Effects of non-thermal plasma treating wheat kernel on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles

The effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles ( FWN) were investigated. The results showed that NTP effectively decreased the total plate count (TPC), yeast and mould count (YMC) and Bacillus spp. in wheat flour. Wet gluten contents and the stability time reached the maximum when treated for 20 s. The viscosity of starch increased significantly after treatment due to the increased of damaged starch. The contents of secondary structure were altered to some extent, which was because that the ordered network structure of gluten protein broken. Furthermore, compared with the control, texture properties of FWN were enhanced significantly at 20 s, and the darkening rate of FWN was greatly inhibited due to the low polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. Consequently, the most suitable treatment was 500 W for 20 s, providing a basis for the application of NTP in flour products.     

基于ERNIE-BiGRU模型的摘要语步自动识别研究

学术文献的摘要是对文献主要内容的浓缩,摘要不同部分的语步具有不同的信息,语步的自动识别和抽取对于学术摘要的后续研究有着重要的应用价值,而目前语步识别的研究相对较少,并且相关算法的效果还需要提高。针对上述问题,该文提出了一种基于ERNIE-BiGRU模型的语步识别算法。该算法首先结合中文句法分析理论提出基于句法依存关系的多语步结构拆分法,对学术文献摘要多语步结构进行自动拆分,获得多个单语步结构;然后构建用于训练的单语步结构语料库,并利用知识增强语义表示预训练模型,训练出句子级词向量;最后将训练出的单语步结构词向量信息输入双向门限循环单元(BiGRU)进行摘要语步自动化识别,取得了良好的效果。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的鲁棒性和较高的识别精度,在结构化和非结构化摘要上的识别准确率分别达到了96.57%和93.75%。     

Enhanced thermal conductivity and stability of boron nitride/phenyl silicone rubber composites via surface modification and grain alignment

Journal of Materials Science - With the extensive use of high-power electronic appliances, polymer-based thermal insulation composites with excellent thermal properties are utilized in the field of...     

Hydrogeochemical Processes and Inverse Modeling for a Multilayer Aquifer System in the Yuaner Coal Mine,Huaibei Coalfield,China

Coal mining can dramatically change hydrogeological conditions and induce serious environmental problems. Fifty groundwater samples were collected from the main aquifers in the Yuaner coal mine (Anhui Province, China). The results show that the main hydrogeochemical processes in the mine include dissolution, precipitation, pyrite oxidation, desulfurization, and cation exchange. The Neogene porous aquifer is affected by groundwater flow conditions; its main hydrogeochemical processes are dissolution of carbonate minerals and gypsum, and cation exchange. The Permian coal measure’s fractured sandstone aquifer was confirmed to be controlled by the region’s geological structure; its main hydrogeochemical processes are desulfurization and cation exchange. The Carboniferous Taiyuan limestone aquifer was determined by both groundwater flow conditions and regional geological structure; its main hydrogeochemical processes are dissolution of carbonate minerals and gypsum, pyrite oxidation, and cation exchange. Additionally, hydrogeochemical inverse modeling of the groundwater flow path confirm the hydrochemistry results and principal component analysis.

     

中药桂枝总黄酮的提取工艺研究

优化桂枝总黄酮的提取工艺，建立桂枝的提取和含量测定方法。通过单因素试验，考察提取方法、提取溶剂浓度、提取体积、提取时间对药材总黄酮含量的影响，采用正交试验，优化提取工艺条件，筛选出桂枝总黄酮的最佳提取工艺。总黄酮最佳提取工艺为75%乙醇、料液比1:40、回流提取时间60 min。该方法能有效测定桂枝药材总黄酮的含量，为该药材的质量标准研究提供一定的科学依据。本方法重复性较好、方法稳定、可行。     

Theoretical study on a kind of cyclization mechanism of boron trichloride and hexamethyldisilazane to form the borazine ring for SiBCN ceramics precursor

Borazine rings act as a pivotal part in siliconboroncarbonitride ceramics (SiBCN) for high-temperature stability and great resistance to crystallization. A detailed investigation of the ring formation mechanism will guide the design and synthesis of SiBCN to meet application requirements under extreme conditions. Boron trichloride (BCl₃) and hexamethyldisilazane (HN(SiMe₃)₂) are common raw materials for the synthesis of precursors for SiBCN. In this paper, quantum chemical calculation was used to study the cyclization reaction mechanism between BCl₃ and HN(SiMe₃)₂ to form trichloroborazine (TCBZ) at the MP2/6-31G (d,p) level of theory. We discussed the structure properties, reaction pathways, energy barriers, reaction rates, and other aspects in detail. The results show that BCl₃ and HN(SiMe₃)₂ alternately participate in the reaction process, accompanied by the release of trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), and that the entire reaction shows an absolute advantage in terms of energy. In the Step by step reaction, lower reaction barriers are formed due to the introduction of BCl₃ with more heat released compared to that for the introduction of HN(SiMe₃)₂. The final single-molecule cyclization and TMCS elimination steps are found to be faster compared to all previous bimolecular reactions.     

一株产羧酸酯酶菌的鉴定及酯酶特征的研究

目的:鉴定中国白酒发酵过程中的微生物种类，研究关键酶的特征与作用机制有利于提高白酒的优质品率。方法:本研究用形态学和生理学、16S rRNA、gyr B基因和antiSMASH分析的方法对酒曲中的一株微生物进行了验证；对该菌株的特性进行了研究，采用分子建模的方法获得了羧酸酯酶的3D模型，用分子对接的方法探讨了该菌株的羧酸酯酶的机理。结果:该菌株为产羧酸酯酶的革兰氏阴性菌Pb1（MW580690）；该菌株呈现典型的S型生长曲线，产物曲线为S型，羧酸酯酶活化最优pH范围为5.0~9.0。分子对接结果显示Phe21A为该酶具有催化活性的主要氨基酸，水解三丁酸甘油酯为丁酸和甘油。分子对接结果显示三丁酸甘油酯经过构象变化被转移到催化中心后，进一步被加工；酶的亲水性和疏水性的相互作用表面有利于配体向下转移，进而从疏水性通道释放产物到的酶表面。结论:产羧酸酯酶的菌株为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌，并为羧酸酯酶水解三丁酸甘油酯类物质的底物识别、转移和催化机理提供了新的见解。     

Display illumination with modulated directional backlight

Illumination is essential for modern life as colorful world is perceived by human visionary system. Display technology has been developing rapidly in recent decades, and the basic principle is related to the way that the image is illuminated and light is emanated. Traditional illumination is provided by different types of light sources, and the display image is visible in large viewing space until the emanating light decays to zero. This work proposes and demonstrates a novel illumination scheme for a display in which the displaying images are visible only in specific spatial regions. The directional backlight ensures the image propagating to specific direction while imaging visibility can be controlled to terminate abruptly at certain distance from the display screen while exerting no influence to nearby regions. The working principle for such an illumination scheme is the use of the modulated coherent directional backlight through an axicon lens. It is shown that the illumination scheme can robustly deliver carried image information to the designated viewing region. This new illumination scheme has many advantages over conventional illumination, including its usage for personal display, very lower energy consumption, as well as minimizing light hazard pollution.