基于GIS的高速铁路生态修复管理系统研究

以地理信息系统(GIS)为主要技术支撑,引入ArcEngine组件技术,基于插件式GIS应用框架进行二次开发,在系统模型库子系统、数据库子系统的支持下,充分利用GIS的缓冲分析、相交分析和空间关系分析功能,建立基于GIS的高速铁路生态修复管理系统,利用该系统对高速铁路生态环境影响进行一级综合评价和二级综合评价,依据评价结果为线路的优选和生态恢复管理提供依据.     

ODBC的数据访问技术

阐述了ODBC（Open Database Connectivity)的ADO(ActiveX Data Object),RDO(Remote Data Objects),DAO(Data Access Objects)三种数据访问技术的异同,主要介绍了ADO技术在网页制作方面的应用。     

PZT基NiTi SMA/PZT复合材料的组织结构及其压电性能研究

采用真空直流溅射法在PZT基体上沉积NiTi SMA薄膜,再经过晶化处理而制备出PZT基NiTi SMA/PZT复合材料.使用扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料试样的表面和界面组织结构.使用ZJ-3A型准态仪、Automatic LCR Meter4225测试复合材料的压电常数d33,机电耦合系数KP1,介电损耗tgδ,以考察NiTi SMA薄膜对PZT压电性能的影响.测试结果显示复合材料的压电常数d33,机电耦合系数KP相对于PZT均有提高,而介电损耗tgδ有小幅度降低.NiTiSMA薄膜与PZT基体之间的良好的界面结合结构及界面附近存在的源自膜/基材料间晶格差异的约束应力,有利于电偶极子的定向运动,保障了PZT基体压电性能的发挥.     

基于噪声环境影响的铁路选线评价方法研究

随着我国高速铁路的快速发展,特别是铁路客运专线的建设,铁路噪声对沿线居民会造成干扰影响,铁路噪声成为人们日益关注的焦点。在参考了大量国内外文献基础上,报告了国内外铁路环境选线设计的现状;通过对目前国内外铁路环境选线方法理论进行研究,分析噪声环境影响的设计;并综述了铁路噪声选线设计方面的研究进展,并还深入探讨了铁路噪声的产生机理、降噪技术方法与各种声屏障的设计使用。     

半导体激光器中电场分布特性的连续波电光检测

利用连续波电光检测法首次成功地对AlGaAs/GaAs半导体激光器中的电场分布进行了测量.测量结果直接表征了器件注入电流扩展和载流子限制特性. 本文简要地描述了方法的原理和实验装置,给出了典型的测量结果并对其进行了讨论.     

博弈论在高速公路施工期环境影响评价中的应用

为克服环境影响评价中指标权重的确定过于主观或客观的片面性,基于博弈论的组合赋权法建立了高速公路施工期环境影响评价模型.选取水环境、大气环境、声环境、水土保持和环境公众满意度等指标建立分层、分级的高速公路施工期环境影响评价指标体系.分别运用层次分析法(AHP)和熵值法对各评价指标进行主观和客观赋权,运用博弈论分析两种赋权方法之间竞争又协调一致的关系,以Nash均衡作为协调目标将博弈论引入综合评价的研究,计算得到反映决策者意向与评价指标客观属性的综合权重.基于博弈论的组合赋权理论建立高速公路施工期环境影响评价模型,以郴宁(郴州—宁远)高速公路为例进行计算,验证模型的有效性.     

Application of graph overlay method to environmental impact assessment of railway noise

The graph overlay method is used to evaluate the noise impact of route alignment and the results can serve as a reference for the route alignment optimal selection. The geographic information system(GIS), with its powerful function of handling attribute data and spatial analysis, is adopted to calculate the noise comprehensive impact area of each alignment. With the graph overlay method, the noise vulnerability and noise impact distribution are both taken into account in the noise impact assessment of route alignment. With GIS, the efficiency of work and the reliability of result are greatly improved. By a combination of them, the noise impact on environment is fully presented in a visual way and the assessment result has vital value in route alignment optimal selection. A detailed case study is illustrated and the efficiency of the method is verified.     

Comprehensive assessment method for environmental impact of railway based on geographic information system

By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway and its impact on the environment, which is adapted for the comprehensive assessment of railway environmental impact and the optimization of railway alignments. The assessment process of the GIS based map overlay method was presented, which includes deciding the system structure and weights of assessment factors, making environmental vulnerability grade maps, and evaluating the alternative alignments comprehensively to obtain the best one. With the GIS functions of spatial analysis, such as overlay analysis and buffer analysis, and functions of handling attribute data, the GIS based map overlay method overcomes the shortcomings of the existing map overlay method and the conclusion is more reasonable. In the end, a detailed case study was illustrated to verify the efficiency of the method.     

城市轨道交通噪声及其控制研究

近年来,随着经济的发展,修建城市轨道交通已成为解决大城市交通问题的首要选择,但同时也给沿线的居民和建筑物带来了噪声的环境污染。在分析城市轨道交通的噪声产生机理和传播规律的基础上,提出相应的控制措施和途径,为解决城市轨道交通发展中的噪声环境问题提供参考。