Photocatalytic decoloration of water-soluble azo dyes by reduction based on bisulfite-mediated borohydride

Investigation of the photocatalytic decoloration of nine water-soluble anionic azo dyes widely used for the coloration of textiles was conducted in a photoreactor by a selected reduction based on bisulfite-mediated borohydride. The influence of the irradiation power on their decoloration was discussed in this work. The decoloration processes of two typical azo dyes, Reactive Red MS and C.I. Direct Blue 15 were examined with UV–vis measurement and their decoloration kinetics was also investigated. Moreover, identification of benzidine compounds released from the photoreduction of four direct dyestuffs was undertaken. The results indicated that the reduction of the dyes was significantly enhanced under the increasing irradiation. It was found that the overall degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and two distinct stages were observed in the decoloration processes of Reactive Red MS and C.I. Direct Blue 15. The decay rates at first stage were slightly changed, but the decay rates at second stage were significantly affected by the light intensity. In addition, UV–vis spectra showed that the azo linkages in molecule structure of the dyes were destroyed during the decoloration. Finally, dimethoxyl benzidine or benzidine produced from the photoreduction of four direct dyes was identified as the decoloration products through a rapid spectrophotometric method.     

量补式复合词考察

量补式是一类很特殊的构词法,这类构词法产生的复合词大部分都具有集合义.依据邵敬敏关于量补式复合词的界定,以<现代汉语词典>(第五版)为基础对这类词进行穷尽性考察,尽可能准确地搜查出这类词的数量并分析其特点,从认知角度考察其产生的原因.     

杂化介孔二氧化硅溶胶的制备及表征

在室温、不同pH值条件下合成出纳米球形介孔二氧化硅溶胶。通过研究得出当pH=4时为最佳生产工艺,在pH=4条件下以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,利用正硅酸乙酯和硅烷偶联剂共水解制备了杂化介孔二氧化硅溶胶。运用激光纳米粒度仪、透射电镜、X射线衍射等测试方法对材料进行表征。结果表明:通过共水解溶胶-凝胶法成功合成了改性介孔二氧化硅溶胶,其粒径约为25 nm,具有规则的介孔结构和良好的分散性。     

考虑数据缺失的电力系统暂态稳定自适应集成评估方法

随着电力物联网概念的提出,暂态稳定评估在电力系统规划运行中扮演着越来越重要的角色.由于同步相量测量单元(PMU)的广泛配置,基于机器学习和PMU在线量测数据的暂态稳定实时评估方法展现出了巨大的发展潜力.针对这类方法在应用中可能因PMU失效而严重影响精度的问题,文中提出了一种考虑数据缺失的电力系统暂态稳定自适应集成评估方法.首先,在保证全网节点可观性的基础上构建考虑PMU重要性的PMU子集集合搜索算法.然后,根据PMU子集对应的特征集训练暂态稳定评估子模型.最后,在任意可能的PMU失效情况下采用自适应加权融合机制构建集成暂态稳定评估模型.在新英格兰10机39节点电力系统上的仿真表明,文中提出的方法在PMU失效造成的数据缺失下仍然能够准确、可靠地进行暂态稳定评估,在鲁棒性、计算量及准确率上相比已有的方法均具有较大优势.     

数据驱动的航天器故障诊断研究现状及挑战

总结了基于数据驱动的故障诊断技术理论、方法及其在航天器上的应用现状,指出其面临的挑战并提出一种解决方案。将基于数据驱动的故障诊断方法按照技术发展顺序分为基于传统机器学习的方法、基于深度学习的方法以及基于迁移学习的方法。基于传统机器学习的方法需要大量的人工参与和丰富的专家经验,在小样本数据上有着优异的性能,但不适合处理大数据。在大数据背景下,重点介绍了卷积神经网络、循环神经网络、深度自编码器以及深度信念网络的基本概念以及原理,对其在航天器故障诊断领域的研究现状进行了阐述和总结。针对深度学习严重依赖于带标签数据这一问题,介绍了基于迁移学习的故障诊断技术,并提出适应航天器应用的场景,为数据驱动的故障诊断技术工程应用提供了一种方法和思路。     

制备态FeZrBNi/Ag/FeZrBNi三层膜的巨磁阻抗效应

用射频溅射法在单晶硅衬底上制备了FeZrBNi／Ag／FeZrBNi三层膜，对制备态样品进行了磁阻抗测量．结果表明，样品纵向和横向的最大磁阻抗比分别为18％和31％，取得最大阻抗比的频率分别为7和8MHz；在此频率下，样品的纵向和横向相对磁导率比分别达到153％和5117％．这表明掺Ni的FeZrB三层膜在制备态已具备优异的巨磁阻抗效应和软磁性能．同时还分析了薄膜样品的电阻、电抗分量和有效磁导率随频率的变化关系．     

陶瓷衬底多晶硅薄膜太阳能电池工艺

为了大幅度降低成本,真正实现太阳能电池的大规模应用,设计出一种新颖的薄膜电池,即在廉价的陶瓷衬底上沉积多晶硅薄膜制作的太阳电池.介绍了制作这一电池的完整工艺流程,摸索出合适的工艺参数,解决了在异质衬底上生长大晶粒多晶硅薄膜和表面电极引出的问题,实验取得了令人满意的结果.     

基于AVHRR和TM数据的时间序列较高分辨率NDVI数据集重构方法

由于技术条件的限制,一个传感器很难同时具有高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率。然而,在高分辨率尺度上监测地表景观季节性变化的能力是全球的迫切需要,融合周期短、覆盖范围广与分辨率高、周期长的遥感数据是一种较好的方法。基于AVHRR时间分辨率高和TM空间分辨率高及其数据积累时间长的特点,选择若尔盖高原为研究区域,在改进ESTARFM方法的基础上,对TM NDVI和AVHRR NDVI进行融合,构建高时空分辨率的NDVI数据集。研究结果表明:该方法能有机结合AVHRR NDVI的时间变化信息与TM NDVI的空间差异信息,有效实现高时空分辨率NDVI数据集的重构,3景预测高分辨率NDVI与MODIS NDVI产品相关系数分别达到了0.89、0.91和0.85。该方法能够在时间上保留高时间分辨率数据的时间变化信息,同时在空间上反映高空间分辨率数据的空间差异信息,从而为有效构建相对高分辨率时间序列NDVI数据集提供了可能的方法。     

Secure three-party computational protocols for triangle area

In this work, we have put forth two different protocols to address a concrete secure multi-party computational (MPC) problem related to a triangle, of which the coordinates of the three vertices are confidentially kept by the three participants, respectively. The three parties wish to collaboratively compute the area of this triangle while preserving their own coordinate privacy. As one of the merits, our protocols employ weaker assumptions of the existence of pseudorandom generators. In particular, unlike massive secure MPC protocols that rely a lot on oblivious transfer, ours utilize a new computing idea called “pseudorandom-then-rounding” method to avoid this burdensome obstacle. The two protocols are based on different theorems, while they both make use of the same underlying idea. At last, we provide a detailed proof for the first protocol by a series of security reductions of our newly defined games, which seems somewhat stronger than the previous simulation-based proofs and a proof sketch for the second one. Analysis and discussion about the reasons are provided as well to round off our work.     

均匀动态规划方法及其在水电系统优化调度中的应用

动态规划(Dynamic Programming,DP)是求解多维多阶段复杂决策问题的有效方法,然而维数灾问题极大地限制了它的应用。为缓解这一问题,结合均匀试验设计提出均匀动态规划(Uniform Dynamic Programming,UDP)。UDP以DP为基础框架,将各阶段不同维度离散状态的组合视为多因素多水平试验,利用均匀设计表从全部状态变量中优选少数极具代表性、在可行域内均匀散布的状态变量进行计算,大幅降低各阶段状态变量集合基数。分析表明,UDP空间复杂度和时间复杂度由DP指数增长分别降至线性和平方增长,存储量和运算量显著减少,同时澜沧江梯级水电站群仿真测试结果验证了UDP的高效性和实用性。