基于拉曼光谱技术的肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对氧化损伤人精子DNA的保护作用

【目的】基于拉曼光谱技术,探讨肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对Fenton’s试剂诱导人精子氧化损伤的保护作用。【方法】体外建立氧化损伤精子模型,给予肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷(剂量分别为0.1、0.01、0.001μg/mL）保护处理后,采用共聚焦显微拉曼光谱技术,检测分析精子核部DNA的变化情况。【结果】 Fenton’s试剂致使人精子细胞核拉曼光谱的强度和峰位移发生显著变化,给予肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷保护处理后,这种变化被抑制,且呈一定的剂量相关性。【结论】肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对氧化损伤人精子DNA具有一定的保护作用。     

活血消异方对子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠体外受精胚胎发育的影响

目的 评估活血消异方子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠体外受精胚胎发育的影响。方法 通过体外受精的方法, 观察中药组、模型组和假手术组的小鼠的促排卵数、受精率、二细胞分裂率、四细胞分裂率、桑葚胚形成率及最终桑葚胚形成率, 观察对子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠体外受精胚胎发育的影响。探讨内异症对小鼠体外受精后胚胎发育的影响及活血消异方对胚胎发育的作用。结果 中药组、模型组和假手术组, 共三组。三组的平均促排卵数、体外受精率和二细胞分裂率差异有显著性意义(P<0.05), 平均促排卵数、体外受精率和二细胞分裂率由高到低均依次为假手术组、中药组和模型组;三组的四细胞分裂率差异有显著性意义(P<0.05), 桑葚胚形成率差异无显著性差异(P>0.05), 桑葚胚最终形成率差异有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 子宫内膜异位症可降低模型小鼠促排卵数、体外受精率及卵裂率, 影响胚胎发育质量,活血消异方可改善胚胎发育质量。     

不育相关泛素特异性蛋白酶USP26的分子克隆及活性分析

目的 对克隆泛素特异性蛋白酶26(ubiquitin-specific protease 26,usp26)基因进行表达和活性测定.方法 采用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR),从小鼠全血中扩增获得usp26基因并测定序列.将基因片段与pGEX-6p-1拼接,应用异丙基-β-d-硫代半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside,IPTG)使蛋白表达并利用Ub-Met-β-gal鉴定活性.用多重比对方法分析人类、小鼠及褐家鼠usp26基因编码氨基酸序列的差异.结果 本实验克隆出usp26基因.构建出pGEX-usp26质粒,该质粒表达出GST-USP26结合蛋白并测得其活性.三个种属含有相同的赖氨酸结构域(Cys box)与组氨酸结构域(His box)特征部位氨基酸.结论 usp26基因克隆并表达成功,完成活性测定,为进一步探索usp26在男性不育机制方面的作用提供了一种活性研究方法.     

妇科养荣胶囊联合心理治疗内分泌性不孕症的疗效及安全性

目的：观察妇科养荣胶囊联合心理治疗内分泌性不孕症的临床效果及不良反应。方法：选取我院妇科门诊100例内分泌性不孕症患者为研究对象,随机分为实验组及对照组各50例,对照组单独口服妇科养荣胶囊,实验组在对照组治疗的基础上给予心理疏导、精神支持、感情交流。所有患者随访2年,比较两组妊娠率及副作用。结果：实验组治疗有效率（47/50,94.0%）高于对照组（37/50,74.0%）,差异有统计学意义（X2=11.24,P＜0.05）。治疗后两组宫颈黏液评分差异具有统计学意义（t=7.385,P＜0.05）。观察组受孕率（72.0%）高于对照组（42.0%）,差异具有统计学意义（X2=12.07,P＜0.05）,无明显不良反应。结论：妇科养荣胶囊联合心理治疗内分泌性不孕症的临床疗效显著,无明显的副作用,易于操作,值得临床推广。     

利拉鲁肽提高肥胖不孕多囊卵巢综合征妇女临床妊娠率的研究

目的评价利拉鲁肽与二甲双胍联合用药对减重治疗失败的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者临床妊娠率及累计妊娠率的影响,同时评价联合用药对卵母细胞和胚胎质量、减重以及代谢和内分泌指数的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2018年12月间在我院治疗的186例减重失败的PCOS肥胖患者。186例患者随机分为联合用药组(联合组)与二甲双胍组,每组93例。二甲双胍组服用二甲双胍片治疗,联合组在二甲双胍组治疗的基础上,加用利拉鲁肽皮下注射治疗,初始剂量为0.6 mg,1次/d,3 d后增加至1.2 mg。所有患者均治疗12周。治疗的同时对所有患者进行积极生活方式干预,干预措施包括控制食物热量及每天进行至少30 min中等强度的身体活动,在药物治疗1个月后给予患者体外受精(IVF)手术,对患者进行12个月随访,记录患者的自然妊娠情况。比较基线期与治疗后患者的人体测量参数、内分泌参数、体脂分布参数及IVF结果。结果治疗后,联合组与二甲双胍组患者体重均较基线期显著降低(t=2.65,P<0.01;t=4.05,P<0.01)。二甲双胍组和联合组患者体重分别下降(5.98±5.03)kg和(7.52±3.90)kg。与二甲双胍组比较,联合组患者体重较基线降低值显著提高(t=2.33,P=0.02)。2组患者内脏脂肪含量、体积和面积均较基线期显著降低(P<0.05)。与二甲双胍组比较,联合组的临床妊娠率(84.0%vs.28.3%,χ^2=30.42,P<0.01)和累计妊娠率(68.8%vs.37.6%,χ^2=18.16,P<0.01)显著提高。两组患者恶心与腹泻发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.56,P=0.21;χ^2=0.58,P=0.45)。结论低剂量利拉鲁肽联合二甲双胍对超重不孕的PCOS患者进行短期干预,可以显著提高患者的临床妊娠率和累计妊娠率,并显著降低PCOS患者的体重、内脏脂肪组织,没有显著增加患者的药物不良反应。     

不孕不育患者生殖道分泌物支原体培养及药敏结果分析

目的 了解本地区不孕不育患者生殖道支原体感染及耐药情况.方法 对2011年至2013年在本院生殖门诊就诊并进行支原体培养、鉴定及药敏试验的患者进行统计分析.结果 848份标本中支原体阳性的410份,解脲支原体（Uu）阳性370份.女性患者Uu感染率为45.6％ （351/769）,男性为24.1％ （19/79）.药敏结果显示环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为89.0％和73.3％,而强力霉素、原始霉素、四环素及交沙霉素的敏感性均达90％以上.结论 本地区不孕不育患者支原体感染率较高,且对环丙沙星及氧氟沙星耐药率较高,但男性与女性感染率有显著差异,临床治疗时必须进行相应的药物敏感性试验,合理选用抗生素,以达到有效治疗的目的.     

卵母细胞成熟障碍4例与同期卵母细胞大部分不成熟患者比较分析

目的分析4例体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF—ET）患者共8个辅助助孕周期,全部73个卵母细胞均处于GV、MetaphaseI期的可能原因。并与同期13例IVF—ET患者比较分析,比较组患者〉50％卵母细胞处于GV、MetaphaseI期。方法回顾分析本中心12年辅助助孕工作中出现的4例患者共8个周期所获卵母细胞均处于GV、MI的临床及实验室资料,并与同期13例超过50％卵母细胞处于GV、MI患者的临床、实验室资料进行比较。结果4例患者73个卵母细胞均处于GV或MI期,经体外成熟培养,24,48,72h仍无极体排出,停滞于GV、MI期。同期13例患者大部分卵母细胞不成熟,但体外培养后部分卵母细胞可进一步成熟,并可受精,获得妊娠。结论细胞和遗传机制引起卵母细胞成熟障碍,现有体外成熟培养方法尚无法促其成熟,目前赠卵是该类患者获得妊娠可供选择的助孕方法。但对于在控制性超促排卵中,出现大部分卵母细胞不成熟的患者可以通过延长促超排时间,增大hCG注射日卵泡直径,体外成熟培养等方法获得成熟的卵母细胞,获得妊娠。     

Varicocele anatomy during subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in Chinese men

Knowledge of subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy is of fundamental importance to ensure that varicocele is resolved and testicular function is preserved. Our study aimed to describe the number of veins, arteries and lymphatics in the subinguinal spermatic cord and to clarify their differences between two sides, between patients with different complaints and between varicoceles with different clinical grades. A total of 102 consecutive patients underwent 162 primary subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomies, during which the number of vessels with different diameters was recorded. A mean number of 12.9 internal spermatic veins, 0.9 external spermatic veins, 1.8 internal spermatic arteries and 2.9 lymphatics were identified per cord. 88.2% of the internal spermatic arteries were surrounded by a dense complex of adherent veins. The external spermatic vein or veins were found in 49.4% of the cases. The mean number of medium (1–3 mm in diameter) internal spermatic veins on the left was larger than that on the right (P < 0.001). The mean number of medium internal spermatic veins in grade III varicocele was larger than that in grade I or grade II (P < 0.015). There was no significant anatomical difference between the men presenting for infertility, chronic testicular pain and both the two complaints.     

Histomorphological Patterns of Endometrium in Infertility

Background

Endometrium is the most sensitive indicator of ovarian function and endometrial biopsy is one of the most important investigations in infertility. The current study was carried out to investigate the histomorphological patterns of endometrium in infertile women and to compare the results with other similar studies.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study on 2,080 infertile women was carried out to find the incidence of various histomorphological patterns in hematoxylin-eosin stained sections of endometrium and compare them with other Indian studies.

Results

In the current study majority of cases (88.50 %) were of primary infertility; the highest number of cases was in the age group of 21–30 years and the oldest patient was of 50 years age. The various abnormalities observed were anovulatory endometrium (15.75 %), inadequate proliferative (1.90 %), inadequate secretory (9.52 %), glandulo-stromal disparity (GSD) (4.21 %), hyperplasia (1.10 %), and endometritis (1.63 %). In 3.0 % cases menstrual cycle history was not available and curettage was done at inappropriate period of the cycle in 11.63 %. Comparison with other studies revealed the results matching with some and differing with others.

Conclusion

In the current study, anovulatory endometrium and luteal phase defect are the major causes of infertility, and tuberculous endometritis, non-specific endometritis and GSD are minor contributing factors. These are treatable causes. Premenstrual endometrial biopsy, if accompanied by information of menstrual cycle and date of biopsy, can be a very reliable diagnostic tool for hormonal dysfunction and intrinsic endometrial factors in infertility.     

关于辅助生殖技术机构知情同意的调查与分析

目的：通过对辅助生殖技术机构中知情同意情况的调查与分析,了解医务人员知情信息告知与患方知情同意的现状与问题,从而完善知情告知的内容与方法,提高知情同意效果。方法自拟知情同意调查问卷,采用匿名问卷调查形式,由辅助生殖技术机构中医务人员和门诊不孕症患方夫妇填写完成。结果医务人员知情告知执行情况有待提高,在告知过程中存在不注重保护患者隐私的情况,而患方自身对知情同意也重视程度不够。医务人员期待伦理培训。结论辅助生殖技术机构知情同意情况并不乐观,亟需加强伦理培训,提高医务人员知情告知意识,规范知情告知内容与方式,并探索患方知情效果评价方法。