颗粒荧光技术可快速判别致密砂岩油层

颗粒荧光技术可快速探测储层颗粒中油包裹体和颗粒表面吸附烃, 能较好地反映储层中油气包裹体丰度及油气性质,可以很好地确认现今油藏和古油藏,有效判别油层、水层、油水过渡带以及古油水界面。用颗粒荧光分析技术,分析了依合2A井志留系柯坪塔格组近20块样品,发现该方法可以较好地识别柯坪塔格组致密砂岩储层中的油层、油水过渡带和水层,为致密砂岩储层油水层判别提供了一种新方法;利用该技术还在志留系柯坪塔格组上段底砂岩中识别出一套含油层,表明该技术具有较好的推广和应用价值。     

A Lower Silurian (Aeronian) radiolarian assemblage from black cherts of the Armorican Massif (France)

The Chalonnes-sur-Loire outcrop is the most complete Llandovery section in the Ligerian domain (Armorican Massif, NW France); it displays a ca. 10 m-thick sequence of organic-rich black bedded cherts alternating with black graptolitic shales, which were deposited above glaciomarine diamictites of the Hirnantian glaciation. It is likely the black cherts accumulated under eutrophic waters, on the outer shelf part (distal offshore) of a Gondwanan margin, situated at intermediate to high latitudes of the Southern hemisphere. Hydrofluoric acid processing allowed the extraction of radiolarians; seven species are identified in the best preserved sample discovered so far. All seven are common species in tropical assemblages known from Alaska and Nevada, which are characteristic of the Orbiculopylorum assemblage, of Aeronian to early Telychian age. This age is in good agreement with independent age control from graptolites in the Chalonnes section, suggestive of an Aeronian age for the radiolarian-yielding level.     

A first report of Prolinograptus packhami Rickards and Wright, 1997 from Baltica,Poland

A well-preserved isolated graptolite Prolinograptus packhami Rickards and Wright, 1997, well known from Australia, is described for the first time in Europe. The genus has now been recognized in three continents (Australia, Europe and North America). The Australian P. packhami occurs in the Neocucullograptus inexpectatus/Neocucullograptus kozlowskii biozonal interval, while the form from the Mielnik IG-1 core, Poland, appears earlier, in the Bohemograptus praecornutus Biozone. Prolinograptus, of unclear origin, is one of the least-known genera of the subfamily Linograptinae. P. packhami, along with Neodiversograptus palmeri and Prolinograptus orangensis, form a group of very diminutive specimens, with slender stipes and thecal apertures showing varying degrees of eversion. Scanning electron microscope examination revealed the presence of some micro-ornamentation on the rhabdosome surface of the Polish Prolinograptus, similar to that known in retiolitids (Retiolitidae).     

四川盆地及周缘志留系龙马溪组一段深层页岩储层特征及其成因

深层页岩储层是页岩气勘探开发的重要接替领域。针对四川盆地及周缘龙马溪组一段深层页岩,系统开展了X-衍射全岩（XRD）、总有机碳（TOC）、大薄片及氩离子抛光大片成像研究。结果表明,相对于浅层页岩,深层页岩储层具有高硅质和低TOC含量、低粉砂纹层含量、高孔隙度和更有效的孔隙网络特征。由浅层至深层,页岩硅质含量由30%增至62%。相应地,碳酸盐含量由32%降至14.3%,粘土矿物含量由33%降至7.8%,TOC含量由7.1%降至4.25%。深层页岩储层发育条带状粉砂纹理,与浅层页岩相比,其粉砂纹层含量减少、单层厚度减薄。黑色页岩发育有机孔、无机孔和微裂缝,由浅层至深层,页岩总面孔率由1.6%增至10.8%,有机孔和无机孔均明显增加,且微裂缝占比由1%增至12%。深层页岩储层有机孔、无机孔和微裂缝相互连通,形成有效的孔隙网络。深层高硅质含量、高孔隙度和更有效的孔隙网络与生物成因硅有关,低TOC含量与远离物源有关,低粉砂纹层含量与水深较大有关。生物成因硅在成岩过程中可形成大量有机孔、无机孔和微裂缝,且其可有效保存孔隙。有机质的生成受营养物质供给影响,远离物源区营养供给较少。粉砂纹层主要由碳酸盐矿物组成,深层不利于碳酸盐的形成。     

川北—鄂西地区下志留统龙马溪组上段厚层斑脱岩的新发现及地质意义

基于重庆市城口地区明中剖面上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组露头,对川北—鄂西地区埃隆阶—特列奇阶斑脱岩的发育特征开展系统研究,新发现多套厚层斑脱岩层。对其地质意义和科学价值进行分析,得到3点认识：①城口地区明中剖面共发现7个斑脱岩密集段（下志留统埃隆阶—特列奇阶新发现3个斑脱岩密集段）,主要赋存于上奥陶统凯迪阶—下志留统特列奇阶的7个笔石带中;②埃隆阶—特列奇阶的斑脱岩密集段主要为单层、厚度超过5 cm的厚层斑脱岩,且大多出现于黏土质含量较高的层段,在自然伽马曲线上呈现峰值响应,其发育特征及自然伽马响应在川北—鄂西地区具有普遍性,可以作为该地区龙马溪组上段重要的地层对比界面;③根据龙马溪组上段斑脱岩密集段的分布特征,川北—鄂西地区在前陆挠曲发展期至少经历了埃隆阶早期、埃隆阶晚期和特列奇阶早期3次强烈的火山喷发和前陆挠曲活动,导致沉降-沉积中心向西、向北相应发生了3次大规模迁移,这使得扬子台盆区北缘海域的封闭性变弱,上升洋流大规模涌入川北—鄂西海域。川北—鄂西地区埃隆阶—特列奇阶的富有机质页岩沉积是斑脱岩密集段Ⅴ出现前后前陆挠曲和上升洋流共同控制的产物,页岩的层位随着斑脱岩密集段Ⅵ—Ⅷ的发育而向西逐渐变新;斑脱岩密集段Ⅴ与Ⅵ之间的火山活动间歇期是埃隆阶上升洋流相富有机质页岩沉积的主要时期。     

塔里木盆地志留系油气成藏主控因素及勘探方向

塔里木盆地志留系主要发育四套储盖组合,油气藏类型主要有构造油气藏、地层遮挡油气藏、构造-岩性油气藏、砂岩上倾尖灭油气藏四种;油气成藏主控因素主要为构造演化、沉积储层及保存条件;综合构造、沉积演化及储层和已知油气藏分析认为塔里木志留系有三种潜在的油气藏类型:地层超覆岩性油气藏、不整合遮挡油气藏、沥青砂遮挡油气藏,并指出了下步有利勘探方向。     

Siluro-devonian Conodonts from the Camelford Limestone, Wellington, New South Wales, Australia

Conodont data have been utilized to identify the Silurian/Devonian boundary within the Camelford Limestone near Wellington, NSW. Conodont faunas are documented from the eosteinhornensis Zone to early delta Zone with one new species of Walliserodus ( W. multistriatus ) and two new species of Ozarkodina ( O. brocki and O. camelfordensis ) described. An apparatus reconstruction of Belodella anomalis is also presented.     

安徽省黄山地区唐家坞组生物地层

安徽省南部黄山市刘村一带唐家坞组的时代以往归为晚志留世,新近在唐家坞组中采获腕足类、瓣鳃类、腹足类等多门类化石,并首次采获胞石、鹦鹉螺等化石,其中胞石Conochitina(Densichitana)dens的时代为兰多维列世末至文洛克世初期,含这些化石的层位相当于秀山动物群的层位。结合地质情况分析,唐家坞组时限主要属于早志留世。     

遗迹化石在层序地层学研究中的应用

以济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组和塔里木盆地志留系为例,探讨了遗迹化石与层序地层学的关系,表现在3个方面:1)层序界面的识别层序界面位置发育有特征性的受基底控制的遗迹相,且界面上下遗迹组合类型发生变化;2)准层序界面的识别较深水环境中,界面上下生物扰动强度明显差异,界面之下扰动强度较大,扰动指数可达到3,而界面之上几乎没有生物扰动,且在同一准层序内部,由下至上,扰动强度逐渐增大;3)旋回层序的识别:在潮控滨线环境中,单个准层序内部,由下至上,高能环境的Skolithos遗迹组合逐渐变为中低能环境的Planolites-Palaeophycus遗迹组合和低能环境的Cochlichnus-Planolites遗迹组合,由下至上呈现旋回性变化特征。