三模块实习教案在海姆立克操作教学的应用

目的探讨三模块实习教案在精神病专科医院以海姆立克操作为主导的噎食急救处置中的教学效果。方法选取实习本科护生90人为研究对象,分为研究组46人和对照组44人。对照组采用传统教学方法实施带教,研究组采用三模块实习教案方法实施带教,均实习2周。结果研究组操作技能考核得分及教学总体满意率显著高于对照组(均P0.01)。结论三模块实习教案教学可提升海姆立克急救技能及急救处置带教效果,提升教学满意率。     

Do Patients Regret Having Received Systemic Treatment for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Evaluation

BackgroundThousands of patients annually receive treatment for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but little is known about their views on the decision to receive that treatment, or regret. This trial prospectively evaluated the incidence of regret and whether baseline characteristics, patient decision‐making parameters, or clinical progress early in the treatment course predicts regret.Materials and MethodsPatients receiving systemic treatment for advanced NSCLC completed every 3‐week patient reported outcome (PRO) assessment using the electronic Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (eLCSS‐QL), including the 3‐Item Global Index (3‐IGI; assessing overall distress, activities, and quality of life [QL]). A prespecified secondary aim was to determine the frequency of regret evaluated at 3 months after starting treatment. Patients were randomized to usual care or enhanced care (which included use of the DecisionKEYS decision aid).ResultsOf 164 patients entered, 160 received treatment and 142 were evaluable for regret. In total, 11.5% of patients and 9% of their supporters expressed regret. Baseline characteristics did not predict regret; regret was rarely expressed by those who had a less than 20% decline or improvement in the 3‐IGI PRO score after two treatment cycles. In contrast, when asked if they would make the same decision again, only 1% not having a 20% 3‐IGI decline expressed regret, versus 14% with a 3‐IGI decline (p = .01).ConclusionThe majority of patients having regret were identified early using the PRO 3‐IGI of the eLCSS‐QL measure. Identifying patients at risk for regret allows for interventions, including frank discussions of progress and goals early in the treatment course, which could address regret in patients and their supporters.Implications for PracticeThis report documents prospectively, for the first time, the incidence of treatment‐related regret in patients with advanced lung cancer and outlines that risk of regret is associated with patient‐determined worsening health status early in the course of treatment. Identifying patients at risk for regret early in treatment (before the third cycle of treatment) appears to be crucial. Counseling at that time should include a discussion of consideration of treatment change and the reason for this change.     

严重创伤急救程序-时间控制模式研究

目的探讨在医院内建立严重创伤的急救程序-时间控制模式对严重创伤的救治效果。方法选取2013年1月~2013年12月期间在中山市人民医院就诊的严重创伤患者80例作为研究组,其中男性60例,女性20例;平均年龄37.8岁。致伤原因:道路交通伤58例,工程事故及高处坠落伤12例,意外伤害10例。2012年类似创伤患者64例作为对照组,其中男性48例,女性16例;平均年龄36.5岁。致伤原因:道路交通伤46例,工程事故及高处坠落10例,意外伤害8例。记录两组患者在急诊抢救室滞留时间、检查检验时间、就诊至手术时间。结果两组在性别、年龄、致伤机制及院前指数(PHI)等指标分布无统计学意义(P0.05)。急救程序-时间控制组死亡4例,死亡率为5%;对照组死亡6例,死亡率为9.37%(P0.05)。急救程序-时间控制组在急诊抢救室滞留时间、检查检验时间、就诊至手术时间较对照组明显缩短(P0.05)。结论建立严重创伤急救程序-时间控制模式可提高严重创伤的院内救治水平,规范院内救治中伤情评估、紧急手术和损害控制各环节流程,建立操作性强、效率较高的严重创伤院内救治管理模式,可显著提高救治成功率,降低死亡率。     

应急设备保障中心管理模式实践

介绍了一套医院处理突发事件的应急预案及调配制度,系统阐述了应急设备保障中心的具体构成及运行模式.结合实践经验,证明了成立应急设备保障中心是合理分配医疗资源、充分发挥设备效益、提高设备使用率的有效措施之一.从信息化、应用培训、资源配置、消毒维护等4个方面分析了保障中心存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策和解决办法,以期提高急救设备的使用率,避免设备的重复购置和盲目引进,初步达到资源共享的目的.     

1045例胸部外伤患者临床分析与研究

目的 了解胸部外伤的特点，探讨处理胸部外伤的策略。方法 统计分析我院自1990年1月～2004年5月间收治的胸部外伤患者1045例，接院前时间、外伤疾病、临床表现、治疗方法、治疗结果分类。结果 交通事故伤是胸部外伤最常见的原因（38．7％）；闭合性胸部损伤占70％，经非手术治疗后好转、治愈者805例，占77％，须紧急开胸手术占胸外伤患者的5．5％。死亡率为0．7％．其中主要为合并心脏大血管损伤死亡和合并颅脑损伤死亡。结论 加强交通安全教育是减少胸部创伤的重要环节。缩短院前时间、改善院前救护、加强基层医院对严重外伤的救治水平是降低死亡率的基础。多发伤的及时正确诊断、重视非手术治疗、及时手术治疗是降低死亡率的保障。