心肌内控制释放bFGF血管再生治疗对急性心肌梗死犬心脏局部功能的影响

目的 :采用超声心动图评价心肌内控制释放碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)的血管再生治疗对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)犬局部收缩与舒张功能的影响。方法 :18只成年健康杂种犬于麻醉开胸后暴露心脏 ,结扎左前降支 (LAD)制作AMI模型。动物平均分为 3组 ,单纯心肌梗死 (MI)组 ,直接关胸 ;激光心肌血运重建 (TMR)组 ,于AMI 30min后行透壁心肌打孔 ;bFGF组 ,则于AMI 30min后行非透壁心肌打孔 ,并随后向孔道内注射含有bFGF的纤维蛋白胶 (FG)。 8周后行超声心动图检查评价局部收缩与舒张功能。结果 :与MI组相比 ,TMR组和bFGF组室间隔和 (或 )左心室前壁的局部室壁增厚率 (△T % )更大 ,局部半轴缩短率 (△H % )更高 ,左室前壁的运动幅度 (MA)更大 (均P <0 .0 5 )。而与TMR组相比 ,bFGF组室间隔与左室前壁的△T %更大 ,左室前壁的MA更大 (均P <0 .0 5 )。另外 ,采用组织多普勒成像 (DTI)技术评价左心室前壁局部舒张功能发现 ,bFGF组的左室前壁运动频谱E/A比值明显高于MI组 ,而TMR组与MI组相比无明显差异。结论 :采用FG在心肌内控制释放bFGF的血管再生治疗能显著改善犬AMI局部的收缩与舒张功能 ,其疗效明显优于TMR。     

食管造影及温度监测指导环肺静脉消融治疗心房颤动

Objective Because of the severe consequences of an atrial esophageal fistula,it is vital to avoid this complication. The most safe way is to avoid ablating the segment of esophagus behind left atrium (LA). What we do is to image the relationship of esophagus to posterior LA wall and real-time esophageal tem-perature monitoring to ablate the posterior LA wall. Methods Sixty-four patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrilla-tion (PAF) were enrolled to pulmonary veins (PV) isolation. Swallowing a radiocontrast agent at the same time when imaging of LA to observe the relationship of esophagus to posterior LA wall and according to the different relationship between the segment of esophagus behind LA and PV, the esophagus were divided into type Ⅰ , type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. A esophageal temperature probe was inserted and advanced into the esophagus directly posterior to the LA. Three steps ablation strategy and real-time esophageal temperature monitoring were applied to guide the PV isolation. The procedure was interrupted when the esophageal temperature was 39℃ until] the tempera-ture renormalized and ended when PV were isolated. Results There were 48 type ⅠI , 11 type Ⅱ and 5 type Ⅲ esophagus in the 64 patients. After three steps ablation,all PV isolations were completed. Only 18.8% of the patients needed to ablate the posterior LA close to the esophagus. Conclusion Only one PV ostiolum close to the posterior LA wall in most PAF patients and many of them can achieve complete PV isolation without ablating the posterior LA close to esophagus which could minimize the risk of esophageal injury dramatically.     

松弛素与肾脏疾病

肾脏纤维化是各种肾脏疾病进展到慢性肾衰竭的共同途径和主要病理基础.松弛素是目前新发现的具有抗纤维化效应的激素,它是内源性肾脏保护因子,可通过抑制胶原合成、增加胶原降解延缓肾脏纤维化进程,同时给予外源性重组松弛素可以逆转已形成的纤维化症.此外松弛素还有扩张肾脏血管、增加器官血供、改善凝血状态等作用.     

缺血预适应在经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术中的应用

对２６例冠心病患者随机分为预适应组（１４例）和对照组（１２例），分别观察经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（ＰＴＣＡ）中心绞痛及心电图变化和术后心绞痛及运动心电图。结果显示：预适应组术中心绞痛积分和ＳＴ段抬高幅度均显著低于对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０５），心绞痛及ＳＴ段抬高出现时间均显著迟于对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后随访６个月，预适应组心绞痛及运动心电图阳性例数显著低于对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明缺血预适应不但可以减轻ＰＴＣＡ中心肌缺血的程度，而且也能降低术后心肌缺血的复发。     

食管造影及温度监测指导环肺静脉消融治疗心房颤动

Objective Because of the severe consequences of an atrial esophageal fistula,it is vital to avoid this complication. The most safe way is to avoid ablating the segment of esophagus behind left atrium (LA). What we do is to image the relationship of esophagus to posterior LA wall and real-time esophageal tem-perature monitoring to ablate the posterior LA wall. Methods Sixty-four patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrilla-tion (PAF) were enrolled to pulmonary veins (PV) isolation. Swallowing a radiocontrast agent at the same time when imaging of LA to observe the relationship of esophagus to posterior LA wall and according to the different relationship between the segment of esophagus behind LA and PV, the esophagus were divided into type Ⅰ , type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. A esophageal temperature probe was inserted and advanced into the esophagus directly posterior to the LA. Three steps ablation strategy and real-time esophageal temperature monitoring were applied to guide the PV isolation. The procedure was interrupted when the esophageal temperature was 39℃ until] the tempera-ture renormalized and ended when PV were isolated. Results There were 48 type ⅠI , 11 type Ⅱ and 5 type Ⅲ esophagus in the 64 patients. After three steps ablation,all PV isolations were completed. Only 18.8% of the patients needed to ablate the posterior LA close to the esophagus. Conclusion Only one PV ostiolum close to the posterior LA wall in most PAF patients and many of them can achieve complete PV isolation without ablating the posterior LA close to esophagus which could minimize the risk of esophageal injury dramatically.     

三维标测与肺静脉环状标测联合应用于心房颤动导管消融术

目的　探讨左心房三维电解剖标测与肺静脉环状标测联合指导下行心房颤动 (房颤 )导管消融术治疗房颤的可行性。方法　连续 14例药物治疗无效的房颤患者 ,男 10例 ,女 4例 ,平均年龄 5 2 4± 12 8(2 8～ 74 )岁 ,平均左心房内径 4 6 7± 5 4mm。其中阵发性房颤 10例、永久性房颤 3例、持续性房颤 1例。首先在三维标测系统指导下行左心房基质改良术 ,然后在肺静脉环状标测指导下行肺静脉节段性消融术。消融终点包括以下三点 :(1)完成所有预设的左心房消融径线 ;(2 )全部肺静脉均达电隔离 ;(3)阴性诱发结果。结果　 (1) 10例 (71 4 % )阵发性房颤达到消融终点 ;(2 )手术的总操作时间和X线曝光时间分别为 2 92± 4 9min和 5 4± 9min ;(3)随访 5 2± 5 7(1～ 2 3)周 ,7例 (5 0 % )阵发性房颤患者可以无需抗心律失常药物而维持窦性心律 ,3例 (2 1 4 % )阵发性房颤发作显著减少 ,4例 (2 8 6 % )持续性 永久性房颤仍为房颤 ;(4 )术中及随访期无任何操作相关并发症。结论　左心房三维标测与肺静脉环状标测联合应用于房颤的导管消融术安全可行 ,对于左心房增大的阵发性房颤患者具有一定效果     

不同肺静脉电学隔离方法治疗心房颤动的对比研究

目的比较普通温控消融导管节段性消融肺静脉开口、冷盐水灌注消融导管节段性消融肺静脉开口、超声球囊导管环状消融肺静脉开口的即刻成功率、30min复发率和并发症.     

心房颤动导管消融术中肺静脉狭窄的预防

目的探讨心房颤动(简称房颤)导管消融术肺静脉狭窄的预防措施.     

左束支传导阻滞及右室起搏对肥厚梗阻型心肌病的影响

经心导管及心脏超声观察２１例肥厚梗阻型心肌病（ＨＯＣＭ）病人左束支传导阻滞（ＬＢＢＢ）和右室起搏对心脏血流动力学及结构的影响，其中阻滞组９例，无阻滞组１２例．结果：阻滞组临床症状明显轻于无阻滞组（Ｐ＜０．０５），左室收缩压和左室收缩末期内径、收缩期二尖瓣前向运动、左室流出道压力阶差均低于无阻滞组，心脏指数高于无阻滞组（Ｐ＜０．０５），两组起搏后各项指标无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．认为合并ＬＢＢＢ可减轻ＨＯＣＭ病人临床症状和血流动力学变化．     

心肌缺血预适应对心肌梗死的影响

目的观察缺血预适应对心肌梗死的影响。方法９８例老年患者按梗死前心绞痛病史不同分为远期组（Ⅰ组，２３例）、近期组（Ⅱ组，２５例）、远及近期组（Ⅲ组，２８例）和无预适应组（Ⅳ组，２２例）。分别观察心肌缺血和心肌梗死范围、心律失常发生率及病死率。结果心肌梗死／心肌缺血范围，Ⅰ组（５９．４％±１４．９％）、Ⅱ组（６０．４％±１４．１％）及Ⅲ组（３４．６％±７．８％）均小于Ⅳ组（７２．８％±１７．３％，Ｐ值均＜０．０５），Ⅲ组也小于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（Ｐ值＜０．０５）。心律失常发生率，Ⅱ组（１６．０％）和Ⅲ组（１０．７％）低于Ⅰ组（５２．２％）和Ⅳ组（６８．２％，均为Ｐ值＜０．０５）。病死率各组差异无显著性（ｘ２＝７．３８８，Ｐ值＞０．０５）。结论远期和近期缺血预适应都能减少心肌梗死范围，但只有近期缺血预适应能缩小心律失常的发生。