CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC THYROIDITIS IN ENDEMIC GOITER

ChroLnic lymphocytic thyroiditis and lympho- cyte infiltration were studied in 2,053 cases of endemic goiter. Only 7 cases of chronic lympho- cytic thyroiditis and 3 0f focal thyroiditis showed diffused enlargement of thyroid. Among 2,053 cases, 150 had thyroiditis (7.3%), of whom 137 (7.1%) were accompanied by nodular goiters. If focal thyroiditis was excludetl, the incidence rate of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis would be 2.39T% The increased incidence of Hashimoto's disease was considered to he due to the decreased incidence of endemic goiter and the neglect of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis accompanied by nodular goiters. Thyroiditis occurs in the sur- rounding tissues of the nodule, and it is why the changes in thyroiditis were overlooked iii excised nodules.     

肾综合征出血热尸检肾组织中TNF-α的原位检测

血清学研究提示肾综合征出血热(HFRS)患者血清中肿瘤坏死因子-alpha(TNF-α)水平明显增高,推测TNF-α很可能参与HFRS发病过程.为此,我们应用原位分子杂交技术(ISH)和免疫组织化学方法(IHC)对HFRS尸检肾     

人肝癌培养细胞粗提膜相关抗原的单克隆抗体

用人肝癌培养细胞粗提膜免疫Balb/c小鼠的脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤(SP_2/o)细胞在PEG作用下融合。以LLISA筛选抗体。通过免疫荧光和免疫酶标进行组织定位。初步获得一株抗人肝癌细胞膜相关抗原的单克隆抗体杂交瘤—命名FP—5。用此抗体在涂片上对人肝癌细胞膜呈阳性反应,在3例手术切除的人肝癌活检冰冻切片中,肝癌组织细胞亦呈阳性反应。FP—5细胞株染色体为83—108条,含1—2条中着丝点标记染色体。经6次克隆化体外培养6个多月,仍持续分泌特异性抗体,此抗体鉴定属鼠的IgM型。     

让免疫组织化学在病理诊断中发挥重要作用

让免疫组织化学在病理诊断中发挥重要作用刘彦仿（第四军医大学病理教研室西安７１００３２）免疫组织化学技术在病理诊断中的应用，正在我国逐渐普及，它确使病理诊断工作提高到一个新的水平，在帮助诊断、鉴别诊断方面进入了一个传统病理学极少涉及的原位化学领域，但是...     

HBcAg IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND ITS SURROUNDING TISSUE

Hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) and its antibody (anti-HBc) in hepatocellular car- cinoma and its surrounding tissue are detected by the immunofluorescence and immunoperoxi- dase methods. All specimens were obtained by biopsy, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Among the 86 cases of hepatocellular car- cinoma, positive HBcAg or anti-HBc was found in sections stained by both methods in 10, of which 8 were positive in the cancer cells and 5 in the surrounding liver cell tissue. Most of the positive nuclei were HBcAg positive with a small proportion of anti-HBc positive also. In the cancer and liver cells positive reac- tions were mainly in the nuclei. The cytoplasm of 15 cases and nucleoli of 2 were also positive. Considering the presence of both HBcAg and HBsAg (as we previously reported) in hepa- toma cells, the possibility of direct hepatitis B virus (HBV) effect was suggested.     

HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA GRADING AND HBAg DISTRIBUTION

The relationship between HBsAg and HBcAg distribution in cancer cells and hepa- toma grading is reported. On the basis of the morphology, atypia and frequency of mitotic figures etc, primary hepa- tocellular carcinoma is divided int0 3 grades (well, moderately and poorly differentiated). Among 125 cases of hepatoma, 2:4 (19.2To) are Grade l, 62 Grade 11 (49.6%) and 39 (31.2To) Grade III. Positive HBsAg and HBcAg cancer cells are detected not only in well differentiated hepato- ma, but also in moderately and poorly differen- tiated forms. Among 12 hepatoma cases (9.6'70) with positive HBsAg demonstrated by immuno- fluorescence, 2 are Grade I and 5 each Grades II and III. Of 11 positive HBcAg (8.8'70) cases de- monstrated by immunoperoxidase, 1 is Grade l, 7 Grade II and 3 Grade m. This suggest~s that HBAg can be replicated not only in well differentiated hepatoma, but also in the poorly differentiated. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is probably a kind of biologic car- cinogenic substance, or an associated carcino- genic substance. Thus, prevention of HBV in- fection can minimize hepatoma incidence.     

肝炎等三种肝病中癌基因c－myc、c－erbB－2和胰岛素样生成因子Ⅱ及表皮生长因子受体的表达

对慢性肝炎、亚急性重症肝炎、肝硬变及肝细胞肝癌共３７９例标本，进行了癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２和胰岛素样生成因子Ⅱ（ＩＧＦⅡ）及表皮生成因子（ＥＧＴ）受体的测定。结果，ＥＧＦ受体主要定位于良、恶性肝组织中的血窦内皮细胞，可能不参与肝癌发生；ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达选择性不强，也见于２１％结构正常肝中，可能与成熟肝细胞的增殖有关；ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率最高，广泛分布于肝小多角细胞（ＳＰＬＣ）、小细胞性不典型增生（ＳＣＤ）及小管状化生（ＤＭ）之肝细胞及癌细胞，提示ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２不仅参与肝癌发生，可能还与肝细胞ＤＭ有关；ＩＧＦⅡ表达仅见于慢性肝脏病变，在细胞类型上有严格的选择性，集中于癌细胞、ＳＰＬＣ和ＳＣＤ肝细胞，提示ＩＧＦⅡ基因的活化及高表达与ＳＰＬＣ明显增生及ＳＣＤ有关，是肝癌发生过程中的关键环节。还观察到ＳＰＬＣ和ＳＣＤ肝细胞中ＩＧＦⅡ和ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２的表达与乙型肝炎病毒Ｘ抗原（ＨＢｘＡｇ）密切相关，提示ＨＢＶＸ基因表达可能与这两种肝癌相关基因活化有关。     

肝癌单克隆抗体HAb18及其碘标记物的质控研究与应用

肝癌单克隆抗体ＨＡｂ１８及其碘标记物的质控研究与应用陈志南，刘智广，米力，仇凯，隋延仿，刘彦仿，刘成刚，徐力青，曲萍（病理学教研室８６３肝癌导向药物课题组）关键词肝肿瘤，抗体，单克隆；ＨＡｂ１８，质量控制中图号Ｒ３９２近年单克隆抗体在人类疾病的治疗和...     

抗人肝癌细胞相关抗原的单克隆抗体

 用人体肝癌培养细胞株SMMC—7721免疫Balb/c小鼠,融合得到六株抗人肝癌细胞单克隆抗体的杂交瘤,选其中一株（B1）连续克隆化培养5次。用间接免疫荧光测定并鉴定抗体,此株杂交瘤能在体外稳定分泌抗体,腹水效价（ELISA）为10^-8。所染色的肝癌以外的组织细胞无明确的反应,仅部分胚胎组织有交叉,说明该单克隆抗体有较好的肝癌细胞相关性。抗体亚型为小鼠IgM型。染色体核型分析,其数量是亲本细胞之和,计2n=80～106,有1～2条中部着丝点标记染色体。该杂交瘤命名为FP-4。     

Characteristics of immunocomplex in autopsy tissues of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.

Using repeated PAP or repeated PAP and ABC immunocytochemical methods, we were able to demonstrate viral antigens, Ig and CIq in the tissues of 20 autopsy materials that had been preserved for 3-30 years. Serial paraffin sections were stained with the first antibodies against both viral antigens (G2 and Np) and human IgG, IgM, C3 and Clq. Immunocomplex, composed of viral antigen, IgG and Clq were found diffusely in the cells of each organ and extracellalarly in the sera, various secretions and exudates. When stained by A25 etc, coarse granular antigen or inclusion bodies were found without demonstrable Ig and Clq. It was concluded that the immunocomplex in tissues of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Shaanxi Province, China was both intracellular and extracellular and was perhaps soluble due to antigens in excess, with characteristics quite different from that of other immune diseases.