http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000752

A series of environmentalegeological problems have been caused by over-exploitation of deep groundwater (i.e., confined aquifer water) in the North China Plain. In order to better understand the status of deep groundwater over-exploitation and the resultant environmentalegeological problems on a regional scale, the over-exploitation of groundwater has been assessed by way of the groundwater exploitation potential coefficient (i.e., the ratio of exploitable amount of deep groundwater to current exploitation), cumulative land subsidence, and long-term average lowering rate of the groundwater table. There is a good correlation among the results calculated by the different methods. On a regional scale, deep groundwater has been over-exploited and there is no further exploitation potential under the current conditions. The groundwater exploitation degree index takes the exploitation in 2003 as the reference for the calculations, so the results mainly reflect the degree of current groundwater exploitation. The results of over-exploitation of deep groundwater obtained by land subsidence data and long-term average rate of depression of the water table mainly reflect environmentalegeological problems caused by exploitation of deep groundwater.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000405

This study has focused on the processes of soil degradation and chemical element concentration in tea-growing regions of Rwanda, Africa. Soil degradation accelerated by erosion is caused not only by topography but also by human activities. This soil degradation involves both the physical loss and reduction in the amount of topsoil associated with nutrient decline. Soil samples were collected from eleven tropical zones in Rwanda and from variable depth within each collecting site. Of these, Samples from three locations in each zone were analyzed in the laboratory, with the result that the pH of all soil samples is shown to be less than 5 (pH < 5) with a general average of 4.4. The elements such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) are present in high concentration levels. In contrast calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) are present at low-level concentrations and carbon (C) was found in minimal concentrations. In addition, elements derived from fertilizers, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) which is also from minerals such as feldspar, are also present in low-level concentrations. The results indicate that the soil in certain Rwandan tea plantations is acidic and that this level of pH may help explain, in addition to natural factors, the deficiency of some elements such as Ca, Mg, P and N. The use of chemical fertilizers, land use system and the location of fields relative to household plots are also considered to help explain why tea plantation soils are typically degraded.     

基于GIS的城市地下空间资源综合质量评估研究

城市发展空间由地表向地下延伸,是目前城市发展的必然趋势。本文以北京房山区规划新城为例,在房山新城规划区区域地质、岩土性状、地质灾害等研究成果基础上,分析影响地下空间开发利用的各种影响因素,利用GIS技术,采用定量评价、定性评价相结合评估方法,构建评价系统,确定评价指标体系,建立评估模型,进行房山新城地下空间资源综合质量分区评价,最终达到房山新城土地资源利用最大化。     

土地质量地球化学评估与农用地分等成果整合方法研究——以浙江嘉善县和慈溪市为例

土地质量地球化学等级与农用地分等是土地质量的重要组成部分,土地质量调查成果可为各级政府开展土地数量、质量管理和生态管护提供重要的科技支撑。本文在对土地质量、土地质量评价以及土地质量地球化学评估、农用地分等概念进行界定的基础上,以浙江省嘉善县和慈溪市为例,探讨了土地质量地球化学评估结果与农用地分等成果整合方法,对比研究叠加法和因素法的原理与方法、整合效果以及存在的优缺点。研究认为;因素法重新构建评价体系,较为系统全面,但现实中难以做到;而叠加法保持各自成果的独立性,虽不够系统,但操作简便易行,是现阶段两种成果整合在方法上的最佳选择。     

海洋标准评估方法研究

科学评估海洋标准是提高海洋标准质量的重要手段.分析了影响海洋标准评估因素确定的条件,建立海洋标准评估指标体系与评价集.利用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对海洋标准进行评估,定量评估了海洋标准的质量.该方法为建立科学的、操作性强的标准评估体系提供研究基础,有利于完善对海洋标准质量的控制,提高海洋标准的管理水平.     

美国墨西哥湾溢油应急响应机制和技术手段研究及启示

文章综述了美国溢油应急响应机制,针对2010年4月10日美国墨西哥湾＂深水地平线＂号钻井平台的爆炸溢油事件,分别从响应管理和技术手段两个角度剖析了此次事件的响应过程和响应机构,以及所采用的堵漏清污、监视监测和自然资源损害评估相关技术现状,探讨了其优劣性,并对我国进一步提高完善溢油应急响应管理和技术水平、制定相关管理政策和技术规范提供了参考。     

实施土地开发整理 确保耕地总量动态平衡

分析了山西闻喜县白水滩土地开发整理项目完成后的生态效益、社会效益与经济效益,充分说明了实施土地整理项目,对改善当地农业生产和生态环境,确保山西省耕地总量动态平衡和社会经济的可持续发展的重要意义。同时,还对土地整理中存在的问题提出了改进建议,并作出具体措施。     

舍堂滑坡成因分析及危险性评价

通过对交城舍堂滑坡区域地质资料及勘察成果分析,将舍堂滑坡的成因归纳为三方面:一是地质环境条件是滑坡形成的基础;二是水文地质条件是滑坡形成的关键;三是人类工程活动加速了滑坡形成。依据《地质灾害危险性评估技术要求》对舍堂滑坡危险性评价,现状为极不稳定状态,危险性现状评估为"危险性大",必须进行治理并进行动态监测。     

英超球员能力的定量评估和预测

为了对足球运动员的运动能力进行系统且量化的评估,并进一步根据已知资料预测特定球员的能力走向,运用统计学方法进行研究。基于2006-2009这4个赛季英超联赛的统计数据和现场评论,运用定量评估方法,首先综合分析已有数据和球评关键词,建立基于赛季末统计数据的球员能力评估模型1;然后单独考虑球评中球员名出现次数,建立基于球评中球员名出现次数的球员能力评估模型2;定量评估上场球员能力,并将结果与历届获得世界足球先生提名的英超球员进行比较,发现模型1更接近于奖项的评奖标准。最后在二模型的基础上,建立对正在进行的2010赛季内球员能力的预测模型。模型结果具有实际效应,值得在足球球员能力评估与预测中加以运用。     

辽宁省危机矿山接替资源找矿获重大进展：全省矿山平均可延长服务至少10年

近日从刚刚闭幕的全国危机矿山接替资源找矿专项总结大会上获悉,辽宁省危机矿山接替资源找矿取得重大突破,找矿成果及由此带来的经济,社会效益均位于全国前列。