《污水排入城镇下水道水质标准》刍议

将《污水排人城镇下水道水质标准》（CJ343—2010）与国家及地方其他相关标准进行了比较,对CJ343—2010中的几个控制指标限值的合理性进行了分析,建议将总溶解性固体（TDS）、氯化物、硫酸盐3项指标列为推荐性指标,并阐述了相关理由;建议对CJ343--2010中总铜的排放限值进行修改,并对涉及标准交叉问题进行说明,以加强立法的协调和统一．     

Determination of brominated flame retardants in food by LC–MS/MS: diastereoisomer-specific hexabromocyclododecane and tetrabromobisphenol A

The levels of the brominated flame retardants (BFRs) hexabromocyclododecane (α, β and γHBCD diastereoisomers) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) have been determined in two studies using LC–MS/MS. The methodology developed was validated in-house and used to analyse UK 2004 Total Diet Study (TDS) samples and shellfish (oysters, mussels and scallops) collected from Scotland. HBCD was detected in most samples; in both studies the αHBCD diastereoisomer was generally the most abundant as opposed to the γ diastereoisomer that tends to dominate in environmental samples and manufactured products. It is reported that selective metabolism or biotransformation of the β and γ diastereoisomers may be taking place. TBBPA was not detected in any samples above the limit of detection, which was as low as 0.05 µg kg^–1. This may be because TBBPA, unlike HBCD, is chemically bound to the polymer matrix during manufacture and not readily leached. The UK Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT) concluded that the concentrations of HBCD and TBBPA detected in the TDS study did not raise toxicological concerns and, as levels in the shellfish samples were in a similar concentration range, it was concluded that exposure to the BFRs measured is not significant when compared to exposure from the rest of the diet.     

Comparison of slow sand filtration and microfiltration as pretreatments for inland desalination via reverse osmosis

A pilot study was conducted from October 2007 to November 2010 to establish the long-term feasibility of using reverse osmosis (RO) treatment to manage salt levels in Central Arizona Project water. Pretreatments consisting of microfiltration (MF) and slow sand filtration (SSF) were compared based on performance—turbidity removal, silt density index (SDI), volume treated between cleaning events and protection of downstream RO—during side-by-side operation over a yearlong period. SSF always produced feed water that was suitable for RO treatment (SDI < 5). However, MF consistently provided filtrate with SDI < 3, and long-term RO performance improved significantly with MF as pretreatment. Although the economic costs of MF and SSF pretreatments are similar; MF is preferred based on the quality of treated water and stability of downstream RO operation.     

Novel carrier recovery scheme in multicarrier digital TV system

This work is aimed at researching and analyzing the performance of carrier recovery (CR) with two transmit antennas on a multicarrier digital TV system operating in time‐selective fading channel. It is shown in the paper that CR can correct the performance degradation caused by Doppler effect when the terminal is receiving high resolution digital TV signals in a fast moving environment. To have the ability to cover a large frequency range, the CR system should do a frequency sweep first. Then the coarse and fine frequency offset estimation is introduced. Both the theoretical and simulated results give valuable insight that the CR is able to perform well with a certain amount of channel fading. The phase and noise effect on the CR performance is also studied. The CR system and the working procedure concerning CR and timing recovery are also researched to give a full solution on synchronization. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

顶部驱动钻井装置性能述评

顶部驱动钻井装置TDS(TOP DRIVE DRILLING SYSTEM)显著提高了钻井作业的能力和效率,并已成为石油钻井行业的标准产品.从世界钻井机械的发展趋势上看,为适应钻井自动化的进步需求,硕部驱动钻井装置必将成为21世纪世界钻井机械发展的重要方向,它符合新世纪钻井自动化的历史潮流.     

Processing of composite industrial effluent by reverse osmosis

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a well‐established process for water desalination and effluent treatment and it is anticipated that its application could be extended to complex mixtures of industrial effluents. Pilot‐scale experiments using a spiral‐wound thin‐film composite (TFC) polyamide membrane were carried out to investigate the potential of RO for processing a composite effluent, which was a mixture of various wastewaters from bulk drug and pharmaceutical factories. Separation performance was evaluated at various feed pressures (0–70 bar) and feed concentrations (2–30 gdm^?3), and was found to improve with increasing pressure. High rejection of dissolved solids (～98%), COD, BOD and almost complete removal of color were achieved with reasonable flux rates and water recovery. The effect of concentration polarization and fouling on flux and rejection rates as functions of time was evaluated. An approximate cost estimate for an aerobic process vis‐à‐vis a RO membrane process for treatment of the composite effluent is presented. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

VB6.0用于TDS与IPC的冲击测量串行通信

雷电冲击测试系统试验波形参数的实时在线检测、显示与存储以及雷电冲击波形参数的自动、实时计算与管理需要在工业控制计算机(IPC)和示波器(TDS)之间进行必要的通信。为此介绍了基于Visual Basic6.0开发平台,利用TDS1k/2k示波器接口卡所带串口(RS-232)与IPC进行的数字交互软件的开发原理与过程。现场应用实现了:IPC屏幕上与示波器同步显示波形并进实时分析;分析冲击电压、电流波形各参数、统计及打印其结果;存储大量的波形、波形参数以备后期频谱分析等处理。雷电冲击波形参数测量精度符合工程应用要求。     

一种智能水质检测仪设计

针对传统的水质检测仪器存在因体积过大使用不便,检测参数单一以及不能对水质进行实时监控显示的问题,设计了一款便携式水质在线检测仪。设计以STC8A8K64S4A12单片机为控制器,由温度采集模块、pH测量模块、TDS检测模块等完成水质的温度、pH及TDS参数的检测;通过ESP8266无线模块、手机App模块的设计与应用,实现手持式监测功能,结合C语言程序设计,最终实现了一种智能型便携式的水质检测仪。测试结果表明,该系统操作简单方便,准确度较好,具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于节能的工业锅炉的最优排污控制

提出了一种节能的排污控制方法。首先根据蒸汽流量,按一定比例平滑调节排污流量,实施按需排污,同时,按电导率组建闭环控制回路,克服底部排污及给水盐浓度变化等干扰。将以上两种控制原则结合组成复合控制系统,可把锅水盐浓度持续控制在允许值的上限,使排污量降到最低,获得最大的节能減排效果。     

Investigating changes in sensory stickiness perception with age

A recent study had shown that a group of younger subjects (21–29 years) selected the term sticky at a significantly greater rate than a group of older subjects (55–70 years) using the Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) methodology with a range of nuts. It was hypothesised that differences between age groups in bolus properties was causing greater sensory stickiness intensity to be perceived by the younger subjects. The aim of the current study was to assess the physical properties of the bolus, as well as the dynamic perception of stickiness using Time Intensity (TI), of the same subjects from the previous study. Subjects undertook a mastication trial where they chewed cashews and expectorated the bolus for assessment of its physical properties. Subjects also undertook a TI task with two separate products: cashews and blended cashews (blended to a particle size that simulated a ready to swallow food bolus), without training of high and low intensity anchors of each sensation. Results showed the bolus properties and oral processing behaviour was similar between the two age groups. Results also showed the dynamics and magnitude of TI for stickiness was similar between the two age groups. The study suggests variables other than bolus properties and stickiness intensity are responsible for differences in the TDS selection of stickiness between younger and older age groups.