过度换气综合征患者手足搐搦危险因素分析

摘要： 目的 探讨引起过度换气综合征患者出现手足搐搦的危险因素。方法 分析就诊于我院的过度换气综合征患者 103 例, 根据其是否出现手足搐搦, 分为手足搐搦组和非手足搐搦组。分析 2 组之间性别、 年龄、 电解质、 pH 值和二氧化碳分压[p(CO2)]的差异; 将 P < 0.1 的因素纳入二分类 Logistic 回归, 并采用 Logistic 回归 （Forward Wald 法） 分析患者出现手足搐搦的危险因素。结果 103 例患者中出现手足搐搦者 70 例 （68%）, 未出现 33 例 （32%）, 手足搐搦组血清 K+、 血清磷和 p(CO2) 均明显低于非手足搐搦组（P < 0.01）, 而手足搐搦组 pH 值高于非手足搐搦组（P < 0.01）。2 组性别、 年龄、 血清 Na+、 血清 Cl-、 血清钙 （结合钙和离子 Ca2+）、 离子 Ca2+和血清 Mg2+水平差异无统计学意义 （P > 0.05）。二分类 Logistic 回归分析显示年龄小、 血清 K+降低、 血清磷降低和 p(CO2) 降低是手足搐搦的危险因素。结论 年龄小、 血清 K+水平降低、 血清磷降低和 p(CO2)降低是过度换气综合征患者出现手足搐搦的危险因素。     

微小甲状腺乳头状癌组织中Ⅲ类β-微管蛋白表达与临床病理特征的关系

目的 探究微小甲状腺乳头状癌组织中Ⅲ类β-微管蛋白(TUBB3)表达与临床病理特征的关系。方法 收集2016年8月—2018年12月本院手术治疗留取的100例微小甲状腺乳头状癌组织及100例结节性甲状腺肿组织标本,采用免疫组化法检测TUBB3、E-钙黏蛋白(ECAD)和波形蛋白(VIMENTIN)表达情况,分析TUBB3与ECAD、VIMETIN表达及甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)临床病理特征的关系。结果 微小甲状腺乳头状癌组织中TUBB3、VIMENTIN阳性表达率明显高于结节性甲状腺肿组织,ECAD阳性表达率明显低于结节性甲状腺肿组织(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,微小甲状腺乳头状癌组织中TUBB3表达与ECAD呈负相关,与VIMENTIN呈正相关(P<0.001);存在淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管侵犯、被膜侵犯及肿瘤出芽率高患者TUBB3表达阳性率高于无淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管侵犯、被膜侵犯及肿瘤出芽率低者(P<0.05);经术后3年随访,TUBB3阳性表达患者无疾病生存率低于TUBB3阴性表达者(P<0.05);多因素Cox比例风险回归分...     

色素上皮衍生因子对糖尿病大鼠视网膜谷氨酸代谢的影响

Objective To observe the effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF)on glutamate metabolism in diabetic rat retina.Methods 78 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group,model control group,PEDF intervention group and intervention control group.There were some dead and euglycemia rats at the end of experiment,so only 12 rats in each group were included in the statistical analysis.The diabetic retinopathy rat model of the model,PEDF intervention and intervention control group were induced with streptozotocin injection.The rats in the model group were not intervened.The monthly-age matched normal rats of model group were in the model control group.The left eyes of rats were received intravitreal injection with 5μl(0.1μg/μl)PEDF(PEDF intervention group)or 5μlphosphate buffer solution(intervention control group).The expressions of L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter in retina were analyzed by western blot and real time RT-PCR techniques and glutamate content in retina was analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC).Cultured rat Mailer cells were divided into the control,experimental,PEDF intervention and intervention control group,GLAST expressions were detected by fluorescence immunofluorescence and real-time RT-PCR techniques.The glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells was determined by intracellular[3H] labeled D,L-glutamate concentration with scintillation counting.Results Western blot and real-time RT-PCR showed that GLAST expression decreased(real-time RT-PCR:t=8.86,P＜0.01;Western blot:t=3.42,P＜0.05).glutamate content increased(t=4.01,P＜0.05)in model group compared with the model control group:GLAST expression increased(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.56,P＜0.05;Western blot:t=3.52,P＜0.05),glutamate content decreased(y=4.36,P＜0.05)in the PEDF intervention group compared with the intervention control group.Real-time RT-PCR and fluorescence immunofluorescenee showed that high glucose down-regulate GLAST expressions in Müller cells(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.48,P＜0.05;fluorescence immunofluoreseence:t=4.72,P＜0.05)and impair glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells(t=3.81,P＜0.05).Under high glucose conditions,PEDF up-regulated GLAST expression significantly(real-time RT-PCR:t=6.82,P＜0.01;fluorescence immunofluorescence:t=3.72,P＜0.05)and ameliorated the glutamate up-take activitv of Mailer cells(t=4.14,P＜0.05).Conclusions In diabetic rats,PEDF may improve the activitv of GLAST in Müller cells,thus ameliorate retinal glutamate metabolism and inhibit death of retinal ganglion cells.     

色素上皮衍生因子对糖尿病大鼠视网膜谷氨酰胺合成酶表达的影响

目的　观察色素上皮衍生因子（PEDF）对糖尿病大鼠视网膜Müller细胞谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）表达的影响。方法　将Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为模型组、模型对照组、PEDF干预组（干预组）、干预对照组,每组均为8只大鼠。模型组、干预组、干预对照组大鼠链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠模型。模型组大鼠不作任何干预,模型对照组为相同月龄的正常大鼠,干预组大鼠左眼玻璃体腔注射0.1 μg/μl的PEDF 10 μl,干预对照组大鼠左眼玻璃体腔注射相同容积的磷酸盐缓冲液。采用免疫组织化学法和实时荧光聚合酶链反应（PCR）法检测视网膜GS和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的表达变化。将视网膜Müller细胞置于高糖环境下培养,实验干预组中加入100 ng/ml PEDF,空白对照组加入相同容积的培养液,24 h后通过蛋白质免疫印迹（Western blot）法和实时荧光PCR法检测PEDF对Müller细胞GS和IL-1β表达的改变。流式细胞仪锚定蛋白-异硫氰酸荧光素和碘化丙啶（Annexin V-FITC-PI）双染色法检测100ng/mlPEDF对高糖状态下Müller细胞凋亡的影响。结果　实时荧光PCR法从基因水平和免疫组织化学法从蛋白质水平检测均显示,相对于模型对照组大鼠,模型组大鼠视网膜GS表达降低,而IL-1β的表达升高,实时荧光PCR法：GS: t=4.23, P＜0.01;IL-1β: t=16.73,P＜0.01;免疫组织化学法：GS:t=5.13,P＜0.01;IL-1β: t=9.32, P＜0.01;干预组大鼠玻璃体腔注射PEDF 48 h后,IL-1β的表达下降,GS的表达升高,与干预对照组比较,实时荧光PCR法：GS: t=3.87,P＜0.01;IL-1β: t=3.61,P＜0.05;免疫组织化学法：GS:t=3.32, P＜0.05;IL-1β: t=2.63, P＜0.05。在高糖环境下,通过实时荧光PCR法和Western bot 法检测均显示PEDF可以下调IL-1β的表达,而上调GS的表达,与空白对照组比较,实时荧光PCR法：GS: t=2.89, P＜0.05;IL-1β: t=3.37, P＜0.05;Western blot：GS: t=2.66, P＜0.05;IL-1β: t=3.23, P＜0.05。流式细胞仪检测结果显示,PEDF可以抑制高糖环境下Müller细胞的凋亡,实验组凋亡率与空白对照组凋亡率比较,差异有统计学意义(t=3.21,P＜0.05)。结论　对于糖尿病大鼠,PEDF可能通过下调视网膜Müller细胞中IL-1β的表达来上调GS的表达,从而改善谷氨酸循环,抑制神经节细胞的死亡      

盐酸氯丙嗪急性中毒致死小鼠血浆中差异代谢物的筛选

目的 通过对盐酸氯丙嗪急性中毒小鼠血浆内代谢物进行非靶向代谢组学分析,筛选出与盐酸氯丙嗪急性中毒致死相关的差异代谢物.方法 随机选取24只ICR小鼠并将其随机分为盐水对照组、盐酸氯丙嗪试验组,每组 12只.应用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatogra...     

核因子E2相关因子2在足月胎膜早破组织中的表达及临床意义

目的: 探讨胎膜组织中核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)的表达与足月胎膜早破发生发展的关系。方法: 选取30例健康孕妇(对照组)和30例胎膜早破孕妇(胎膜早破组),采用荧光定量PCR和蛋白质印迹分别检测两组胎膜组织中Nrf2 mRNA及其蛋白的表达;免疫组织化学检测胎膜组织中Nrf2定位及表达。结果： 与对照组比较,胎膜早破组Nrf2 mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01和P<0.05);Nrf2在胎膜组织各层结构的细胞核和细胞质中均可见,Nrf2在羊膜上皮层表达最高;与对照组比较,胎膜早破组Nrf2在羊膜上皮层、绒毛滋养细胞层和蜕膜层中表达明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论： 胎膜组织中Nrf2低表达可能与胎膜早破的发生发展有关。     

色素上皮衍生因子对糖尿病大鼠视网膜谷氨酸代谢的影响

目的 观察色素上皮衍生因子(PEDF)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜谷氨酸代谢的影响.方法 Sprague_Dawley大鼠78只,分为模型组、模型对照组、PEDF干预组(干预组)、干预对照组,实验结束时去除血糖恢复鼠和实验期间死亡鼠,每组以12只大鼠作为统计样本.模型组、干预组、干预对照组大鼠采用链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠模型.模型组大鼠不作任何干预,模型对照组为相同月龄的正常大鼠.干预组大鼠左眼玻璃体腔注射0.1 μg/μl的PEDF 5.0μl,干预对照组大鼠左眼玻璃体腔注射相同容积的磷酸盐缓冲液.采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western bolt)和实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法检测视网膜L-谷氨酸-L-门冬氨酸转运体(GLAST)表达的变化,高压液相色谱法(HPLC)观察视网膜谷氨酸的含量变化.将体外培养的大鼠视网膜Müller细胞随机分为对照组、实验组、PEDF干预组(干预组)和干预对照组,荧光免疫法和实时荧光PCR法检测Müller细胞GLAST表达的改变,根据[3H]标记的D,L-谷氨酸摄入量判断Müller细胞的摄取功能.结果 实时荧光PCR法和Western bolt检测结果显示,相对于模型对照组大鼠,模型组大鼠视网膜GLAST表达降低(实时荧光PCR法:t=8.86,P＜0.01;Western blot:t=3.42,P＜0.05),视网膜谷氦酸含量升高(t=4.01,P＜0.05);干预组大鼠视网膜GLAST表达与干预对照组视网膜GLAST表达比较,干预组大鼠视网膜GLAST的表达升高(实时荧光PCR法:t=3.56,P＜0.05;Western blot:t=3.52,P＜O.05);视网膜谷氨酸含量下调(t=4.36,P＜0.05).实时荧光PCR法和荧光免疫法检测结果显示,高糖可以降低视网膜Müller细胞GLAST的表达(实时荧光PCR法:t=3.48,P＜O.05;荧光免疫法:t=4.72,P＜O.05);[3H]标记的D,L-谷氨酸摄人量结果显示,高糖可以下调视网膜Mü1ler细胞GIAST的功能(t=3.81,P＜0.05);经PEDF处理后,可以明显改善高糖状态下视网膜Müller细胞GLAST的表达(实时荧光PCR法:t=6.82,P＜O.01;荧光免疫法:t=3.72,P＜0.05)和对谷氨酸的摄取功能(t=4.14,P＜0.05).结论 PEDF可通过改善糖尿病大鼠视网膜Müller细胞中GLAST功能从而改善谷氨酸循环,抑制神经节细胞的死亡.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF)on glutamate metabolism in diabetic rat retina.Methods 78 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group,model control group,PEDF intervention group and intervention control group.There were some dead and euglycemia rats at the end of experiment,so only 12 rats in each group were included in the statistical analysis.The diabetic retinopathy rat model of the model,PEDF intervention and intervention control group were induced with streptozotocin injection.The rats in the model group were not intervened.The monthly-age matched normal rats of model group were in the model control group.The left eyes of rats were received intravitreal injection with 5μl(0.1μg/μl)PEDF(PEDF intervention group)or 5μlphosphate buffer solution(intervention control group).The expressions of L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter in retina were analyzed by western blot and real time RT-PCR techniques and glutamate content in retina was analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC).Cultured rat Mailer cells were divided into the control,experimental,PEDF intervention and intervention control group,GLAST expressions were detected by fluorescence immunofluorescence and real-time RT-PCR techniques.The glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells was determined by intracellular[3H] labeled D,L-glutamate concentration with scintillation counting.Results Western blot and real-time RT-PCR showed that GLAST expression decreased(real-time RT-PCR:t=8.86,P＜0.01;Western blot:t=3.42,P＜0.05).glutamate content increased(t=4.01,P＜0.05)in model group compared with the model control group:GLAST expression increased(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.56,P＜0.05;Western blot:t=3.52,P＜0.05),glutamate content decreased(y=4.36,P＜0.05)in the PEDF intervention group compared with the intervention control group.Real-time RT-PCR and fluorescence immunofluorescenee showed that high glucose down-regulate GLAST expressions in Müller cells(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.48,P＜0.05;fluorescence immunofluoreseence:t=4.72,P＜0.05)and impair glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells(t=3.81,P＜0.05).Under high glucose conditions,PEDF up-regulated GLAST expression significantly(real-time RT-PCR:t=6.82,P＜0.01;fluorescence immunofluorescence:t=3.72,P＜0.05)and ameliorated the glutamate up-take activitv of Mailer cells(t=4.14,P＜0.05).Conclusions In diabetic rats,PEDF may improve the activitv of GLAST in Müller cells,thus ameliorate retinal glutamate metabolism and inhibit death of retinal ganglion cells.     

色素上皮衍生因子对糖尿病大鼠视网膜谷氨酸代谢的影响

Objective To observe the effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF)on glutamate metabolism in diabetic rat retina.Methods 78 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group,model control group,PEDF intervention group and intervention control group.There were some dead and euglycemia rats at the end of experiment,so only 12 rats in each group were included in the statistical analysis.The diabetic retinopathy rat model of the model,PEDF intervention and intervention control group were induced with streptozotocin injection.The rats in the model group were not intervened.The monthly-age matched normal rats of model group were in the model control group.The left eyes of rats were received intravitreal injection with 5μl(0.1μg/μl)PEDF(PEDF intervention group)or 5μlphosphate buffer solution(intervention control group).The expressions of L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter in retina were analyzed by western blot and real time RT-PCR techniques and glutamate content in retina was analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC).Cultured rat Mailer cells were divided into the control,experimental,PEDF intervention and intervention control group,GLAST expressions were detected by fluorescence immunofluorescence and real-time RT-PCR techniques.The glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells was determined by intracellular[3H] labeled D,L-glutamate concentration with scintillation counting.Results Western blot and real-time RT-PCR showed that GLAST expression decreased(real-time RT-PCR:t=8.86,P＜0.01;Western blot:t=3.42,P＜0.05).glutamate content increased(t=4.01,P＜0.05)in model group compared with the model control group:GLAST expression increased(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.56,P＜0.05;Western blot:t=3.52,P＜0.05),glutamate content decreased(y=4.36,P＜0.05)in the PEDF intervention group compared with the intervention control group.Real-time RT-PCR and fluorescence immunofluorescenee showed that high glucose down-regulate GLAST expressions in Müller cells(real-time RT-PCR:t=3.48,P＜0.05;fluorescence immunofluoreseence:t=4.72,P＜0.05)and impair glutamate up-take activity of Müller cells(t=3.81,P＜0.05).Under high glucose conditions,PEDF up-regulated GLAST expression significantly(real-time RT-PCR:t=6.82,P＜0.01;fluorescence immunofluorescence:t=3.72,P＜0.05)and ameliorated the glutamate up-take activitv of Mailer cells(t=4.14,P＜0.05).Conclusions In diabetic rats,PEDF may improve the activitv of GLAST in Müller cells,thus ameliorate retinal glutamate metabolism and inhibit death of retinal ganglion cells.     

“六位一体”医养结合人才培养模式的探索与实践

伴随我国老龄化程度日益加深,医养结合养老模式应运而生。人才作为医养结合发展的关键要素,对医养结合模式的发展和完善起到至关重要的作用。西南大学医院对此展开了有益探索,并构建了“六位一体”医养结合人才培养模式。医养结合人才作为应对人口老龄化所带来医护压力的关键举措,仍旧存在诸多地方亟待完善,医养结合人才培养模式的探索发展仍旧是需要重视并长期坚持发展的重要事业之一。     

异种金属产生微弱电流引起牙痛1例报告

<正> 患者陈××,男,56岁,干部。患者发现右下后牙龋坏,来我科要求补牙。患者无自发痛史,但是,牙齿对外界刺激有敏感历史。检查:5远中邻(牙合)面龋坏,深达牙本质深层,探诊较敏感,未探及穿髓点,