阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对高血压患者血压变异性和心率变异性的影响研究

背景 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)在高血压患者中患病率高，但诊断率低，其中心率变异性(HRV)和血压变异性(BPV)都是心血管事件相关预测因子，但目前关于OSAHS与高血压患者BPV和HRV内在联系的相关研究较少。目的 本研究旨在探讨OSAHS对高血压患者HRV、BPV的影响，并开发和内、外部验证一种通过HRV和BPV相关指标预测高血压患者OSAHS患病风险的列线图。方法 选取2018年1月—2020年12月在中南大学湘雅二医院收治的228例高血压患者作为研究对象，根据OSAHS诊断标准分为单纯高血压组(n=114)和高血压合并OSAHS组(n=114)；另外收集2021年1—2月住院的34例高血压伴或不伴OSAHS患者作为独立的外部验证组。收集研究对象的一般资料(年龄、性别、BMI等)、平均血压水平[夜间收缩压(nSBP)等]、BPV相关指标[夜间收缩压标准差(nSSD)、夜间舒张压标准差(nDSD)、24 h舒张压标准差(24 hDSD)等]、血压昼夜节律、HRV相关指标[RR间期平均值标准差(SDANN)、低频带(LF)等]、多导睡眠监测(PSG)参数[氧减指数(...     

泛免疫炎症值对可切除结直肠癌患者预后的预测价值

目的探讨泛免疫炎症值(PIV)与可切除结直肠癌患者预后的相关性并建立相关的预测模型。方法纳入753例接受原发病灶切除术且病理学诊断为结直肠癌的患者。将其随机分为训练(n=527)和测试(n=226)队列。通过时间依赖性受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线确定PIV的最佳截断值,将患者分为高水平组和低水平组,分析PIV高、低水平组与患者临床病理特征及生存情况之间的关系。卡方检验、Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox回归分析来评估预后。C指数和Brier评分评估模型的准确性。结果在总生存期(OS)的单变量模型中,高(>231)基线PIV(HR=1.627;95%CI:1.155~2.292,P=0.005)提示PIV水平可能是OS的独立预后因素。依据PIV绘制的诺模图C指数为0.823。其校准曲线显示1年和3年OS率的预测和观察结果之间具有良好的一致性,OS的Brier评分分别为0.035和0.068。结论PIV可作为可切除结直肠癌患者预后的依据,我们成功建立了一个指导结直肠癌患者临床决策的新型预后模型。     

A nomogram model based on the combination of the systemic immune-inflammation index and prognostic nutritional index predicts weight regain after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

BackgroundThe high rate of weight regain after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a great challenge. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII; calculated by neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI; calculated by albumin and lymphocytes) are widely used as prognostic factors in various diseases.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate independent the independent risk factors associated with weight regain in patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.SettingA single-center retrospective study.MethodsWeight regain was defined as the percentage of increase in body weight ≥10% in comparison with the nadir weight postoperatively. Eligible patients admitted to the bariatric center of our hospital were consecutively enrolled and grouped according to the occurrence of weight regain within 5 postoperative years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess potential risk factors. A nomogram model containing the risk factors was then constructed and evaluated by R.ResultsA total of 217 patients were enrolled, and 87 (40.1%) patients experienced weight regain. Univariate and logistic regression analyses indicated that depression (odds ratio [OR]: 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–5.22, P = .015), psychological counseling (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.20–4.33, P = .017), preoperative C-reactive protein (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.18–4.13, P = .012), and combination of SII-PNI scores (OR: .45, 95% CI: .31–.67, P < .001) were 4 independent risk factors for postoperative weight regain in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy patients. The area under the curve of the constructed nomogram model for predicting weight regain was .706.ConclusionsThis study concluded that the combination of the SII-PNI was an independent risk factor for weight regain and that the nomogram model based on the combination of the SII-PNI had a good predictive value.     

腹壁切口疝修补术后补片感染列线图预测模型构建

目的分析腹壁切口疝修补术后补片感染的危险因素，建立切口疝患者补片感染的预测模型，为临床预测切口疝修补术后发生补片感染提供一种可视化评价工具。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院就诊的475例切口疝患者的临床资料，收集患者的一般资料、手术资料、术后恢复情况，随访补片感染情况。使用Lasso回归筛选预测因子，在此基础上通过多因素Logistic回归进一步分析并建立列线图预测模型，采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积评估模型的预测效力。 结果475例接受切口疝修补手术的患者中有11例出现补片感染，发生率为2.3%。Lasso回归结合多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，体质量指数（OR=1.206，95% CI 1.034~1.407）、糖尿病史（OR=6.484，95% CI 1.233~34.108）、术后外科手术部位感染（OR=37.095，95% CI 4.253~323.532）是切口疝患者发生补片感染的影响因素（P<0.05），利用上述变量建立列线图预测模型，列线图预测模型预测补片感染发生AUC为0.880（95% CI 0.785~0.975）。 结论本研究成功建立一种具有良好预测效力的列线图预测模型，有助于提高对补片感染高危切口疝患者的早期鉴别能力，为改善切口疝患者预后提供帮助。     

PPI对PD-1抑制剂治疗肝细胞癌效果的影响—PSM分析联合Nomogram预后预测分析

目的 探讨质子泵抑制剂（PPI）对肝细胞癌（HCC）患者使用程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1（PD-1）抑制剂治疗的预后影响。方法 回顾性分析接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的148例HCC患者的临床资料，根据HCC患者PPI药物使用强度（PUD）的中位数将患者分为PPI高剂量组和低剂量组，研究PPI的使用对HCC患者总生存期（OS）的影响并分析其他可能影响生存和预后的独立危险因素，构建列线图（Nomogram）预测模型。结果 基线资料倾向性评分匹配（PSM）前，使用高剂量PPI（HR 2.32，95%CI 1.41～3.80，P=0.001）是影响接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的HCC患者OS的独立危险因素，生存曲线分析提示PPI高剂量组的HCC患者其生存时间较低剂量组短。PSM后，使用高剂量PPI（HR 2.57，95%CI 1.32～4.98，P=0.005）仍然是影响接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的HCC患者OS的独立危险因素。构建Nomogram模型预测HCC患者OS，其6、12和18个月的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.781、0.761和0.791。在预后预测方面，Nomogram预测模型与传统肿瘤分期系统相比表现出非劣势性。结论 接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的HCC患者使用高剂量PPI提示预后更差，结合包括PPI使用情况和临床特征建立的Nomogram模型对OS具有一定预测能力。     

Analysis of relative factors and prediction model for optimal ovarian response in patients with follicular phase long-acting long protocol北大核心CSCD

Objective To explore the relative factors for best ovarian response in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology with follicular phase long-acting long protocol, and to establish a Nomogram prediction model of ovarian response. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of 1289 patients who received assisted reproductive treatment in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from July 1, 2018 to July 30, 2019. According to the number of oocytes retrieved, there were 164 cases in the low ovarian response group (≤5 oocytes retrieved), 891 cases in the normal ovarian response group (the number of retrieved oocytes was >5, and ≤18), and 234 cases in the high ovarian response group (>18 oocytes retrieved). Independent factors affecting ovarian reactivity were screened by logistic regression, which were the model entry variables, and a Nomogram prediction model was established based on the regression coefficients in the model. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and antral follicle count (AFC) among the three groups [32.43±3.99, 31.48±3.89, 29.91±3.73; (2.53±1.90) μg/L, (3.79±2.20) μg/L, (5.94±3.12) μg/L; 10.24±3.10, 14.50±3.29, 19.81±3.44; all P<0.001]. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility and causes of tubal infertility (all P> 0.05). The initial dosage of gonadotropin (Gn) used for ovarian hyperstimulation among the three groups was statistically different [(182.62±53.96) U, (166.79±48.20) U, (159.13±43.92) U, P<0.001], while the duration of Gn used and clinical pregnancy rate had no significant differences (all P>0.05). Multifactorial stepwise aggression analysis showed that female age [0.93(0.90-0.96), P=0.007], AFC [1.07(1.03-1.09), P=0.001], AMH [1.29(1.20-1.39), P=0.001], basal follicle-stimulating hormone [0.79(0.73-0.86), P=0.001], luteinizing hormone value [1.11(1.06-1.23), P=0.010], initial dosage of Gn used [1.00(1.00-1.01), P=0.003], total dosage of Gn usd [1.00(0.99-1.00), P=0.001] and the presence or absence of diagnosis of endometriosis [0.63(0.47-0.86), P=0.001] and polycystic ovary syndrome [0.30(0.22-0.91), P=0.030] were independent factors for the occurrence of different ovarian responses during ovarian hyperstimulation. The prediction model of ovarian reactivity was constructed based on the above factors, and the accuracy of predicting the optimal ovarian response state was 95%. The above model was verified with 306 patients' data from August 1, 2019 to October 30, 2019 in this center, and the predicted ovarian response (number of oocytes obtained) of a total of 279 patients was consistent with the actual situation, with a coincidence degree of 91.2%. The consistency index of the model was 0.71. Conclusion We screened out the relevant factors affecting ovarian response in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology with follicular phase long-acting long protocol, and established a Nomogram prediction model of ovarian response, which could effectively, intuitively and visually predict ovarian reactivity in hyperstimulation. © 2022 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.     

长期住院精神分裂症病人骨质疏松风险预测模型的构建及验证

目的 建立长期住院精神分裂症病人骨质疏松风险预测模型，并进行验证。方法 选择2018年1月至2021年10月在眉山市中医医院长期住院的精神分裂症病人436例进行回顾性分析。收集可能引起骨质疏松的相关因素，根据病人骨量情况分为两组，比较两组病人基本资料及生化指标，并以多因素logistic回归分析长期住院精神分裂症病人骨质疏松的影响因素，以此建立列线图模型并进行验证。结果 多因素logistic回归分析结果显示：性别、年龄、服药年限、联合使用精神病药物、血钙、骨折史及血清泌乳素为长期住院精神分裂症病人骨质疏松的独立性影响因素（P<0.05）。以上述指标建立的列线图模型具有较高的区分度[ROC曲线下面积为0.70,95%CI:(0.65,0.75)]及预测准确度（平均绝对误差为0.02，预测曲线与标准曲线基本拟合）。结论 长期住院精神分裂症病人骨质疏松主要受病人性别、年龄、服药年限等7个因素的影响，基于上述因素构建的列线图模型具有较高的区分度及预测准确度。     

ICU经鼻高流量氧疗患者机械通气风险预测模型的建立北大核心CSCD

目的建立重症监护室经鼻高流量氧疗患者最终行机械通气风险的预测模型,为临床提供便捷有效的预测方法及准确的治疗时机,提高ICU患者的预后。方法回顾性收集2019年1月至2021年12月本院重症监护室收治的经鼻高流量氧疗患者为研究对象。收集患者的一般临床资料,包括入院24 h内生命体征、血气生化指标、炎症指标、急性合并症、APACHEⅡ评分、ICU住院时长及总住院时长等,对上述指标进行统计学分析并构建列线图。结果本研究最终纳入362例患者,根据最终是否行机械通气分为经鼻高流量氧疗组(HFNC组)及氧疗失败行无创正压机械通气组(noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,NIPPV组)。将两组患者基线资料进行单因素及二元Logistic多因素回归分析后,结果表明APACHEⅡ评分(OR=1.323,95%CI:1.818~1.483)、ROX指数(OR=0.371,95%CI:0.226~0.609)、总住院时长(OR=1.097,95%CI:1.003~1.200)及合并急性呼吸衰竭(OR=2.456,95%CI:1.368~4.506)是决定患者是否行机械通气的独立影响因素。基于上述独立影响因素构建列线图,通过评估及验证模型显示,该模型的拟合优度R2为0.892,C-index为0.985;模型的校准曲线与理想曲线拟合较好,列线图与各独立影响因素的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.985、0.959、0.899、0.656和0.576,表明该模型比单独指标预测风险效能更高;决策曲线分析也显示出该列线图具有极高的临床获益性。结论影响经鼻高流量氧疗患者是否行机械通相关因素较多,本文通过单因素及多因素分析后将最具有价值的指标联合,建立了预测性能较好的评估患者风险的列线图,可进一步为临床医生提供简单有效的预测方法,提高患者的预后。     

Risk factors analysis and establishment of predictive nomogram of extranodal B-cell lymphoma of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

PurposeThe role of radiation therapy in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is poorly defined. The objective of this study was to explore the factors associated with the performance of radiotherapy and to assess its prognostic impact in patients with MALT lymphoma.Patients and methodsPatients with MALT lymphoma diagnosed between 1992 and 2017 were identified in the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER). Factors associated with the delivery of radiotherapy were assessed by chi-square test. Overall survival (OS) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS) were compared between patients with and without radiotherapy, using Cox proportional hazard regression models, in patients with early stage as well as those with advanced stage.ResultsOf the 10,344 patients identified with a diagnosis of MALT lymphoma, 33.6% had received radiotherapy; this rate was 38.9% for stage I/II patients and 12.0% for stage III/IV patients, respectively. Older patients and those who already received primary surgery or chemotherapy had a significantly lower rate of receiving radiotherapy, regardless of lymphoma stage. After univariate and multivariate analysis, radiotherapy was associated with improved OS and LSS in patients with stage I/II (HR = 0.71 [0.65–0.78]) and (HR = 0.66 [0.59–0.74]), respectively, but not in patients with stage III/IV (HR = 1.01 [0.80–1.26]) and (HR = 0.93 [0.67–1.29]). The nomogram built from the significant prognostic factors associated with overall survival of stage I/II patients had a good concordance (C-index = 0.749 ± 0.002).ConclusionThis cohort study shows that radiotherapy is significantly associated with a better prognosis in patients with early but not advanced MALT lymphoma. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic impact of radiotherapy in patients with MALT lymphoma.