Both A chain and B chain of beta-bungarotoxin are functionally involved in the facilitation of spontaneous transmitter release in Xenopus nerve-muscle cultures.

In the present study, Xenopus nerve-muscle cultures were used to explore the functional roles of A chain (a phospholipase A(2) subunit) and B chain (a non-phospholipase A(2) subunit) of Bungarus multicinctus beta-bungarotoxin. It was found that beta-bungarotoxin induced an increment of the frequency of spontaneous synaptic currents (SSCs) in the nerve-muscle cultures. Modification of beta-bungarotoxin with pyridoxal-5'-phosphate or substitution of Ca(2+) with Ba(2+) in buffer abolished the phospholipase A(2) activity of beta-bungarotoxin and the facilitatory phase of SSC as well. Antibodies that were directed specifically against A chain or B chain effectively inhibited phospholipase A(2) activity, and as a consequence the SSC frequency was not greatly different from the control rate. These results suggest that both A and B chains are indispensable parts of beta-bungarotoxin for inducing the facilitation of SSC frequency with Xenopus nerve-muscle cultures.     

地黄饮子对海马神经元损伤即早基因c-jun和c-fos表达的影响

目的:探讨古方地黄饮子对β淀粉蛋白(Aβ25-35)所致离体海马神经元损伤时即早基因c-iun和c-fos表达的调控作用.方法:把体外培养的大鼠海马神经细胞分为正常组、模型组、VitE脑脊液对照组、地黄饮子脑脊液低、中、高剂量组,6组分别加入正常培养液、正常脑脊液、VitE脑脊液、中药脑脊液低、中、高剂量,继续孵育2h.然后除正常组加入等量培养液外,其他各组加入经老化处理的Aβ25～35(终浓度为10μmol/L)共同孵育1h,胰蛋白酶消化,离心收集细胞,提取总RNA.应用RT-PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法测定c-iun和c-fos基因的表达.结果:地黄饮子脑脊液能剂量依赖性地降低受损海马神经元c-iun和c-fos基因的表达.结论:地黄饮子脑脊液能有效降低海马神经元受到神经毒损伤时的应激反应,降低c-jun、c-fos基因对神经元的损伤作用.     

中医色诊研究及光子学技术在色诊中的应用

简要地阐述了中医色及色诊的基本概念及其临床意义,以及目前中医色诊的主要研究方向及其进展,探讨了光子学技术在中医色诊中的应用及其主要研究内容,以期光子学技术促使色诊技术向微量化、自动化和快速化的方向发展,提供中医诊断的新手段、新方法和新仪器,为中医药学的现代化探求新的方向与前景.     

矫形药枕治疗颈椎病临床研究

为观察矫形药枕治疗各型颈椎病的疗效,将200例颈椎病按来诊顺序随机分为两组,以针灸治疗为对照组,以针灸加药枕矫形治疗为观察组.结果显示两组资料经统计学处理,总有效率及治愈率均有明显差异(P＜0.01),具有非常显著意义.表明矫形药枕治疗颈椎病有确切疗效.     

尼美舒利治疗类风湿关节炎的临床研究

目的　研究新型非甾体类抗炎药尼美舒利治疗类风湿关节炎 (rheumatoidarthritis,RA)的疗效及安全性。方法　在全国范围内组织了开放性、多中心临床试验 ,采用随机试验方法 ,研究了尼美舒利对 6 4 6例RA病人的疗效、耐受性及不良反应。尼美舒利口服 1 0 0mg ,1d 2次 ,疗程为 4wk ,其中30 2例病人连用 8wk。结果　 4wk时治疗 6 4 6例RA病人的总有效率为 84 2 1 % ,8wk时治疗 30 2例病人的总有效率为94 70 %。 4wk时 6 4 6例中不良反应发生率为 1 7 4 9% ,其中 ,2例为重度不良反应 ,1 4例为中度不良反应 ,其余为轻度。 8wk时 30 2例中不良反应发生率为 1 8 5 4 % ,其中 7例为中度不良反应 ,余为轻度。结论　尼美舒利治疗RA疗效明显且安全性较好。     

HPLC法测定小儿清热止咳泡腾片及麻黄中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的:建立测定小儿清热止咳泡腾片中盐酸麻黄碱含量的方法.方法:采用HPLC法,以优选的乙腈-水-磷酸-三乙胺(3: 97 : 0.1 : 0.1)为流动相;检测波长为205nm,测定了小儿清热止咳泡腾片麻黄中盐酸麻黄碱的含量.结果:盐酸麻黄碱色谱峰峰形对称,且与杂质峰获得了完全分离,精密度、重现性及回收率实验等均符合要求,并用此方法考察了药材麻黄中盐酸麻黄碱含量.结论:方法准确性好、操作简便,可用于盐酸麻黄碱的含量控制.     

穿心莲中穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯在茎和叶中的分布

采用薄层扫描法分别测定了12批穿心莲商品药材中茎和叶所含穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的含量,并进行了比较,结果其总量在茎中平均占0.29%,在叶中平均占2.26%.因此建议穿心莲中叶所占比例应不少于35%.     

Once-daily propranolol extended-release tablet dosage form: formulation design and in vitro/in vivo investigation.

The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize the propranolol once-daily extended release formulations containing HPMC, Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and lactose. In vitro studies, the response surface methodology and multiple response optimization utilizing the polynomial equation were used to search for the optimal formulation with specific release rate at different time intervals. The constrained mixture experimental design was used to prepare systematic model formulations, which were composed of three formulation variables: the content of HPMC (X(1)) MCC (X(2)) and lactose (X(3)). The drug release percent at 1.5, 4, 8, 14 and 24 h were the target responses and were restricted to 15-30, 35-55, 55-75, 75-90 and 90-110%, respectively. The results showed that the optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern equivalent to the predicted curve, which indicated that the optimal formulation could be obtained using response surface methodology. The mechanism of drug release from HMPC matrix tablets followed non-Fickian diffusion. In the vivo study, the MRT was prolonged for matrix tablets when compared with commercial immediate release tablets. Furthermore, a linear relationship between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption was observed in the beagle dogs.     

Chemical modification of arginine residues of Notechis scutatus scutatus notexin.

Notexin, a presynaptic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) neurotoxin isolated from Notechis scutatus scutatus venom, was inactivated by arginine-specific reagents, phenylglyoxal and 1,2-cyclohexanedione. Kinetic analyses of the modification reaction revealed that the inactivation of notexin followed pseudo-first order kinetics and the loss of PLA2 activity was correlated with the incorporation of one molecule of modification reagent per toxin molecule. However, the results of amino acid analysis and sequence determination revealed that two arginine residues at positions 43 and 79 of notexin were modified simultaneously. Modification of the arginine residues was accompanied with a decrease in the ability to inhibit the indirectly evoked contraction of chick biventer cervicis muscle and bind with synaptic membranes. The secondary structure of the toxin molecule did not significantly change after modification with phenylglyoxal as revealed by the CD spectra. The modified derivative retained its affinity for Ca2+, indicating that the modified arginine residues did not participate in Ca2+ -binding. Together with the notion that Arg-43 and Arg-79 of notexin are located in the proximity of its catalytic site and toxic site, respectively, our results suggest that modification of Arg-43 and Arg-79 should differently contribute to the observed decrease in the PLA2 activity and neurotoxic effect of notexin.     

超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响

目的：采用Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪比较小梁切除术和超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响。

方法：纳入原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者62例62眼,按手术方式分为两组：小梁切除术组32例32眼,超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术组(青白联合手术组)30例30眼。运用Keratograph 5M评估术前,术后3d,1、 3mo的非侵入性首次泪膜破裂时间(NifBUT)、非侵入性平均泪膜破裂时间(NiaBUT)、泪河高度(TMH)和角膜荧光素染色评分(CFS)。

结果：术前两组患者眼表参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3d青白联合手术组的NiaBUT、NifBUT、CFS、TMH最差,分别为10.13±1.48、12.59±1.96s、0.80±0.22分与0.31±0.02mm,变化幅度明显高于小梁切除组(均 P<0.05),术后1mo两组的各项指标均有所恢复,但直到术后3mo仍未完全恢复到术前水平。

结论：眼表综合分析仪可以客观、精确地用于评估抗青光眼手术后泪膜功能的变化。在术后3mo短期内超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术比单纯小梁切除术对眼表的影响更为严重,提示在此期间应加强对眼表的护理。