Development of the meshless finite volume particle method with exact and efficient calculation of interparticle area

The Finite Volume Particle Method (FVPM) is a meshless method based on a definition of interparticle area which is closely analogous to cell face area in the classical finite volume method. In previous work, the interparticle area has been computed by numerical integration, which is a source of error and is extremely expensive. We show that if the particle weight or kernel function is defined as a discontinuous top-hat function, the particle interaction vectors may be evaluated exactly and efficiently. The new formulation reduces overall computational time by a factor between 6.4 and 8.2. In numerical experiments on a viscous flow with an analytical solution, the method converges under all conditions. Significantly, in contrast with standard FVPM and SPH, error depends on particle size but not on particle overlap (as long as the computational domain is completely covered by particles). The new method is shown to be superior to standard FVPM for shock tube flow and inviscid steady transonic flow. In benchmarking on a viscous multiphase flow application, FVPM with exact interparticle area is shown to be competitive with a mesh-based volume-of-fluid solver in terms of computational time required to resolve the structure of an interface.     

低高宽比微通道中的流动沸腾不稳定性

以甲醇为工质，在不同进口温度、质量流速、热通量和倾角下对低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾不稳定性进行了研究。在宽广的参数范围内发现存在3类不稳定性：流量漂移静态不稳定性、压力降型脉动动态不稳定性及压力降和密度波复合不稳定性。由于大长径比 （L/D=159.5）实验段本身及实验段上游可压缩容积的存在，导致在水动力曲线负斜率区压力降型脉动的发生。分析了进口温度、倾角、质量流量、热通量等因素对不稳定性的影响，发现压力降型脉动的发生主要取决于质量流量、热通量及进口温度三者的影响，给出了以热力学平衡质量含气率表示的脉动工况界限范围。     

Buckling of jets in electrospinning

Various buckling instabilities of electrospinning jets were observed and compared with the buckling instabilities of uncharged fluid jets. Buckling instability arises due to jet compression at impingement on a collector surface and occurs independently of the electrical bending instability. The velocity, diameter, density and viscosity of the electrospinning jets are the key factors that determine the buckling frequency. The electrically charged jets impinging onto grounded, horizontal or inclined (wedge-like) electrodes moving laterally at a constant velocity are studied experimentally. Straight and bending (electrospinning) jets emerge at short and sufficiently long inter-electrode distances, respectively. The experiments show that both straight segment and bending jets, when impinging onto a counter-electrode, buckled and produced patterns of meandering deposits. In the case of bending electrospun jets these short-length buckling patterns were superimposed on the bending loops found in the deposits. Buckling-related and bending-related morphologies are easily distinguishable. The buckling patterns have frequencies of the order of 10⁵-10⁶ Hz, whereas the bending loops are formed at the frequencies of the order of 10³ Hz. The deposited buckling patterns include sinuous, zigzag-like, figures-of-eight, recurring curves, coiled and other structures that resembled many patterns created by uncharged jets of highly viscous fluids impinging a hard flat surface. In addition, several new morphologies which were not observed before with uncharged jets were found. The experimentally measured frequencies of the buckling patterns were compared to the theoretical predictions and a reasonable agreement was found.     

Mixing in Wave Processes Propagating in Gas Mixtures (Review)

A review is made of uptodate investigations in the field of physicomathematical modeling of mixing of solid particles with highvelocity gas flows arising under the action on shock waves, compression waves, and expansion waves on unstable dust deposits on the boundaries of channels or plates and in cavities, as well as on free clouds of particles. In particular, experiments in shock tubes with particles initially located in cavities and on surfaces are described. The experimental data presented in the form of distributions of particle concentrations at various points of space above the unstable layer, pressure distributions on the lower wall of the shock tube, etc., are used for verification of proposed mathematical models in regimes of single particles, interacting continua, and turbulent diffusion. An analysis of experimental and numerical data shows that the models considered sometimes allow adequate identification of the wave structure of motion of the mixture and the field of parameters inside and outside the layer.     

Continuous-velocity lattice gas cellular automata for miscible binary fluid and its application to simulation of interface instability

Continuous-velocity lattice gas cellular automata (CVLGA) is extended to miscible binary fluid systems. A new parameter is introduced in order to control the diffusivity of the fluids. The correlation between the diffusivity and the new parameter proves that there exists the maximum value of the diffusivity. Quantitative verifications of the model are carried out with numerical simulations of the diffusion phenomena across a falling fluid film. The model is then applied to the simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability during the gravitational mixing phenomena. The qualitative tendency of the growth of the interface instability is the same as that obtained in conventional numerical methods.     

Capillary jet instability under the influence of gravity

The focus of this paper is on the effect of gravity stretching on disturbed capillary jet instability. Break-up and droplet formation under low flows are simulated using finite difference solution of a one-dimensional approximation of disturbed capillary jet instability chosen from the work by Eggers and Dupont (J. Fluid Mech. 155 (1994) 289). Experiments were conducted using water and aqueous glycerol solutions to compare with simulations. We use a gravity parameter, G, which quantifies gravity stretching by relating flow velocity, orifice size and acceleration and is the reciprocal of the Froude number. The optimum disturbance frequency was found to be inversely proportional to G. However, this relationship appears to be complex for the range of G's investigated. At low G, the relationship between and G appears to be linear but takes on a weakly decaying like trend as G increases. As flows are lowered, the satellite-free regime decreases, although experimental observation found that merging of main and satellite drops sometimes offset this effect to result in monodispersed droplet trains post break-up. Viscosity did not significantly affect the relationship between the disturbance frequency and G, although satellite drops could be seen more clearly close to the upper limit for instability at high G's. It is possible to define regimes of satellite formation under low flows by considering local wavenumbers at the point of instability.     

工字型钢-混凝土连续组合梁腹板局部稳定性分析

对工字型钢-混凝土连续组合梁负弯矩区腹板在复合应力作用下的力学性能进行了研究,提出了工字型组合梁腹板在复合应力作用下的局部稳定性计算模型,建立了相应的临界屈曲应力计算公式;基于组合梁腹板的稳定性特点和偏心受压与剪切作用下的相关方程,计算了工字型组合梁腹板在复合应力状态下的弹性屈曲因数,采用势能驻值原理分析得出了连续组合梁负弯矩区腹板稳定的临界应力,提出了弹性受力阶段腹板不设横向加劲肋的高厚比限值。计算结果表明：该计算方法有广泛的适用性,且大部分情况下可以放宽对高厚比的限制,为工字型组合梁负弯矩区腹板的合理优化设计提供了参考。     

燃烧诱发热声不稳定控制的研究进展

针对贫燃预混低NOx燃气轮机的燃烧诱发热声不稳定问题,说明了燃烧热声不稳定的起源、特点和危害,详细阐述了当前燃烧热声不稳定控制研究的现状,分析了热声不稳定的被动控制和主动控制的概念、应用和各自特点。被动控制和主动控制的核心思想是一致的,通过重新设计或外加干扰解耦火焰热释放脉动与声场的相互作用。     

在挤出机口模中聚合物不稳定流动的模拟

对挤出机口模流道中高聚物的流动情况进行了分析。引用高聚物黏弹性流体本构方程,建立了高聚物在挤出机机头口模中流动的数学模型。用MathCAD软件对该模型进行了数值模拟,结果表明:机头压力、材料的松弛时间以及口模流道的几何尺寸对高聚物在机头中应力张量的变化影响较大,适当调整口模流道尺寸会有利于高聚物的稳定挤出。     

Hot-spot combustion of heterogeneous condensed mixtures. Thermal percolation

A model of combustion of heterogeneous condensed mixtures composed of reactive particles separated by an inert heat-conducting substance is considered. Propagation of the reaction in a one-dimensional periodic system of point reaction cells connected by inert thermal bridges is examined. The burning rate is determined as a function of the basic parameters of the system, and stability of the steady combustion mode is studied. It is shown that there exists a range of parameters in which the reaction propagates in an unstable manner. Combustion of the system in the instability domain is examined. It is shown that the reaction propagation loses its stability many times as the adiabatic temperature of the system decreases; in this case, the existing unsteady mode is replaced by another, more complicated mode, and the alteration of the regimes in the examined systems always proceeds as a period-doubling bifurcation. Beginning from a certain value of adiabatic temperature, the reaction-propagation process becomes stochastic. In the systems examined, there exists an ultimate adiabatic temperature, below which self-sustained propagation of the reaction in the system becomes impossible.Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 41–54, January–February, 2005.