脉动流参数对旋流器分离性能的影响

介绍了脉动实验系统及相关的实验参数,研究了脉动流的一些主要参数对水力旋流器分离性能的影响,详细分析了脉动周期比、流量脉动幅值比和雷诺数等参数对水力旋流器用于细颗粒分离性能的影响。结果表明,在脉动周期比为0.68及流量脉动幅值比为2%左右等条件下,流量的脉动反而会提高水力旋流器的分离效率。     

化学沉淀法处理乙烯裂解废碱液中的硫化物

采用化学沉淀方法处理乙烯裂解废碱液中的硫化物，寻求到了一种较合适的沉淀剂CuO，并考察了影响沉淀效果的各种因素。结果表明：在沉淀反应温度20℃，反应时间30min，CuO：S=1．5：1(摩尔比)等条件下，S^2-的去除率可达到96．78％，CODCr的去除率达到73．83％。沉淀剂CuO再生后可以循环使用，满足处理要求。     

ZnAl类水滑石制备温度对吸附剩余污泥脱水液中磷酸根的影响

A group of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized at different temperatures from 25–90 °C in order to investigate the influence of synthesis temperature on characteristics of the LDHs and their phosphate adsorption behaviour. The results reveal that an increase in the synthesis temperature generally improves the specific surface area of the sample and the phos-phate adsorption capacity. The significantly enhanced crystallinity of the Zn-Al-30, synthesized at 30 °C, leads to a remarkable de-crease in the specific surface area and consequently a poor phosphate adsorption capacity. It is suggested that the surface adsorption plays an important role in the phosphate uptake by the Zn-Al LDHs. Zn-Al-70 presents a relatively higher crystallinity and a lower specific surface area, compared with Zn-Al-60 and Zn-Al-80, but the highest phosphate adsorption capacity, indicating that surface adsorption is only one of the pathways for phosphate removal. The phosphate adsorption by the Zn-Al follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The adsorption isotherms fit Langmuir models, and the maximum adsorption capacities of the Zn-Al-25, Zn-Al-50 and Zn-Al-70 are estimated to be 17.82, 21.01 and 27.10 mg•g1 adsorbent, respectively.     

正硅酸乙酯对杂化膜纳米力学性能的影响

分别采用溶胶-凝胶方法,以三种硅烷偶联剂GPMS、MPMS和VMS为前驱体,调节。TEOS与硅烷偶联剂的比例,合成了三类典型的不同TEOS含量的倍半硅氧烷杂化膜．通过MTS Nano Indenter XP系统进行纳米压痕检测,讨论了不同TEOS含量对涂层的纳米力学性能的影响．由测试结果可知,TEOS影响杂化膜的硬度和模量,质量分数为20％TEOS的MPMS杂化膜显示了最佳的综合力学性能,硬度为0．51GPa、模量为9．04 GPa、脆性指数为0．056．     

用于染料废水CWPO处理的Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备及活性

采用分层浸渍法研制出负载型Fe₂O₃-CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂,并使用BET、XPS和XRF方法对其进行了表征.以偶氮染料模拟废水为目标降解物,考察了该催化剂在催化湿式过氧化氢氧化工艺（CWPO）中的催化活性.结果表明,对于500 mg·L^-1的甲基橙模拟染料废水,在常温（25℃）和常压条件下,当催化剂Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3和氧化剂H2O2的投加量分别为30 g·L^-1和330 mg·L^-1时,处理3 h时的脱色率、COD去除率和TOC去除率分别可达88.77%、89.54%和81.44%,表明该催化剂在CWPO工艺中具有较高的催化活性.     

ZrO2对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2微粉析晶行为的影响

采用高分子网络凝胶法成功地制备出Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2(LASZ)微晶玻璃粉,探讨了添加不同含量ZrO2对LASZ微晶玻璃的析晶行为和相转变的影响.研究表明:热处理温度在700～1200 ℃时,LASZ微粉先形成六方晶系的β-石英固溶体,随热处理温度的升高,逐渐转变为稳定的四方晶系β-锂辉石固溶体.ZrO2含量增加,降低了β-石英固溶体的结晶温度,延迟了β-石英固溶体向β-锂辉石固溶体的转变.当ZrO2的物质的量分数从0增加到4.0%时,析晶活化能从304.6kJ/mol降低到248.9kJ/mol.所获得的LASZ粉末晶粒大小为20～60 nm,晶粒尺寸随温度的升高而增大,随ZrO2的增加而下降.本实验所制备的LASZ微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数为(4～14)×10-7/℃.     

Increase in functional groups for POSS by introducing branched phenylglycidylether

In the selected experimental conditions, firstly, the branched products with functional groups, N-(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether) (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE,containing one hydroxyl group) and N-[di(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether)] (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE2,containing two hydroxyl groups), were synthesized by reacting 1 mole of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APES) with 2 mole of phenylglycidylether (PGE).Then the hydrolytic condensation of APES-PGE and APES-PGE2 was performed by dissolving 1g of the corresponding silane in 1.5ml tetrahydrofuran (THF), adding water and eventually a catalyst(molar ratios:[H2O]/Si=3,[NaOH]/Si=0.05),and heating at 50℃ for 24h, allowing continuous evaporation of volatiles. The final products with branches containing hydroxyl groups were polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS).The products from two reactions were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques,gel partition chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI-TOF MS). Additionally, a narrow mass distribution of muhifunctionalized POSS was shown by UV-MALDI-TOF MS and assignments of the MS peaks.     

正硅酸乙酯对有机无机杂化膜结合强度的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法水解缩合3-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲基硅烷(GPMS)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS),制备了TEOS改性的3-缩水甘油醚基丙基倍半硅氧烷,用凝胶渗透色谱GPC进行了表征和确认,浸渍法使其在玻璃基体上成膜．用划痕法通过MTS Nano Indenter XP纳米压痕仪测试了有机一无机杂化膜的结合强度和划痕形貌,测试结果表明：适当添加TEOS可提高有机一无机杂化膜的膜基结合强度,W(TEOS)15％处膜基结合强度达到最大值．     

活性炭负载复合催化剂分解臭氧的研究

用浸渍法制备了活性炭负载的锰铁和锰铜催化剂,并进行了表征,考察了它们对臭氧分解的催化性能及相对湿度、臭氧初始浓度对臭氧催化分解的影响。结果表明,锰铁催化剂远优于锰铜催化剂,每克锰铁催化剂能分解3.43g臭氧;湿度对臭氧催化分解影响很大,相对湿度越高,催化性能越差;当臭氧初始质量浓度不大干1.908mg/L时,活性炭不参与反应,而在臭氧浓度过大时,催化剂中的载体活性炭会与臭氧发生反应,使催化剂总量减少。     

CO_2加氢合成甲醇CuO-ZnO-TiO_2催化剂的制备与表征

采用添加表面活性剂并流浆态沉淀法制备了CuO-ZnO-TiO2催化剂,利用N2吸附脱附、XRD、SEM、EDS和H2-TPR等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,CuO-ZnO-TiO2催化剂为平均孔径3.7436nm的介孔材料,CuO在催化剂上的分散性较好,还原温度较低。在反应温度230℃、反应压力2.0MPa、反应空速2100h-1、H2和CO2摩尔比为3:1的条件下,CO2加氢合成甲醇效果较好,甲醇选择性为19.68%,甲醇产率为2.26%。