十种重要有机过氧化物的制备

介绍了１０ 种有机过氧化物的制备方法。     

阳离子絮凝剂PDA引发体系的研究

介绍了(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3、偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐、(NH4)2S2O8 3种引发体系引发二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DM-DAAC0与丙烯酰胺(AM)水溶液共聚合的实验研究结果,探讨了采用不同的引发体系时,聚合反应工艺条件对共聚物特性粘度的影响。     

辛烷/Span80-Tween60/丙烯酰胺/水反相微乳液聚合动力学

对辛烷／Ｓｐａｎ８０－Ｔｗｅｅｎ６０／丙烯酰胺／水反相微乳液聚合的研究表明,其反应速度快,不到３０ｍｉｎ单体转化率即可达９０％以上。聚合过程中基本不存在恒速期,聚合速率在转化率接近２０％时达到峰值后随即迅速下降。通过进一步考察单体浓度（［Ｍ］）、引发剂浓度（［Ｉ］）、乳化剂浓度（［Ｅ］）、乙酸钠浓度以及反应温度对转化率为５％时的聚合速率（Ｒｐ,５％）和最大聚合速率（Ｒｐ,ｍａｘ）以及聚合物平均相对分子质量（Ｍｖ）的影响,得到如下动力学关系式：Ｒｐ,５％∝［Ｍ］１．０２［Ｉ］０．４５［Ｅ］－０．３…     

水溶性光敏引发剂2-羟基-1-[4-(2-羟乙氧基)苯基]-2-甲基-1-丙酮

介绍了一种水溶性光敏引发剂２－羟基－１－［４－（２－羟乙氧基）苯基］－２－甲基－１－丙酮的新的合成方法,作了光谱、波谱分析,该引发剂特别适用于乳液型或胶乳型水溶性体系中的不饱和化合物的光聚合反应。新合成方法是将中间产物在四氯化碳介质中溴化,然后进行甲醇钠催化水解     

反应性乳化剂及其乳液聚合

本文总结了反应性乳化剂的几种主要类型 ,详细论述了可聚合乳化剂 (也称表面活性单体 )的乳液聚合规律以及表面活性引发剂在乳液聚合中的应用     

电点火头药剂贮存失效的组分分析

采用X-射线衍射实验,分析了电点火头在非密封加速寿命试验后各个时间点上药剂组分的变化情况。加速寿命试验温度为(60±2)℃、相对湿度为95％±3％。结果表明:该点火头药剂受潮易变质发生反应,加速寿命试验1.5天后,药剂成分基本没有发生变化;加速寿命试验3天后,Pb(SCN)2的衍射峰强度有所减弱,但没有发现新的物质;加速寿命试验6天后,药剂成分完全发生变化,变成其它新的物质;加速寿命试验9天后,点火头药剂成分除了具有与6天相同的一些物质特征峰外,还发现了PbSO4的特征峰,对药剂中的绿色生成物进行分析,确定该物质为Cr2O3。     

一种自动检查爆破网路电阻的数码电容式发爆器的研制

在普通电容式发爆器的基础上,研制出了FD—100Z能自动检查爆破网路电阻的数码电容式发爆器。该发爆器具有网路全电阻值检测和电源指示功能,操作简单,指示明确,性能稳定,造型美观,体积小,重量轻,工作时用电量小,已获国家专利。     

Thermal stability and mechanical behavior of cycloaliphatic–DGEBA epoxy blend system initiated by cationic latent catalyst

The effect of the composition of an epoxy blend based on a cycloaliphatic (CAE) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxides containing N‐benzylpyrazinium hexafluoroantimonate (BPH) as a thermal or UV latent initiator was investigated in the context of their thermal stability and mechanical properties. The compositions of a CAE–DGEBA blend were varied within 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 20:80, and 0:100 by mole percent. Latent properties were measured by the degree of conversion. As a result, the thermal stability characterized from the initial decomposition temperature (IDT), the temperature of maximum weight loss (T_max), the integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT), and the decomposition activation energies by TGA increased when the DGEBA composition was increased. According to the mechanical measurements, the flexural and tensile strengths increased with an increase of the DGEBA composition because of the compact hydrogen bond, long repeat unit, and bulky side groups of the DGEBA, while both the elastic and tensile moduli decreased. This latter result was attributed to the DGEBA intermolecular interaction, resulting in a toughened three‐dimensional network, which dispersed the internal stress. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 290–297, 2000     

聚己内酯二醇型水性聚氨酯分散液的合成和性能

聚己内酯二醇(PCL)是由己内酯开环聚合而成的性能优良独特的聚酯,由于结构的独特性,它可作为原料用于合成高性能的聚氨酯弹性体、胶粘剂、涂料等。本工作以Solvay公司CAPA系列的PCL为基础原料,合成了水性聚氨酯分散液,研究了其相应的胶体性能、力学性能以及热力学性能。研究发现,虽然引发剂在PCL中只占3.0％-4.5％,却对聚氨酯性能的影响较大,PCL的相对分子质量、软硬段比及扩链剂种类等对水性聚氨酯的性能也有影响。     

Two-component initiator systems for the ring-opening polymerization of oligomeric cyclic bisphenol-A carbonates: The in situ cleavage of disulfides by triarlyphosphines

A two-component initiator system based on the in situ cleavage of phenyl disulfide by a triarylphosphine has been developed for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic bisphenol-A (BPA) carbonate oligomers. This development has potential use in composite applications such that the prepolymer can suitably wet the composite material before being converted to high-molecular-weight polymer. The initiator precursors (phenyl disulfide and triphenylphosphine) do not independently initiate significant ring-opening polymerization of the oligomeric cyclic BPA carbonate mixture. A mixture of cyclic BPA carbonate oligomers and one of the initiator components (phenyl disulfide), combined and heated at 300°C with a mixture of the cyclics and the other initiator component (triphenylphosphine), does produce a high-molecular-weight polymer (M_w = ∼ 70,000). The polymerization-initiating species is thought to be thiophenyltriphenylphosphonium thiophenoxide. The effects of concentration of the initiator components, reaction temperature, time, and so forth on polymerization were studied; in general, the degree of polymerization ranged from about 65 to 75%. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 2251–2255, 1997