DNA barcoding for identification of sand fly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) from leishmaniasis-endemic areas of Peru

Phlebotomine sand flies are the only proven vectors of leishmaniases, a group of human and animal diseases. Accurate knowledge of sand fly species identification is essential in understanding the epidemiology of leishmaniasis and vector control in endemic areas. Classical identification of sand fly species based on morphological characteristics often remains difficult and requires taxonomic expertise. Here, we generated DNA barcodes of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene using 159 adult specimens morphologically identified to be 19 species of sand flies, belonging to 6 subgenera/species groups circulating in Peru, including the vector species. Neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis based on Kimura 2-Parameter genetic distances formed non-overlapping clusters for all species. The levels of intraspecific genetic divergence ranged from 0 to 5.96%, whereas interspecific genetic divergence among different species ranged from 8.39 to 19.08%. The generated COI barcodes could discriminate between all the sand fly taxa. Besides its success in separating known species, we found that DNA barcoding is useful in revealing population differentiation and cryptic diversity, and thus promises to be a valuable tool for epidemiological studies of leishmaniasis.     

病案示踪计算机数字化管理的设计思路

目的探讨病案流通领域数字化管理的新方法。方法提出利用条形码技术,建立以计算机病案示踪管理下的病案流通控制管理系统实现计算机病案示踪管理的设计思路。结果达到病案示踪100％的精确定位,实现病案“零丢失”。结论实现病案示踪计算机数字化管理,能提高工作效率,确保服务质量,对医院病案管理实现科学化、标准化,促进医院的现代化建设具有深远意义。     

基于psbA-trnH序列的辽宁省黄精药材DNA条形码研究

目的 基于psbA-trnH序列,运用DNA条形码技术对辽宁省12个地区及省外2个地区黄精药材样本进行鉴别分析,为辽宁省黄精药材的鉴别和遗传多样性分析提供参考。方法 利用DNA试剂盒提取法,从38个黄精样本的药用部位中提取DNA,对psbA-trnH部分进行聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增及双向测序,并从GenBank下载药用植物黄精的不同来源和外群序列,运用SeqMan软件对测序结果进行拼接,使用MEGA软件对数据进行分析比对,计算K2P（Kimura 2-parameter）遗传距离,并采用邻接法（NJ）建立系统发育树进行分析。结果 根据NJ系统发育树结果可知,不同来源的所有黄精样品聚为一大支,外群猪牙花聚为一支,区别较明显;辽宁省、湖北省及贵州省黄精与美国国家生物技术信息中心（NCBI）所下载的黄精聚为一支,并且结合变异位点与遗传距离可知,辽宁省、湖北省及贵州省的黄精物种为黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Red.,种间差异较小,辽宁省所收集的黄精有4个样品出现了变异位点,其余样本碱基序列均相同。结论 使用psbA-trnH序列DNA条形码技术能够对黄精药材不同的基原植物进行区分鉴别且成功率较高,可用于对黄精属物种进行种内和种间鉴别,为保障辽宁省黄精药材来源的准确鉴定提供参考。     

条形码在实验室信息系统中的应用

目的:把条形码技术与实验室信息系统相结合,提高临床实验室的自动化程度。方法:在标本采集时贴上条形码,根据条形码来完成标本分类、传送资料、分析仪双向通讯、审核结果、查询报告、保存标本等实验室的常规操作。结果:条形码在实验室操作中唯一识别标本,与分析仪双向通讯,简化了实验室工作流程。结论:条形码技术在临床实验室中的应用,有效地提高了工作效率、结果可靠性、自动化程度,是实验室发展的方向。     

基于无线网络的门诊输液流程研究与应用

目的：设计一种能实现安全输液的全新解决方案。方法：针对目前医院门诊输液管理流程可能出现的医疗差错．结合当今各种无线电技术和智能识别技术进行分析、研究。结果：此设计有别于类似LAN技术的固定点核对输液管理模式，真正满足实际输液医疗过程的需求，实现了医护工作人员与患者之间的动态的信息核对、交换和匹配。结论：有效保证了患者的输液安全，营造了和谐就诊环境。     

Evaluation of scanning 2D barcoded vaccines to improve data accuracy of vaccines administered

Background and objectiveAccurately recording vaccine lot number, expiration date, and product identifiers, in patient records is an important step in improving supply chain management and patient safety in the event of a recall. These data are being encoded on two-dimensional (2D) barcodes on most vaccine vials and syringes. Using electronic vaccine administration records, we evaluated the accuracy of lot number and expiration date entered using 2D barcode scanning compared to traditional manual or drop-down list entry methods.MethodsWe analyzed 128,573 electronic records of vaccines administered at 32 facilities. We compared the accuracy of records entered using 2D barcode scanning with those entered using traditional methods using chi-square tests and multilevel logistic regression.ResultsWhen 2D barcodes were scanned, lot number data accuracy was 1.8 percentage points higher (94.3–96.1%, P < 0.001) and expiration date data accuracy was 11 percentage points higher (84.8–95.8%, P < 0.001) compared with traditional methods. In multivariate analysis, lot number was more likely to be accurate (aOR = 1.75; 99% CI, 1.57–1.96) as was expiration date (aOR = 2.39; 99% CI, 2.12–2.68). When controlling for scanning and other factors, manufacturer, month vaccine was administered, and vaccine type were associated with variation in accuracy for both lot number and expiration date.ConclusionTwo-dimensional barcode scanning shows promise for improving data accuracy of vaccine lot number and expiration date records. Adapting systems to further integrate with 2D barcoding could help increase adoption of 2D barcode scanning technology.     

基于UML技术的医院检验信息管理系统的设计

根据医院实际需求,采用对象建模语言（UML）开发了医院检验信息管理系统。本文详细介绍了该系统各模块的功能及其应用效果。该系统的应用提高了检验科设备的利用率,缩短了标本控制时间及故障响应时间,提高了医院检验设备的工作效率。