盐酸克林霉素合成工艺改进

采用新工艺合成克林霉素,流程短,收率高,重量收率比传统工艺提高了21.55个百分点,可达88.0%,产品质量符合中国药典2000版标准.     

乙烯废碱液处理装置存在问题分析及改进措施

分析了中国石油大庆石化分公司废碱液处理装置设备及管材存在问题的原因,提出了解决措施。此外针对装置运行中产生的有关问题,对其工艺进行了改进,其结果使装置能力在原设计的基础上提高到200%。     

Association-Based Active Access Control models with balanced scalability and flexibility

In existing Active Access Control (AAC) models, the scalability and flexibility of security policy specification should be well balanced, especially: (1) authorizations to plenty of tasks should be simplified; (2) team workflows should be enabled; (3) fine-grained constraints should be enforced. To address this issue, a family of Association-Based Active Access Control (ABAAC) models is proposed. In the minimal model ABAAC₀, users are assigned to roles while permissions are assigned to task-role associations. In a workflow case, to execute such an association some users assigned to its component role will be allocated. The association's assigned permissions can be performed by them during the task is running in the case. In ABAAC₁, a generalized association is employed to extract common authorizations from multiple associations. In ABAAC₂, a fine-grained separation of duty (SoD) is enforced among associations. In the maximal model ABAAC₃, all these features are integrated, and similar constraints can be specified more concisely. Using a software workflow, case validation is performed. Comparison with a representative association based AAC model and the most scalable AAC model so far indicates that: (1) enough scalability is achieved; (2) without decomposition of a task, different permissions can be authorized to multiple roles in it; (3) separation of more fine-grained duties than roles and tasks can be enforced.     

不同因素对浸入式水口预热温度场的影响

运用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS的FLO TRANCFD模块对浸入式水口在抽风式预热烘烤方式下的瞬态传热过程及影响水口预热温度场的各种因素进行了研究 ,得到了该烘烤方式下水口预热后的温度场分布和水口的升温曲线。研究结果表明 :影响水口预热温度的最主要因素是抽风流量和烘烤箱的几何尺寸 ;适当提高抽风流量、减小烘烤箱的几何尺寸可以大大提高水口颈部的预热温度 ,从而降低浸入式水口的事故率     

NBR/PCMO共混体系中的接枝反应

利用傅立叶转换红外光谱仪和相差显微镜等仪器对NBR／氯化聚醚(PCMO)共混物的化学结构和微观形态进行分析。研究表明，NBR／PCMO共混物在高温混炼过程中发生了接枝反应，接枝产物起到了相容剂的作用，增大了两相的相容性，从而提高了共混物的物理性能、耐热空气老化性能及耐臭氧老化性能。     

CPP膜专用树脂的开发

结合聚丙烯生产装置和市场的特点,有针对性地提出流延聚丙烯膜专用树脂YPF 3008的开发目标,控制熔体流动速率、树脂产品的均匀性、等规指数及灰分等,成功生产了YPF 3008。经加工厂家应用表明,该树脂能满足进口流延膜生产线的高速加工。     

Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermal stability of La2O3-coated LiCoO2

An enhanced electrochemical performance LiCoO₂ cathode was synthesized by coating with various wt.% of La₂O₃ to the LiCoO₂ particle surfaces by a polymeric method, followed by calcination at 923 K for 4 h in air. The surface-coated materials were characterized by XRD, TGA, SEM, TEM, BET and XPS/ESCA techniques. XRD patterns of La₂O₃-coated LiCoO₂ revealed that the coating did not affect the crystal structure, α-NaFeO₂, of the cathode material compared to pristine LiCoO₂. TEM images showed a compact coating layer on the surface of the core material that had an average thickness of about ∼15 nm. XPS data illustrated that the presence of two different environmental O 1s ions corresponds to the surface-coated La₂O₃ and core material. The electrochemical performance of the coated materials by galvanostatic cycling studies suggest that 2.0 wt.% coated La₂O₃ on LiCoO₂ improved cycle stability (284 cycles) by a factor of ∼7 times over the pristine LiCoO₂ cathode material and also demonstrated excellent cell cycle stability when charged at high voltages (4.4, 4.5 and 4.6 V). Impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the enhanced performance of the coated materials is attributed to slower impedance growth during the charge-discharge processes. The DSC curve revealed that the exothermic peak corresponding to the release of oxygen at ∼464 K was significantly smaller for the La₂O₃-coated cathode material and recognized its high thermal stability.     

3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠的合成研究

以环氧氯丙烷和亚硫酸氢钠为原料合成了3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠,探讨了磺化剂种类及用量,溶剂水的用量,反应温度,反应时间对产率的影响,并用红外光谱及元素分析对产物的结构进行表征。实验表明,磺化剂宜用亚硫酸氢钠;亚硫酸氢钠/环氧氯丙烷比越大,水的用量,反应温度,反应时间适中时,产率越高,最高产率为40.7%;产物的熔点为2531℃。     

“LOGO”在塑料机械中的应用

把可编程控制器“PLC”中“LOGO”集成块应用于塑料机械中,把可编程序输入到“LOGO”,来表达电器线路对塑料制品的记数和裁刀部分进行自动控制。     

Chemical reactions,thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy — Polycarbonate blends cured with aromatic amines

Bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) has been incorporated into epoxy resin cured with 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulphone (DDS) and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM). IR spectra reveal that transesterification and transamidation occur between the carbonate group of PC and the hydroxyl group of cured epoxy resin for the DDM-cured system, and that only transesterification occurs for the DDS-cured system. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) show no evidence of phase separation in these cured systems, which is an indication of full miscibility between the bisphenol-A monomers and PC-oligomers with the copolymer network. The mechanical strength and glass transition temperature (T_g) fluctuate with PC content, whereas the flexural modulus shows a steadily increasing tendency.