重磁建场法在三塘湖盆地火成岩勘探中的应用

二叠系和石炭系的火山岩是三塘湖盆地重要的含油气层系,分布广泛,由于埋藏深以及侏罗系煤层和条湖组火山岩对深层地层的屏蔽作用,造成地震资料品质差,地震勘探也不能满足研究工作的需要。针对该区存在的勘探难点,提出采用高精度重磁、建场法以及重磁电震联合勘探来解决该区存在的勘探难题,通过重磁建场勘探,对盆地基底断裂、结构有了新的认识,重新划分了火成岩的分布范围,通过钻探证实,吻合性较好,取得了较好的地质效果。     

一种基于GA的动力学优化设计方法

根据动力学优化设计问题的特点并利用复合形法对传统的ＧＡ进行了改造，在此基础上提出了一种新的动力学优化设计方法。数值实验结果表明，该方法结果正，算法简洁。     

Microscopic Visualization Technique to Predict the Permeation of Organic Solvents through PVC Pipes in Water Distribution Systems

Organic contaminants may permeate through plastic pipes in water distribution systems and adversely affect the quality of drinking water. In this study, we developed a microscopic visualization technique to investigate the permeation of common organic contaminants (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and trichloroethene) through polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. By observing the propagation of organic moving fronts in the pipe materials with a light microscope, the technique was able to predict the permeation breakthrough times through PVC pipes that were determined in the pipe-bottle test. The advance of an organic moving front was found to be linearly dependent on the square-root of time and the propagation rate increased with an increase in the external organic chemical activity. Permeation of organic mixtures into PVC pipes was found to be additive in proportion to the permeation rates and volume percents of each component. In combination with a 2-year pipe-bottle test for PVC pipes exposed to premium gasoline, mathematical extrapolations based on the microscopic visualization tests predicted that PVC pipe are likely to resist permeation by commercial gasoline for the service life of the pipe.     

氧化锆氧分析仪的研制及改进

在对经典的浓差电池型氧化锆氧分析仪原理、分类和国内正在运行的仪表进行分析的基础上提出降低加热炉功率，增加和强化密封措施，改善加工工艺等手段，来延长检测器使用寿命，提高准确度，收到较好效果。     

Viscosity Measurements of “FeO”-SiO2 Slag in Equilibrium with Metallic Fe

The current study delivered the measurements of viscosities in the system “FeO”-SiO₂ in equilibrium with metallic Fe in the composition range between 15 and 40 wt pct SiO₂. The experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 1473 K to 1773 K (1200 °C to 1500 °C) using a rotational spindle technique. An analysis of the quenched sample by electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) after the viscosity measurement enables the composition and microstructure of the slag to be directly linked with the viscosity. The current results are compared with available literature data. The significant discrepancies of the viscosity measurements in this system have been clarified. The possible reasons affecting the accuracy of the viscosity measurement have been discussed. The activation energies derived from the experimental data have a sharp increase at about 33 wt pct SiO₂, which corresponds to the composition of fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄). The modified quasi-chemical model was constructed in the system “FeO”-SiO₂ to describe the current viscosity data.     

Room-Temperature Preparation of High-Transparency Low-Resistivity ITO Films by Ion Beam Sputtering

Low-temperature preparation of transparent conducting electrodes is essential for flexible optoelectronic devices. Tin-doped In₂O₃ films with high transparency and low electrical resistance were prepared at room temperature using a radiofrequency ion beam sputtering system. Specimens with a low sheet resistivity of 10⁻⁴ Ω cm and a high visible-light transmittance of 85% to 90% were obtained. Hall measurements were used to determine mobility and carrier concentration, and the effects on resistivity are discussed.     

Rapid Determination of Volatile Compounds in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gymnotheca involucrata</Emphasis> Pei. by MAE–HS-SPME Followed by GC–MS

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was developed for the rapid determination of the volatile chemical compositions of Gymnotheca involucrata Pei. The experimental parameters of the MAE–HS-SPME were optimized by orthogonal experimental design. The results indicated that the optimal experimental parameters for determination of the volatile constituents of Gymnotheca involucrata Pei. were: sample weight 2.0 g, microwave power of 400 W and irradiation time of 3.0 min. Employing these conditions, 106 volatile constituents in the dry stems and 103 volatile constituents in the dry leaves of Gymnotheca involucrata Pei. were separated and identified, amounting to 93.58 and 98.53% of the total peak areas, respectively. The major components found in the oil extracted from the stems and leaves were nerolidol (16.57, 17.50%), sabinene (3.35, 3.65%), cis, cis, cis-1,1,4,8-tetramethyl-4,7,10-cycloundecatriene (4.64, 5.03%), α-copaene-8-ol (6.01, 6.33%) and phytol (2.92, 3.03%), respectively. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of <9.0% showed that the MAE–HS-SPME method followed by GC–MS has good precision. The experimental results demonstrated that this solvent-free method is simple, time-efficient, and is a potentially suitable analytical tool for the determination of volatile compounds from vegetative and other materials.