The provision of online public goods: Examining social structure in an electronic network of practice

Electronic networks of practice are computer-mediated social spaces where individuals working on similar problems self-organize to help each other and share knowledge, advice, and perspectives about their occupational practice or common interests. These interactions occur through message postings to produce an on-line public good of knowledge, where all participants in the network can then access this knowledge, regardless of their active participation in the network. Using theories and concepts of collective action and public goods, five hypotheses are developed regarding the structural and social characteristics that support the online provision and maintenance of knowledge in an electronic network of practice. Using social network analysis, we examine the structure of message contributions that produce and sustain the public good. We then combine the results from network analysis with survey results to examine the underlying pattern of exchange, the role of the critical mass, the quality of the ties sustaining participation, the heterogeneity of resources and interests of participants, and changes in membership that impact the structural characteristics of the network. Our results suggest that the electronic network of practice chosen for this study is sustained through generalized exchange, is supported by a critical mass of active members, and that members develop strong ties with the community as a whole rather than develop interpersonal relationships. Knowledge contribution is significantly related to an individual's tenure in the occupation, expertise, availability of local resources and a desire to enhance one's reputation, and those in the critical mass are primarily responsible for creating and sustaining the public good of knowledge. Finally, we find that this structure of generalized exchange is stable over time although there is a high proportion of member churn in the network.     

Consumer adoption of mobile TV: Examining psychological flow and media content

Mobile TV service, which provides television-like content through a mobile device, holds a limelight as the next killer application of wireless technologies and also as a prospective hedonic information technology. However, in a world where other potential wireless technologies and services speedily emerge, vendors and service providers interested in mobile TV hope that it will be diffused over the gulf between early users to general ones prior to competing sprouts. At this point, an investigation of early consumers’ adoption of mobile TV may offer precious information for its survival. Based on the theoretical assumptions of the technology acceptance model (TAM), this study examines influences of cognitive concentration (or flow experience) and media content on consumers’ acceptance of mobile TV. The results are threefold. First, results suggest that cognitive concentration (or flow experience) and content have a significant role in consumers’ intention to use hedonic information technology. Second, results show that content has a critical impact on cognitive concentration. Finally, results support the use of the extended TAM as an explainer in the context of hedonic information technology.     

面向指令Cache周期预取的代码排布方法

在含Cache的处理器中,代码排布和指令预取是减少取指延迟的常用技术.代码排布侧重研究代码执行的空间相对位置,指令预取则关注于代码执行的时间相对关系.片上Trace技术非入侵地获得程序的执行路径及时间信息,将代码执行的时空关系联系起来,因此为排布技术和预取技术的结合使用提供了基础.基于YHFT-DSP平台,利用程序运行的周期行为特性设置预取,利用VLIW结构处理器的空闲单元执行预取指令,提出以增加预取容限为目标的函数级代码排布方法.实验结果表明,该方法能有效预取并减少指令Cache失效.     

基于MDA的代码生成器设计与实现

针对如何将业务模型转换为程序代码的问题,提出一种代码生成器设计方案,用以实现模型驱动架构中代码的自动生成。介绍采用XML描述的面向业务对象的平台无关模型,在此基础上设计实现代码生成器,完成从平台无关模型到代码的自动转换,以支持在业务模型变化后系统行为的快速变化和代码的自动生成,通过实例演示该代码生成器的应用。     

基于差值扩展和纠错编码的可逆图像认证

针对一些敏感数字图像在认证水印嵌入过程中不能引入失真的问题,提出一种能够定位图像篡改块的可逆图像认证方案,利用纠错编码使认证数据能抵抗可能受到的篡改攻击,并用差值扩展的方式将编码后的认证数据嵌入到图像中。仿真实验结果表明,若认证通过,则图像可完全恢复到原始状态,否则,图像中篡改的块可被定位,并完全恢复其他未篡改的区域。     

可执行文件中子程序异常返回的识别

针对子程序异常返回对反汇编操作的干扰,提出一种能够有效对抗该技术的反汇编算法。该算法通过2遍解码流程对目标可执行程序进行扫描,模拟代码执行过程中对内存栈的操作,从而正确解码出经过混淆处理的可执行程序。通过与2款常用反汇编器IDAPro和OBJDump的反汇编结果进行比较,证明该算法能够有效地识别出子程序异常返回的情况,从而有效提高反汇编的正确率。     

基于符号化执行的Fuzzing测试方法

设计并实现一种基于符号化执行的Fuzzing测试方法。通过代码插装,在程序执行过程中收集路径约束条件,依据一定的路径遍历算法生成新路径约束条件并进行求解,构造可以引导程序向新路径执行的输入测试数据。提出一种改进的污点分析机制,对路径约束条件进行简化,提高了代码覆盖率和漏洞检测的效率。     

基于SIPN的PLC通用编程器

针对PLC编程器的缺陷,建立PLC通用编程器抽象模型,采用中间格式代码和配置文件链接生成可下载的PLC程序。利用信号解释Petri网对控制系统模型进行规格并将其转换成中间格式代码。抽象出不同机型PLC系统的特性信息,生成统一模式的XML类型配置文件。根据机型选择,通过PLC通用处理器提取相应配置文件,与中间格式代码链接,重组代码并生成与机型适配的可执行程序。     

基于函数签名的控制流监控方法

针对恶意篡改程序控制流攻击方式,提出一种监控程序控制流完整性的方法。对程序源代码进行扫描,以函数作为识别程序行为的基本粒子,利用函数调用执行的序列信息,建立表现程序原意的行为轨迹模型,利用该模型在运行期监控程序的执行流程。实验结果表明,该方法对篡改控制流的攻击起到了很好的防御作用。     

不等保护码在CBTC系统中的应用

针对轨道交通车地通信中信息对误码敏感程度不同的现象,提出利用不等保护码作为信道编码方案,为基于通信的列车控制（CBTC）系统重要信息提供更好的误码保护。采用分离最小理想的方法给出R—S码空间的构造方法,提出一种适用于具有2个保护能力等级的R—S码的译码算法——二次译码算法。仿真显示,不等保护码可以使高保护等级信息位的信噪比降低0．5dB以上。