Anti-collusion fingerprinting for multimedia

Digital fingerprinting is a technique for identifying users who use multimedia content for unintended purposes, such as redistribution. These fingerprints are typically embedded into the content using watermarking techniques that are designed to be robust to a variety of attacks. A cost-effective attack against such digital fingerprints is collusion, where several differently marked copies of the same content are combined to disrupt the underlying fingerprints. We investigate the problem of designing fingerprints that can withstand collusion and allow for the identification of colluders. We begin by introducing the collusion problem for additive embedding. We then study the effect that averaging collusion has on orthogonal modulation. We introduce a tree-structured detection algorithm for identifying the fingerprints associated with K colluders that requires O(Klog(n/K)) correlations for a group of n users. We next develop a fingerprinting scheme based on code modulation that does not require as many basis signals as orthogonal modulation. We propose a new class of codes, called anti-collusion codes (ACCs), which have the property that the composition of any subset of K or fewer codevectors is unique. Using this property, we can therefore identify groups of K or fewer colluders. We present a construction of binary-valued ACC under the logical AND operation that uses the theory of combinatorial designs and is suitable for both the on-off keying and antipodal form of binary code modulation. In order to accommodate n users, our code construction requires only O(/spl radic/n) orthogonal signals for a given number of colluders. We introduce three different detection strategies that can be used with our ACC for identifying a suspect set of colluders. We demonstrate the performance of our ACC for fingerprinting multimedia and identifying colluders through experiments using Gaussian signals and real images.     

Pack cementation process for the formation of refractory metal modified aluminide coatings on nickel-base superalloys

The vapour phase compositions of a series of pack powder mixtures containing elemental Al and Hf or W powders as depositing sources and CrCl₃·6H₂O or AlF₃or CrF₃as activators were analysed in an attempt to further develop the pack cementation process to codeposit Al and Hf or W to form diffusion coatings on nickel base superalloys. The results suggested that Al could be codeposited with Hf, but not with W, from the vapour phase. Compared with both AlF₃and CrF₃, CrCl₃·6H₂O has been shown to be a more suitable activator for codepositing Al with Hf. The optimum coating temperature was identified to be in the range of 1050°C to 1150°C. Based on the thermochemical analysis, a series of coating deposition studies were undertaken, which confirmed that codeposition of Al and Hf could be achieved at a deposition temperature of 1100°C in the CrCl₃·6H₂O activated packs containing elemental Al and Hf powders. The coating obtained had a multilayer structure consisting of a Ni₇Hf₆Al₁₆top layer and a NiAl layer underneath, followed by a diffusion zone, which revealed that the coating was formed by the outward Ni diffusion. It is suggested that the compositions suitable for codeposition of Al and Hf could be effectively identified by comparing the vapour pressures of HfCl₄and HfCl₃with that of AlCl in the packs activated by chloride salts. It has also been experimentally demonstrated that, although W could not be deposited from the vapour phase, a high volume of fine W particles can be entrapped into the outer NiAl coating layer formed by the outward Ni diffusion using a modified pack configuration. This leads to the formation of a composite coating layer with W particles evenly distributed in a matrix of NiAl. It is suggested that this modified pack process could be similarly applied to develop nickel aluminide coatings containing other refractory metals that may not be codeposited with Al from the vapour phase.     

Analysis of the Scattering Characteristic of Several Waveguide Components Using Boundary Element Method

Several kinds of waveguide components such as curved waveguide bends, arbitrary angle waveguide bends and T-junctions have been analyzed with boundary element method in this paper. A new discretization method for the boundary element method to solve the waveguide discontinuities has been given. The numerical results obtained agree well with the experimental results and numerical results in other literature. Especially, the scattering characteristics of Forded E-, H-plane T-junctions in 3mm band have been analyzed using boundary element method and the calculation results are presented.     

钻井井喷失控井喷流出口速度预测方法研究

失控井喷流出口速度、喷口内压力、喷层产量都是井喷失控处理方案设计、作业施工中重要的基础数据。由于井喷失控井井口环境条件复杂，井喷失控后无法在井口安装测量仪表及在高速喷流中放入参照物，不能直接获取以上数据。文章利用地质、钻井过程获得的地层物性参数和气体动力学方程，探讨井喷失控井天然气喷流在不同井筒流动尺寸及组合的喷流速度预测模型，可应用薄剪切模型或RNG修正的k-ε模型定量描述速度场、温度场、浓度场颁。为井喷失控井处理方案设计、施工作业提供基础数据。     

TEM Studies of High Temperature Corrosion Behaviour of TiAl Intermetallics with Surface Modifications

The oxidation/sulphidation behaviour of a Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy with a TiAl₃ diffusion coating was studied in an environment of H₂/H₂S/H₂O at 850^oC. The kinetic results demonstrate that the TiAl₃ coating significantly increased the high temperature corrosion resistance of Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si. The SEM, EDX, XRD and TEM analysis reveals that the formation of an Al₂O₃ scale on the surface of the TiAl₃‐coated sample was responsible for the enhancement of the corroison resistance. The Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy was also modified by Nb ion implantation. The Nb ion implanted and as received sampels were subjected to cyclic oxidation in an open air at 800^oC. The Nb ion implantation not only increased the oxidation resistance but also substantially improved the adhesion of scale to the substrate.     

-100kV／10MW全固态刚管调制器

介绍了一种 -10 0kV/10MW全固态刚管调制器的方案和工作原理。简要概述了其各个组成部分、调制器的高电位隔离、IGBT驱动电路、辅助供电以及保护电路的设计与原理。与采用电子管为开关的调制器的主要性能指标进行了对比 ,讨论了这种类型调制器在雷达发射机中应用的前景     

Fatigue crack growth in SiC particulates reinforced Al matrix graded composite

The SiC/Al graded composite was fabricated by powder metallurgy processing and its fatigue crack growth behavior was studied. The volume percentage of SiC particulates was distributed from 5 to 30% layer by layer on the cross section. Since the aluminium was dissolved together, there was no evident interface between the two layers with different volume fraction of SiC particulates. Fatigue crack growth was in direction of from 5 to 30% SiC layers under sinusoidal wave-form. The retardation of fatigue crack growth was found when crack propagated from low volume fraction of SiC to high volume fraction of SiC. The crack deflection and branching between two layers were observed, which decreased crack growth rates. In view of crack tip driving force, the plasticity mismatch between the layers shielded crack tip driving force, i.e. decreased the effective J-integral at the tip of the crack as the plastic zone of the crack tip spread from the weaker material into the stronger material.     

利用AutoCAD编制电气CAD

介绍如何利用AutoCAD开发适合电气专业使用的CAD系统，通过编制电气CAD的功能菜单，构造电气元件库，增强CAD的专业性能。编制电气CAD可以有效地统一本单位电气制图标准，方便电气工程师使用CAD进行专业设计。