共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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以城市地表与明渠、河道水流运动为主要模拟对象,研制了模拟城市暴雨内涝积水的数学模型。模型以平面二维非恒定流的基本方程和无结构不规则网格划分技术为骨架,同时,针对小于离散网格尺度的河道或明渠,应用了一维非恒定流方程的算法。采用分类简化处理的方法,将通道分为河道型、路面型、特殊通道型(城市内的二级河道),根据不同类型简化动量方程,求任意网格各个通道上的单宽流量。采用一维非恒定流方程模拟地下排水管网内的水流,并给出泵站、闸门、淹没出流管道等排水系统的处理方法。根据无结构不规则网格的设计思路,按照天津、南京、南昌三市的地形地貌特征分别设计多边形的计算网格。介绍了城市面雨量的计算方法以及数学模型在天津市、南京市、南昌市的应用情况和误差分析。 相似文献
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水库的排沙问题一直是多沙河流水库调度研究的重点之一。由于大部分多沙河流的来水来沙主要集中于汛期,因此水库汛期的蓄水兴利与泄水排沙的矛盾十分突出,具有典型的博弈关系,该关系可以利用博弈的相关理论进行描述。基于微分对策理论,将多沙河流水库汛期的供水兴利与泄水排沙看作博弈的双方,建立起以排沙和供水的综合效益作为性能指标函数的多沙河流水库汛期调度模型,研究了多沙河流水库汛期的调度问题,并通过陕西黑河某水库的实测资料对该模型进行了验证计算。计算结果表明,建立的调度模型能够较好地反映多沙河流水库汛期调度中的主要矛盾,实现对供水与排沙综合效益的优化。 相似文献
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为研究温度变化对非饱和土一维固结的影响,本文建立了非等温状态下的非饱和土固结模型,并且给出了半解析解。首先,结合Dakshanamurthy等提出的非饱和土一维热固结方程与Aldrich建立的一维热传导方程,建立了更完善的非饱和土一维热固结问题的控制方程。其次,采用Laplace变换与Laplace逆变换等方法,得到了非等温条件下超孔隙气压力、超孔隙水压力及土层沉降的半解析解。另外,将得到的解分别退化为非饱和土一维等温固结情况及饱和土一维热固结情况,与现有文献结果对比,证明了本研究的可靠性。最后采用算例分析了不同热扩散系数和温度对非饱和土地基固结的影响。结果表明:热扩散系数与温度在一定范围内的变化会对非饱和土固结的速度产生显著的影响,且热扩散系数的增大会增加固结速率,温度的升高会减小最终沉降量。 相似文献
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山溪性多沙河流中淤变化大、频繁、常受流域来水来水沙的影响,且当发生“平滩流量”时对河床形态的影响作用最大。以黄河一级支流祖厉河为例,从河床水力几何形态来水来沙条件之关系,分析了山溪性多沙河流的特性。 相似文献
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采用σ坐标变换拟合复杂边界、VOF方法追踪自由水面变化和SIMPLE算法求解控制方程等建立垂向二维非恒定水流及悬浮物分布数学模型。该模型适用于变量在横向上分布基本均匀的水流流动特性及悬浮物扩散迁移过程的模拟,与刚盖假定或静水压强假定等条件下建立的垂向二维数学模型相比更符合实际情况。分别对概化水库水流结构的沿程变化、明渠均匀流及带有槽沟的明渠非均匀流及悬浮物浓度分布进行了模拟,计算结果与实测值符合良好。模型的应用可为河道或水库的洪水调度、水污染控制、取水工程优化等提供参考。 相似文献
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基于Boussinesq方程耦合泥沙运动和地形演变模型,建立海啸作用下泥沙运动数学模型。地形演变模型采用WENO差分格式,并将WENO差分格式与Lax-Wendroff格式和FTBS格式进行对比分析。运用Synolakis、Kobayashi和Young的实验数据分别对水动力模块和地形演变模块进行验证,数值模拟结果与实验数据吻合良好,模型能够很好地模拟海啸波的传播、破碎、上爬、回落过程以及岸滩的冲淤变化过程,该数学模型能够运用到海啸作用下的岸滩演变研究和预测中。 相似文献
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A computer-based numerical model of turbidity current flow and sedimentation is presented that integrates geological observations with basic equations for fluid and sediment motion. The model quantifies those aspects of turbidity currents that make them different from better-understood fluvial processes, including water mixing across the upper flow boundary and the interactions between the suspended-sediment concentration and the flow dynamics and sedimentation. The model includes three numerical components: (1) a layer-averaged three-equation flow model for tracing downslope flow evolution using continuity and momentum equations, (2) a sedimentation/fluidization model for tracing sediment-size fractionation in sedimenting multicomponent suspensions and (3) a concentration-viscosity model for quantifying the changes in resistance of such suspensions toward fluid and sediment motion. The model traces the evolution of a model turbidity current in terms the layer-averaged flow velocity, flow thickness, sediment concentration distribution, and the rate of sedimentation and sediment size fractionation. It generates synthetic turbidites with downslope variations in thickness and grain-size structuring at each point along the flow path. This study represents an effort to evaluate quantitatively the effects of basin geometry, sediment supply and sediment properties on the mechanics of turbidity current flow and sedimentation and on the geometry and grain size characteristics of the resulting deposits. 相似文献
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河口最大浑浊带数学模拟研究的进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分三个方面介绍了河口最大浑浊带研究中数学模拟研究的进展:(1)利用通量分析计算河口盐度、污染物和泥沙通量,分析带内泥沙富采机制;(2)由物质平衡原理建立一维和较简单的机理模型,讨论最大浑浊带的成因;(3)据水动力方程和物质平衡方程建立二维或三维数值模型,计算最大浑浊带的水流结构和物质浓度分布,模拟并探讨不同条件下最大浑浊带的成因和演化机制。 相似文献
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扇三角洲是陆相碎屑岩重要的沉积类型之一.利用砂体沉积过程数值模拟方法可以预测扇三角洲砂体的几何形态.在利用泥沙冲淤动力学模式建立扇三角洲沉积过程的数学方程后,根据现代三角洲沉积特征,设计了其沉积过程的模拟条件,计算域长100 km、宽50 km,流量按50年一遇洪水设计,模拟过程到2 000年时,扇三角洲沉积过程基本达到平衡状态,此时前缘复合砂体最大厚度约39 m.通过对扇三角洲前缘砂体几何形态的模拟研究,总结出扇三角洲沉积体储层建筑结构的模拟与预测方法.计算过程中可识别出4种沉积砂体,包括水下分流河道(砂体的平均长宽比为2.68,平均宽厚比为79.8)、河口砂坝(平均长宽比为2.02,平均宽厚比为68.2)、远砂坝(平均长宽比为1.65,平均宽厚比为58.3)、水下溢岸沉积.主要沉积单元砂体几何参数之间的相关关系较好.实验结果表明,利用泥沙冲淤动力模式可以较好地揭示扇三角洲发育过程,进而可以预测扇三角洲砂体的几何形态. 相似文献
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John Z. Shi Hong-Qiang Zhou Hua Liu Yong-Gang Zhang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,61(8):1691-1702
Tidal flow and fine-sediment transport at the South Channel–North Passage of the partially-mixed Changjiang River estuary
were studied using a two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) numerical model. This 2DH model was achieved by depth-integrating the
momentum and convection–diffusion equations. The Alternating Direction Implicit scheme was used to solve the governing equations.
The iterative method was adopted for the calculation of convection and diffusion terms of momentum equation. Comparisons between
calculated and measured results (tidal elevations and depth-averaged velocities) have shown reasonable agreement. Horizontal
distributions of tidal current velocity and suspended sediment concentration were qualitatively consistent with observations.
Those modeled results were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms for the formation of the turbidity maximum and intratidal
variations in fine-sediment transport processes. 相似文献
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The Smith and Bretherton model for fluvial landsurfaces consists of a pair of partial differential equations: one governing water flow and one governing sediment flow. Numerical solutions of these equations have been shown to provide realistic models of the evolution of fluvial landscapes. Further analysis of these equations shows that they possess scaling laws (Hack’s Law) that are known to exist in nature. The preservation of these scaling laws in simulations is highly dependent on the numerical method used. Two numerical methods, both optimized for overland flow, have been used to simulate these surfaces. The implicit method exhibits the correct scaling laws, but the explicit method fails to do so. These equations, and the resulting models, help to bridge the gap between the deterministic and the stochastic theories of landscape evolution. Slight modifications have been made to this model to make the resulting surfaces more realistic. The most successful of these was the addition of an abrasion term to assist in the channelization of rivers. 相似文献