Effects of hypothalamic temperature changes on the sweat rate in Macaca mulatta

The concept of cardiac reconditioning centers for the prevention and rehabilitation of coronary patients has been tremendously successful in Germany over the past 20 years. At least 40 such centers are located throughout the country. Physicians, nurses, and physical therapists work closely together in the various facets of the rehabilitation process. The financial backing for these facilities is primarily through governmental and regional insurance companies, whose officials are apparently convinced that in the long run supporting preventive measures is financially sound. Objective data supporting their convictions come from studies such as that of Brusis, who showed that such as that of 1,500 employees was diminished by nearly 70 percent during a two-year period after cardiac reconditioning, as compared to a similar time period before the rehabilitation experience. Subjective benefits, which are extremely difficult to quantitate in meaningful terms, were nonetheless expressed by nearly all the patients with whom I conversed. Perhaps they have experienced the same feelings that Mark Twain did when he observed that "all frets and worries and chafings sank to sleep in the presence of the benignant serenity of the Alps; the Great Spirit of the Mountains breathed his own peace upon their hurt minds and sore hearts and healed them."     

The Execution of Legal Documents by Sexual Minority Individuals.

Sexual minority individuals (specifically bisexual, gay, lesbian and transgendered [BGLT]) have identities and relationships that are socially stigmatized and legally unrecognized. An online survey of 398 BGLT individuals was conducted concerning their execution of 5 legal planning documents: a will, powers of attorney for finances and health care, a living will, and hospital visitation authorization. We found support for the hypothesis that BGLT individuals who are in committed relationships, have disclosed their sexual orientation to immediate family, and have more income are more likely to have executed some or all of these documents. The authors discuss implications for BGLT individuals and same-sex couples, the need for policy changes and therapeutic intervention, and future directions for research in this area. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mass spectrometry of atmospheric aerosols--recent developments and applications. Part I: Off-line mass spectrometry techniques

Many of the significant advances in our understanding of atmospheric particles can be attributed to the application of mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry provides high sensitivity with a fast response time to probe chemically complex particles. This review focuses on recent developments and applications in the field of mass spectrometry of atmospheric aerosols. In Part I of this two-part review, we concentrate on off-line mass spectrometry techniques, which require sample collection on filters but can provide detailed molecular speciation. In particular, off-line mass spectrometry techniques utilizing tandem mass spectrometry experiments and high resolution mass analyzers provide improved insight into secondary organic aerosol formation and heterogeneous reaction pathways through detailed structural elucidation at the molecular level.     

Photoelectric properties of MISM phthalocyanine structure

Langmuir-Blodgett films have been prepared from copper tetra-4-t-butylphthalocyanine. A voltage dependence of capacitance can be attributed to the presence of a Schottky depletion layer. The barrier potential was determined as l·4eV, and the carrier concentration about 10²⁴m^?3     

Heterostructure photonic crystals: theory and applications

A hybrid structure combining square and hexagonal photonic crystal lattices is presented. This structure, which we refer to as heterostructure, offers the ability to tailor, optimize, and match the band structure of different lattices. The availability of heterostructures in photonic crystals opens abroad range of possibilities for optical device development. In particular, heterostructure photonic crystals are well suited for the application of optical beam splitting (Y coupler) and combining. Numerical experiments performed by use of the finite-difference time-domain method are shown to illustrate the device implemented in both unistructure and heterostructure lattices.     

Electromagnetic analysis of axially symmetric diffractive lenses with the method of moments

We present the electromagnetic analysis of axially symmetric diffractive lenses. Analysis is performed by numerically solving the electric and magnetic field integral equations using the method of moments, and it exploits axial symmetry to reduce computational cost. Formulations for the analysis of loss less dielectric and perfectly conducting lenses are presented. The analysis of binary and eight-level lenses are performed to illustrate the utility of the technique.     

Interpretation of mass spectra from organic compounds in aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Organic compounds containing a variety of functional groups have been analyzed using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Both positive and negative laser desorption/ionization mass spectra have been acquired for compounds of relevance to ambient air particulate matter, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic analogues, aromatic oxygenated compounds such as phenols and acids, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and reduced nitrogen species such as amines. In many cases, positive ion mass spectra are similar to those found in libraries for 70-eV electron impact mass spectrometry. However, formation of even-electron molecular ions due to adduct formation also plays a major role in ion formation. Negative ion mass spectra suggest that organic compounds largely disintegrate into carbon cluster fragments (C(n)- and C(n)H-). However, information about the heteroatoms present in organic molecules, especially nitrogen and oxygen, is carried dominantly by negative ion spectra, emphasizing the importance of simultaneous analysis of positive and negative ions in atmospheric samples.     

Three-dimensional analysis of subwavelength diffractive optical elements with the finite-difference time-domain method

We present a three-dimensional (3D) analysis of subwavelength diffractive optical elements (DOE's), using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. To this end we develop and apply efficient 3D FDTD methods that exploit DOE properties, such as symmetry. An axisymmetric method is validated experimentally and is used to validate the more general 3D method. Analyses of subwavelength gratings and lenses, both with and without rotational symmetry, are presented in addition to a 2 x 2 subwavelength focusing array generator.