An ultra-wideband antenna for the reinforced concrete detection

In this paper, an Ultra-Wideband （UWB） planar antenna is proposed for the reinforced concrete detection, which consists of a pair of planar waterdrop arms, a microstrip to coplanar par- allel-strips transition and a shallow rectangular cavity. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the shallow cavity, some absorbing material is loaded to weaken the narrow-band effect of the cavity and the crosstalk interference. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has a large bandwidth from 0.48 GHz to 3.6 GHz with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio （VSWR） below 2 and a fractional bandwidth about 200% under the center frequency of 1.6 GHz, directional radiation char- acteristics and small late-time ringing in the time domain, which can be suitable for nondestructive detection of the reinforced concrete.     

Performance analysis of 3G systems in presence of UWB interference

In this paper,the impact of the interference from multiple ultra wideband(UWB) transmitters to a 3rd-generation(3G) terminal is evaluated under UWB emission power limit regulations of federal communications commission(FCC),european telecommunications standards institute(ETSI) and Japan respectively.A three-dimensional interference model is presented where a discrete spatial distribution of UWB transmitters is considered.It is assumed that a mobile terminal and a large number of UWB devices exist in one room simultaneously.A parameter which characterizes the link budget degradation at the victim receiver is defined to measure the UWB interference to 3G systems.The maximum acceptable density of UWB transmitters and the minimum acceptable distance between UWB transmitters and the 3G terminal are analyzed under different link budget degradations.The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of time division-synchronous code division multiple access(TD-SCDMA) is the best,the one of code division multiple access 2000(CDMA2000) is the worst and the one of wideband code division multiple access(WCDMA) lies between them in presence of UWB interference.     

基于双本振同步Nyguist折叠接收机的多分量LFM信号检测及参数估计

Nyquist折叠接收机(NYFR)为一种新颖的超宽带接收机结构,它可以利用单片ADC实现超宽带范围内信号的采集,而同步Nyquist折叠接收机(SNYFR)为其一种改进结构。该文在此基础上提出一种新的基于双本振方案的SNYFR结构,推导了多分量LFM输入下的数学模型。并基于此结构,提出一种基于正弦调频匹配(SFMM)与分数阶域折叠补偿相结合的多分量LFM信号奈奎斯特区域(NZ)判定与参数估计算法,克服了单本振SNYFR结构处理多分量LFM输入时的困难,提高了NZ判定及参数估计的抗噪声性能。计算机仿真表明,该文算法可以有效地对多分量LFM信号进行检测并实现各分量参数的高精度估计。     

一种自适应速率的UWB MAC协议

在超宽带（UWB）通信中,跳时冲激无线电（TH-IR）技术具有系统结构简单、成本低、功率小等优点,得到广泛的研究及应用探索。基于TH-IR UWB技术,提出了一种能够保证链路误码率及传输速率的自适应速率跳时（Rate-Adaptive Time Hopping,RATH）介质访问控制（MAC）协议,该协议利用跳时码管理多用户的信道访问,依据接收节点的信干比控制链路的建立,并采用自适应速率算法调节链路的传输速率。NS2平台下的仿真实验表明,与U-MAC等已有的固定速率协议相比较,RATH MAC协议能够使网络有效吞吐量和传输时延得到明显改善。     

TPC译码反馈在超宽带TR接收机中的应用

为了消除超宽带通信中数据辅助（DA）的平均发射参考（ATR）接收机的判决错误传播风险,提出加入FEC译码反馈机制,用译码判决输出来反馈更新相关模板的思路。比较选择出适合的Turbo乘积码（TPC）,据此形成了一种TPC译码反馈的改进DA-ATR接收机。对其性能进行了分析和多径信道仿真,结果表明：该接收机能有效消除上述风险,检测性能优于单纯TPC纠错的一般ATR接收机,约有1 dB信噪比增益优势。     

超宽带信号地面回波仿真方法研究

研究地面的超宽带回波特性,能够为超宽带无线电系统设计提供仿真支持。为保证计算结果的可信性,需要考虑土壤的色散特性和地面起伏对回波的影响。目前在超宽带地面回波计算中所使用的FDTD（时域有限差分）算法计算量较大或者存在较大误差。使用卷积完全匹配层（CPML）作为吸收边界,多极点Debye模型描述土壤介质特性,在FDTD算法基础上推导出了多极点Debye介质的CPML-FDTD算法。对不同条件地面的回波进行了仿真计算,与未使用PML（完全匹配层）的FDTD算法计算结果进行比较分析,表明文中使用的算法结果正确且效率较高。     

超宽带穿墙雷达动目标跟踪成像算法研究

利用超宽带穿墙雷达探测跟踪墙后人体目标在城区巷战、反恐斗争和人质救援等领域的应用日益广泛。动目标检测与成像算法是穿墙雷达信号处理的两大关键部分,针对传统的动目标检测方法的不足,本文研究了一种提取动目标回波信息的自适应背景去除方法,并考虑到墙体影响,对传统的后向投影成像算法进行改进。利用FDTD数值仿真和外场实验验证了对隐藏在墙后运动目标跟踪成像,研究结果表明,本文算法对天线形式要求简单,准确度高,实时性好。     

Inductorless Ultra-Wide Band Front-End Chip Design with Noise Cancellation Technology for Wireless Communication Applications 10

An inductorless Ultra-Wide Band(UWB)receiver front-end chip design used in wireless communications for the frequency band of 3.1～4.8 GHz is presented.This homodyne receiver mainly consists of a differential Low Noise Amplifier(LNA)circuit followed by a down-converting mixer.The proposed LNA circuit with a noise canceling resistor is connected to the CMOS device's body to reduce the substrate thermal noise.Simulation and measurement results show that the chip can reduce the front-end Noise Figure(NF)about 0.5dB and achieve the Conversion Gain(CG)of 19.44～21.57 dB and double-sideband NF less than 7.8 dB.Also,the input third-order intercept point(IIP3)is-11 dBm,and the input second-order intercept point(IIP2)is 49 dBm.Fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology,this chip occupies only 0.167 mm2 and dissipates power 59.2 mW.     

CMOS全差分超宽带低噪声放大器

文中给出了一个应用于超宽带射频接收机中的全集成低噪声放大器,该低噪声放大器采用了电阻并联负反馈与源极退化电感技术的结合,为全差分结构,在Jazz0.18μm RF CMOS工艺下实现,芯片面积为1.08mm2,射频端ESD抗击穿电压为1.4kV。测试结果表明,在1.8V电源电压下,该LNA的工作频带为3.1～4.7GHz,功耗为14.9mW,噪声系数(NF)为1.91～3.24dB,输入三阶交调量(IIP3)为-8dBm。