飞行仿真系统数据可视化设计与实现

研究飞行仿真系统结果数据可视化,为验证分析飞行仿真系统结果的正确性,需要对仿真系统输出的飞行性能数据进行实时在线观测并与标准数据进行对比分析。针对飞行仿真系统对飞机飞行数据实时观测的需求,设计了一种可实时观测的飞行仿真数据可视化方案。在建立仿真系统模型的基础上,为了提高系统的可靠性和优化数据结构,提出了新的数据结构和曲线生成算法绘制实时曲线,实现了数据的可视化观测,避免了实时绘制过程屏幕的闪烁和曲线出现的锯齿。并结合飞行仿真特点,利用MapX组件技术加载了具有导航台的全国地图,对传统的电子地图显示进行了改进,实现了飞机在地图上的实时航迹观测。仿真结果表明,系统能够实时观测仿真结果并分析系统误差,实现飞行仿真数据的可视化,并可验证飞行仿真系统的正确性。     

Advanced concepts flight simulation facility

The cockpit environment is changing rapidly. New technology allows airborne computerised information, flight automation and data transfer with the ground. By 1995, not only will the pilot's task have changed, but also the tools for doing that task. To provide knowledge and direction for these changes, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Lockheed-Georgia Company have completed three identical Advanced Concepts Flight Simulation Facilities.

Many advanced features have been incorporated into the simulators — e g, cathode ray tube (CRT) displays of flight and systems information operated via touch-screen or voice, print-outs of clearances, cockpit traffic displays, current databases containing navigational charts, weather and flight plan information, and fuel-efficient autopilot control from take-off to touchdown. More importantly, this cockpit is a versatile test bed for studying displays, controls, procedures and crew management in a full-mission context. The facility also has an air traffic control simulation, with radio and data communications, and an outside visual scene with variable weather conditions. These provide a veridical flight environment to evaluate accurately advanced concepts in flight stations.     

DEVELOPMENT OF NEW THERMO-MECHANICAL SIMULATOR

A new multifunction thermo-mechanical simulator was successfully developed. The accuracy of measurement and control is very high through all digital control. More than twenty tests may bc fulfilled including tension, compression, torsion combination large deformation that meets the study of supersteel,etc.Its performance is introduced in the paper,such as designed ideas, machine structure,man-machinc interface, control system, etc.     

Delay time compensation based on coefficient of restitution for collision hybrid motion simulator

A hybrid motion simulator embeds a hardware experiment in a numerical simulation loop. However, it is often subjected to the inherent problem of an energy increase in the collision of two pieces of hardware in a loop because of the delay time. This paper proposes a delay time compensation method based on contact dynamics model for a collision hybrid motion simulator under delay time and establishes a compensation method for coupled translational and rotational motion. The model developed in this paper describes linear uniform motion of a floating object during the period of the delay time until the force and torque are observed and non-linear motion according to environmental stiffness after the initial delay time period in contact. By using the above model, compensation parameters are designed based on desired coefficient of restitution with iterative calculation. The proposed method achieves accurate delay time compensation and simultaneously realizes a variable desired coefficient of restitution over a wide range of frequencies. Furthermore, the compensation method for multi-dimensional motion is established under the assumption that the friction effect is very small. The efficiency of the proposed method is verified through collision experiments for the coupled motion in two dimensions.     

一种无人机生成平滑航迹方法的研究与实现

无人机在未来战场中占有重要地位,航迹规划直接影响其作战能力。针对无人机航迹规划算法中存在的问题,提出一种生成平滑航迹的方法。该方法解决了直角拐弯、航迹不平滑、规划航迹与实际航迹不一致的问题。最后,通过VC++6.0+mapX5.0编程实现,结果表明了该方法的优势。     

基于飞参数据的飞行仿真模型验证方法研究

仿真模型验证已成为仿真研究的有机组成部分。为了更好地对飞行训练模拟器飞行仿真模型进行可信性评估,提高飞行训练模拟器飞行仿真模型的逼真性,将飞参数据应用于验证飞行训练模拟器飞行仿真模型的可信性。提出飞行仿真模型验证的验证方案,并对方案中的飞参解译、飞参数字滤波、飞行阶段识别及飞参数据插值处理等技术进行研究。介绍仿真模型验证量化评估的方法,包括时域分析法和频域分析法,并将这几种方法应用于某型飞行训练模拟器飞行仿真模型的验证,验证结果表明,利用飞参数据验证飞行仿真模型的方法完全可行。     

Examining the Effects of Conformal Terrain Features in Advanced Head‐Up Displays on Flight Performance and Pilot Situation Awareness

Synthetic vision systems (SVS) render terrain features for pilots through cockpit displays using a GPS database and three‐dimensional graphical models. Enhanced vision systems (EVS) present infrared imagery of terrain using a forward‐looking sensor in the nose of an aircraft. The ultimate goal of SVS and EVS technologies is to support pilots in achieving safety under low‐visibility and night conditions comparable to clear, day conditions. This study assessed pilot performance and situation awareness (SA) effects of SVS and EVS imagery in an advanced head‐up display (HUD) during a simulated landing approach under instrument meteorological conditions. Videos of the landing with various HUD configurations were presented to eight pilots with a superimposed tracking task. The independent variables included four HUD feature configurations (baseline [no terrain imagery], SVS, EVS, and a combination of SVS and EVS), two visibility conditions, and four legs of the flight. Results indicated that SVS increased overall SA but degraded flight path control performance because of visual confusion with other display features. EVS increased flight path control accuracy but decreased system (aircraft) awareness because of visual distractions. The combination of SVS and EVS generated offsetting effects. Display configurations did not affect pilot spatial awareness. Flight performance was not different among phases of the approach, but levels and types of pilot SA did vary from leg to leg. These results are applicable to development of adaptive HUD features to support pilot performance. They support the use of multidimensional measures of SA for insight on pilot information processing with advanced aviation displays. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

驾驶模拟器校验实验方法的研究

设计了同等道路条件下的实车和驾驶模拟校验实验,对比分析了两种实验条件下车辆通过13个车速和8个车道横向偏移距离采集点的相关数据,分析结果表明,两种实验条件下①被试在模拟实验中的车速略高于同等条件下实车车速,但模拟器中的被试驾驶员车速选择变化反应同实车条件下基本一致;②被试倾向于沿车道左侧行驶;③通过弯道时,车速和横向偏移距离呈近似对数关系。     

飞行模拟器原型系统导航数据库的构建

为了研究开发高逼真度的飞行模拟器,并为之提供真实可靠的导航数据,提出了飞行模拟器原型系统导航数据库的数据结构要求,即机场、跑道、甚高频全向信标、仪表着陆系统、测距仪系统、中波导航台和指点信标的数据结构要求。结合FlightGear、FS2004模拟飞行导航数据库和真实机场航图,得到了完整可信的导航数据。建立了导航数据库数据结构变换函数,基于Microsoft visual studio.NET,实现了导航数据结构变换,生成了飞行模拟器原型系统可用的导航数据库数据文件,构建了完整的、可信的、数据结构合理的高级飞行模拟器原型系统导航数据库。模拟器程序的运行结果表明,采用的飞行模拟器原型系统导航数据库开发的方法是有效的、可行的。     

驾驶疲劳声音对策有效性的驾驶模拟

采用驾驶模拟实验,验证了声音刺激作为驾驶疲劳对策的有效性。通过声强、声频、持续时间和持续间隔4个因素合成不同类型的声音刺激源。选择容易出现驾驶疲劳的单调性场景和中午时分进行实验,采用眼动和驾驶员的面部特征作为驾驶疲劳的评价标准,当疲劳现象出现后启动声音刺激,分析不同类型的声音刺激前、后的脑电、心电、眼动等生理指标和驾驶操作水平的变化规律。结果表明:驾驶员在疲劳状态下,对单一声音刺激存在警觉反应,但刺激的效果不能持久,在声音刺激之后仅仅能够维持几分钟。同时发现声音类型对刺激的效果有显著影响。因此,需要进一步分析声音的各个因素对驾驶疲劳指标的影响程度,构建持续警觉的组合声音作为有效的驾驶疲劳对策。