HL-FFQH环保型水基钻井液体系的构建及应用

针对目前环保型钻井液体系应用效果不理想、成本高等问题,采用前期合成的5种无毒、易降解、金属含量达标的处理剂,优化出一套HL-FFQH环保型钻井液体系,配方为:4%膨润土浆+0.3%包被剂HLBE-2+2%降滤失剂HLJ-1+3%固壁剂HLGB-3+1%封堵剂HLFD-1+2%润滑剂HLR-2+重晶石。室内评价结果表明,该环保型钻井液体系流变性良好;8 h泥页岩膨胀量仅为2.5 mm,具有很强的抑制性;用7%钻屑污染后流变性能稳定,滤失量变化小于0.4 mL,具有优良的抗钻屑污染能力;经150℃、16 h老化后的钻井液润滑系数及泥饼摩阻系数分别为0.10和0.08,润滑性良好;生物毒性、生物降解性及金属含量等均符合环保指标;废弃的钻井液颜色较浅,滤饼和滤液不影响动植物的生长和生存。HL-FFQH环保钻井液体系在华北油田的4口井中获得成功应用。现场应用表明,该钻井液体系性能稳定、抑制防塌性强;具有良好的储层保护和环境保护能力;机械钻速较邻井提高了85.5%,无井下复杂事故发生。HL-FFQH环保型钻井液体系从前期配方和后期废弃物均符合环境保护要求。      

PLC及比例放大板在喀麦隆曼维莱水电站主溢洪道弧门控制系统中的应用

PLC及比例放大板是曼维莱水电站主溢洪道闸门控制系统的重要部件,对闸门的同步纠偏、平稳运行起到了关键作用,对其基本控制原理、控制程序、操作方式等进行了阐述。     

主溢洪道坝顶门机机械自动抓梁的设计改进

介绍了喀麦隆曼维莱水电站主溢洪道坝顶门机自动抓梁的改进,在不更改抓梁结构的前提下,增加限位装置,使机械抓梁更加方便、准确地操作。为门机的安全和效率提供了有力保证。     

阳离子荧光探针——咪唑鎓盐的大环四胺金属配合物的荧光性质研究

报道了一种含有大环四胺的咪唑鎓盐配体在吡啶/水为溶剂的条件下对Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II)三种离子不同的荧光响应;在同种浓度下Cu2 配合物存在明显的荧光增强,Co2 、 Zn2 配合物存在较强的荧光翠灭,而Zn2 比Co2 荧光响应减弱得更多.     

VAV空调对风管系统施工的要求

本文针对VAV空调系统的原理及特性,并结合工程施工实践及教训,从VAV风管系统其中的四个主要组成部分,阐述了送风系统风管、变风量末端装置、回风管、风口在施工安装方面的特殊要求,目的是保证VAV系统顺利运行调试达到设计预期效果。     

基于OPC协议的高性能伺服压力机控制系统研究

研究了1000kN伺服压力机的控制系统。为了满足伺服压力机大型化发展的需求,机械系统采用双螺杆驱动结构,并通过虚拟主轴同步控制及优化设计机械结构,解决了双电机同步控制难的问题;针对运动曲线设计柔性化、简单化的需求,提出了一种三次样条拟合的曲线规划方法,以实现伺服压力机自定义运动曲线功能;控制系统采用上位PC机与运动控制器的架构模式,通过OPC通讯协议实现PC机与西门子Simotion运动控制器之间的参数传递互联。     

污水厂污泥中类二噁英类物质污染水平的研究进展

污水厂污泥的农业资源化利用是污泥处置的重要方法之一,但污泥中所含有毒有害的类二噁英类物质会制约污泥的农业利用.本文综述了污水厂污泥中类二口恶英类物质的污染水平和特点,为进一步制定和完善我国农用污泥中类二口恶英类物质控制标准提供科学的依据.     

浅谈如何做好塔吊在施工过程中的安全管理工作

本文主要讲述了在塔吊施工过程中,从根本实践工作管理工作,对监督施工企业严格要求做好安全措施,从而有效防止事故的发生。     

《罐头食品商业无菌的检验》标准的特征及其意义

通过简述现行罐头食品商业无菌检验标准的由来及执行标准的经验,指出该标准与其他食品微生物检验标准相比的独特之处,并对一些标准内容不解的现象进行澄清。只有重视封口与杀菌这两个关键控制点的控制有效性,罐头食品才能达到商业无菌要求。     

剩余活性污泥碱性发酵液用于厌氧交替好氧-缺氧序批式反应器生物除磷脱氮的碳源的研究(英文)

Activated sludge process has been widely used to remove phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater. However, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal is sometimes unsatisfactory due to the low influent COD. Another problem with the activated sludge process is that large amount of waste activated sludge is produced, which needs further treatment. In this study, the waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid was used as the main carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal under anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic conditions, and the results were compared with those using acetic acid as the carbon source. The use of alkaline fermentation liquid not only affected the transformations of phosphorus, nitrogen, intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates and glycogen, but also led to higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus and nitrogen compared with acetic acid. It was observed that ammonium was completely removed with either alkaline fermentation liquid or acetic acid as the carbon source. However, the former resulted in higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus (95%) and nitrogen (82%), while the latter showed lower ones (87% and 74%, respectively). The presence of a large amount of propionic acid in the alkaline fermentation liquid was one possible reason for its higher phosphorus removal efficiency. Exogenous instead of endogenous denitrification was the main pathway for nitrogen removal with the alkaline fermentation liquid as the carbon source, which was responsible for its higher nitrogen removal efficiency. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid can replace acetic acid as the carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal in anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor.