在热脱附实验中用微机控制四极质谱仪大规模地探测反应产物

本文介绍如何把微机和常规的四极质谱仪联机组成一系统,用该系统来收集和监察大规模质量的质谱数据(>150个质量数),并可以消除在监察过程中忽略一个或多个反应产物的可能性。这种大规模质量扫描系统对于脱附产物可以提供有用的定性讯息,而常规质谱数据采集方法还是必须的,它可提供高精度的定量数据。     

Evaluation of the physicochemical stability and skin permeation of glucosamine sulfate

Glucosamine sulfate (GS) is known to stop the degenerative process of osteoarthritis. Because most of the GS formulation on the market is in the oral form, an alternative formulation such as a transdermal delivery system (TDS) is necessary in order to increase patient compliance. As the initial step to develop a TDS of GS, the physicochemical stability and permeation study in rat skin were examined. Evaluation of the stability of GS at different pHs showed the compound to be most stable at pH 5.0. The degradation rate constant at 25°C was estimated to be 5.93 ×10^- 6 hr^- 1 (t₉₀~ 2.03 years) in a pH 5 buffer solution. Due to its hydrophilic characteristic, low skin permeability was expected of GS. However, the skin permeation rate was determined to be 13.27 µg/cm²/hr at 5% concentration. Results of this study suggest the possibility of developing GS into a transdermal delivery system.     

Degradation of Pt/PLZT/Pt capacitors caused by hydrogen in interlayer dielectrics

Abstract

A correlation between ferroelectric properties of the PLZT capacitors and amount of H₂ and H₂O gasses desorbed from interlayer dielectrics were investigated quantitatively. H₂ and H₂O gasses desorbed from interlayer dioxides were analyzed using thermal desorption spectroscopy. Polarization charges and its aging characteristics of memory array capacitors with area of 2 μm squares did not depend on amount of desorbed H₂ explicitly, but strongly on H₂O desorption. It is considered that silanol and hydroxyalkyl groups worked as hydrogen donor with catalytic activities of Pt top electrodes. As a result, hydrogen atoms should work as a major degradation agent for the imprint phenomena of memory array capacitors. Precise control of hydroxyl groups contained in the interlayer dielectrics and passivation films resulted in very small retention degradation caused by imprint phenomena, and realized high reliability and high density FRAM technologies.     

Enhancement of hydrogen isotope retention capacity for the impurity deposited tungsten by long-term plasma exposure in LHD

The stress relieved tungsten samples were placed at three positions, PI (sputtering erosion dominated area), DP (deposition dominated area) and HL (Higher heat load area) during 15th plasma experiment campaign in Large Helical Device (LHD) at National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS), Japan and were exposed to ～ 6700 shots of hydrogen plasma in a 15th long-term experiment campaign in LHD. Thereafter, the additional deuterium ion implantation to these tungsten samples was performed to evaluate the change of hydrogen isotope retention capacity in the samples by long-term plasma exposure. It was found that the carbon-dominant mixed-material layer with more than 100 nm thickness was formed on a wide area of the tungsten surface. The thicker mixed-material layer was formed on the DP sample, where the deuterium retention was about 21 times as high as that for pure W. The major desorption temperature of deuterium was shifted toward higher temperature side, which was comparable to the trapping characteristic of carbon or irradiation damages.     

地球物理测井在大型盆地地下水勘查中的应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系地下水勘查为例

介绍了利用地球物理测井数据划分含水层,解释含水层岩性、泥质含量、孔隙度和计算地下水矿化度的基本原理与方法。在鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地内,选用436眼时期相近、仪器型号类似、资料质量较高的地球物理测井数据,采用forward软件详细解译了每口单井的曲线特征,重点研究了自然电位(SP)、自然伽玛(GR)、声波(AC)和感应电阻率曲线值的变化规律,建立了测井参数与地质参数之间的转换关系,获得了含水层的岩性、厚度、孔隙度、渗透率、矿化度等水文地质参数。     

洗煤厂入洗原煤煤量均衡化系统研究

随着骆驼山选煤厂厂房标准化、生产精细化不断的推进,涌出可预见的问题迫切需要解决,在主入洗传送工艺保持不变的基础上,增加3台电子胶带秤,通过回归方程建立给煤机频率与煤流量的函数关系,通过均衡PID算法实现入洗原煤煤量的均衡,按偏差的比例（P）、积分（I）和微分（D）进行控制。对于“一阶滞后+纯滞后”与“二阶滞后+纯滞后”的控制对象,PID控制器是一种最优控制,它的参数整定方式简便,结构改变灵活,数据信息长周期记录,综合计算力求给煤机周期时长,单次生产高频运行,提高洗选工艺设备利用率。     

Differences in habitual eating speed lead to small differences in dynamic sensory perception of composite foods

Previous studies demonstrated that variability in oral processing behaviors impacts bolus properties and consequently texture and flavor perception. However, most studies followed a prescribed mastication protocol during the products’ sensory evaluations. A better understanding of how variability in habitual eating behavior impacts sensory perception of foods is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of habitual eating speed (slow vs. fast eaters) on dynamic sensory perception of composite foods. Habitual oral processing behavior of different composite foods was quantified in 105 participants. Participants were divided in fast (n = 53) and slow (n = 52) eaters using a median split. Three formulations of strawberry jams varying in viscosity and sugar content (High Sugar/Low Pectin [Control], High Sugar/High Pectin, Low Sugar/Low Pectin) were used. Composite foods were prepared by spreading jams on breads. Dynamics of dominant sensory attributes of strawberry jams presented with and without breads were evaluated using Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS). Dynamic sensory perception of jams and jam–bread combinations differed only slightly for short periods of time between habitual slow and fast eaters. The addition of breads to jams reduced especially the ability of the fast eaters to discriminate between jams differing in formulation. Slow eaters discriminated between different formulations of jams better than fast eaters, regardless of whether jams were presented alone or in combination with breads. We conclude that differences in habitual eating speed between consumers lead to small differences in dynamic sensory perception and discrimination ability of composite foods.     

松辽盆地北部地下水热对流及油气聚集模型

松辽盆地北部与油气有关的地下水活动可分为沉积水运动和渗入水初生水对流运动两个阶段。地下水矿化度在盆地边缘地区随埋深的增大而增加,中间地区则出现了低→高→低的现象,中央地区随埋深增大地下水矿化度递减。该区地下水矿化度的“倒转”分布规律是因地下水的热对流运动而形成的。根据盆地地下水热对流地质模型建立的油气聚集模型可将油气聚集场所分为3大类:盆地边缘为地下水流动急剧变化区,地下水所携带的油气在有利的圈闭中聚集成藏(C类);盆地中间为由流线Ⅲ-Ⅲ'限制的“死循环”区,流体不与外界发生交替,具有好的油气保存条件(B类);盆地中央区上部为地下水的区域排泄区,利于油气聚集(A2类),中央区下部为两个流动系统交汇区,易形成油气聚集(A1类),此处亦为无机成因气藏的可能分布区。这3类油气藏(A、B、C类)分属不同的油气系统。