山西六棱山北麓晚第四纪不规则断裂作用的地貌学研究

利用航片判读和野外核查相结合的途径确定了六棱山北麓晚第四纪时期的基本地貌单元及其形成时代，研究了六棱山北麓断裂的地貌学和构造学分段性特征，通过对断错地貌面的地形剖面的高精度实测，获得了表征六棱山北麓断裂作用时空不规则性的定量资料──晚第四纪断层滑动速率随时间的涨落特性，指出距今１．５６～０．７６万ａ时段是六棱山北麓断裂作用的强烈活跃期     

龙首山北缘断裂带古地震初步探讨

龙首山北缘断裂带是潮水盆地与龙首山地的地貌分界线,展布于龙首山隆起的北麓。前期曾在龙首山北缘断裂带东段的白家嘴、中段包代河、西段斜坡山开挖了三个探槽,均揭露出多期古地震。本文通过三个探槽古地震事件的对比分析认为,龙首山北缘断裂带第1次古地震(11 ka)到最后1次古地震(1.6 ka)间隔9.4 ka,约1万年时间里有6次古地震发生。如果取算术平均(9.4 ka/6=1.57 ka),则每隔1 500年左右,龙首山北缘断裂带就有一次强地震事件,即古地震平均重复间隔约1.57 ka。这和其它各大断裂带得出的古地震优势重现周期(1~2 ka)并不矛盾。①5 ka年以前龙首山北缘断裂带仅有2次古地震事件,重复间隔5.3 ka,明显偏长,可能有古地震的遗漏问题;②5 ka年以后该断裂地震活动明显丛集,最短间隔0.7 ka,最长间隔1.5 ka,平均重复间隔约0.8 ka。无论是最短、最长或平均重复间隔,均与山丹-张掖地区历史地震的最长重复间隔0.79 ka接近。     

内蒙古色尔腾山山前断裂带乌加河段古地震活动

通过对色尔腾山山前断裂带乌加河段断层地貌研究，并结合前人对断裂带断裂活动性的工作，分析得到乌加河活动断裂段晚更新世晚期(距今1.445～2.234万年)以来平均垂直位移速率是0.48～0.75 mm/a，全新世早中期以来(距今5 570～8 830年)平均垂直位移速率是0.56～ 0.88 mm/a．利用5个探槽中揭露的古地震现象，结合前人对该断裂带古地震的研究结果，分析确定出2.7万年以来，色尔腾山山前断裂乌加河段共揭露出5次古地震事件，重复间隔约为4 300～4 400年．距今8 000～9 000年之间可能为一个古地震丛，而距今1～2万年之间可能遗漏了两次古地震事件．对比断层陡坎的高度与探槽中揭示出古地震事件的位移和，以及由断层平均位移速率和一次事件的位移得到古地震的重复间隔，得到阿拉盖兔探槽中缺失了3次古地震事件，整个活动断裂段上可能缺失了两次古地震事件．      

1668年郯城8．5级地震断裂的全新世滑动速率、古地震和强震复发周期

本文根据野外考察、实测和开挖资料，研究了１６６８年郯城８．５级地震断裂的水平和垂直位移及古地震标志和证据、全新世位移分布和滑动速率、古地震遗迹、古地震期次、强震复发周期以及地震破裂模式。研究结果表明，沿１６６８年郯城８．５级地震断裂上的全新世位移分布与１６６８年郯城地震破裂位移分布具有良好的同步性和分级特征。破裂位移和滑动速率在空间上是变化的，水平滑动速率在１．７～２．８毫米／年范围内变化，垂直位移速率在０．２～０．５毫米／年范围内波动，水平位移量与垂直位移量比为６～８倍。沿郯城地震断裂全新世发生了４次强震事件，８级大震具有准周期重复特征，郯城地震断裂上发生的地震拟合了特征地震模式。本文归纳总结出来的鉴别断裂水平和垂直位移及古地震事件的标志和准则，对活断层和古地震的深入研究有一定的借鉴意义。     

青藏铁路活动断裂调查与监测

根据大型探槽观测和热释光测年资料，发现西大滩断裂东段最早古地震发生于距今5万年前，晚更新世发生过4次强烈古地震，全新世发生过5次强烈古地震事件；西大滩断裂西段最早古地震发生于约1万年前，全新世共发生4次强烈古地震事件，最近一期古地震发生于距今1000年前。库赛湖断裂自5000年以来（全新世晚期）共发生3次强烈古地震事件，最近一期强烈地震为2001年11月14日发生的昆仑山口西8．1级地震。     

晋冀蒙交界地区主要断裂的现今活动

用大地水准测量资料分析了晋冀蒙交界地区13条主要断裂的现今活动状态，结果发现，凡是活动断裂带通过的地段，在形变剖面图上一般都出现转折或突变。断裂现今活动与继承性活动是一致的，但是运动速率不均匀，有时快，有时慢，有时甚至作反向运动；同一条断裂有的地段活动强，有的地段活动弱。在1983—1992年间，该地区活动最强，平均速率超过2mm／a的断裂是怀安盆地北缘断裂和怀涿盆地北缘断裂；活动较强，平均速率为1．0—1．9mm／a的有恒山北麓断裂、怀安盆地南缘断裂、太白山山前断裂、蔚—广盆地南缘断裂西段、延矾盆地北缘断裂、张家口断裂、五台山北麓断裂。活动较弱，速率小于1mm／a的有蔚—广盆地南缘断裂东段、恒山南麓断裂、六棱山北麓断裂、阳原盆地北缘断裂。     

中条山北麓断裂中南段全新世地震事件的初步研究

通过对中条山北麓断裂进行探槽研究,揭露了全新世以来,断裂中段和南段的3次古地震事件,包括1次发生在8 570~8 010a BP、贯通断裂中段和南段的8级以上特大地震,以及4 800~6 010a BP和2 110~320a BP发生的2次7级左右的大地震,地震复发间隔约为3 500a。研究表明,中条山北麓断裂的南段和中段在全新世发生过多次活动,活动性较强。     

东昆仑断裂带东段玛曲断裂古地震初步研究

东昆仑活动断裂是青藏高原东北部一条重要的NWW向边界断裂。玛曲断裂位于东昆仑断裂带的最东段。本文通过3个古地震剖面揭示出东昆仑断裂东段玛曲断裂全新世共有4次古地震事件。最新一次古地震事件为距今(1730±50)～(1802±52)a,第二次古地震的时间为距今(3736±57)～(4641±60)a;第三次为距今(8590±70)a;第四次为距今(12200±1700)a。其中第一次和第二次古地震事件的时间较为可靠,两次古地震事件之间的复发间隔为2400a左右,由此认为东昆仑断裂带东段的古震事件之间的复发间隔为2400a左右,古地震的离逝时间为距今(1730±50)～(1802±52)a。     

二台活动断裂南段古地震研究及断裂向南扩展问题

二台活动断裂南段全新世期间曾发生过２～３次古地震事件。古地震遗迹具有北多南少，北老南新的现象，与该活动断裂带北老南新的特征一致，显示二台活动断裂的破裂过程有向南扩展的规律     

大同—阳高地震群发震构造模式的讨论

本文在野外实地考察的基础上,详细地讨论了大同一阳高地震群发震的区域构造环境、震区的活动构造格局、地震期间建筑物的破坏特征、地面强运动所造成的构造地裂缝的性质和几何组合等。研究结果表明,大同-阳高地震群是在晋北张性区内地壳伸展条件下,北东东向六棱山北麓断裂突发性正断倾滑错动,并诱发北西向断裂的左旋滑动和被它们所围限的次级块体顺时针转动等联合作用的产物,它的发生可能标志着山西裂谷系进入了一个新的地震活跃期。     

Preliminary Study on Paleoearthquake Chronology on the Northern Liulengshan Piedmont Fault in Yangyuan, Hebei Province, China

The northern Liulengshan piedmont fault is located along the southern margin of the Yangyuan basin and represents a dip-slip normal fault,generally NEE-trending and NNW-dipping.Landforms offset by the fault are fairly developed and well preserved in the Dushanpu area of Yangyuan County,Hebei Province.Two trenches were excavated in front of a scarp of the northern Liulengshan piedmont fault at Dushanpu and two paleoseismic events were revealed in the trenches,from which several samples were collected for dating.The samples were dated using the IRSL dating technique.The preliminary result shows the possible ages of the two paleoseismic events.     

Study of Paleoearthquakes by Excavation of Grouped Trenches on the Zemuhe Fault in Daqingliangzi,Xichang,Sichuan

Uncertainties are common in the dating of paleoearthquakes.To improve the credibility of the dating of paleoearthquakes,analysis was done on fault activity,sedimentary environment and seismo-geomorphology to investigate paleoearthquakes along the Zemuhe active fault zone.Grouped trenches were excavated near Daqingliangzi,which revealed three palaeoearthquake events aged 160a,3100a and 5500a～8900a,respectively,including recurrence intervals of about 3000a.Sedimentary processes related to strike-slip fault type earthquakes were discussed,and a sedimentary model was put forward for strike-slip faults at hillsides where drumlin and reverse scarp developed.     

Recurrence characteristics of late-quaternary strong earthquakes on the major active faults along the northern border of Ordos block

Through study on trenches, analysis of recurrence characteristics and recurrence interval cluster/gap of strong earthquakes along the major active faults on the northern border of Ordos block, we found 62 paleoearthquakes that occurred in the late Quaternary, including 33 earthquakes occurring in the Holocene. The recurrence characteristics of the paleoearthquakes are different at three levels, segments, faults, and fault zones. The strong seismic sequence on the independent segments is mostly characterized by long- and short-interval recurrences, while that on the faults and in fault zone is characterized clearly by random and cluster recurrences. Results of the moving window test indicate that the probabilities of "temporal cluster or gap", caused by random coincidence as opposed to intersegment contagion, are 64% and 70% for the Serteng piedmont fault and for the south-border fault of Wula Mountains, respectively, no clear interaction among the segments of each fault; while the probability is 26.8% for the whole fault zone, suggesting a clear interaction among the faults of this fault zone. These recurrence characteristics may imply an effect of the entire block motion on the recurrence of strong earthquakes. Moreover, the elapsed time for the Wujumeng Pass-Dongfeng Village segment of Serteng piedmont fault and the Tuzuo Banner-Wusutu and the Hohhot segments of Daqingshan piedmont fault has exceeded the average recurrence interval, hence these three segments may be the possible places for future strong earthquakes.     

Recurrence characteristics of late-quaternary strong earthquakes on the major active faults along the northern border of Ordos block

Through study on trenches, analysis of recurrence characteristics and recurrence interval cluster/gap of strong earthquakes along the major active faults on the northern border of Ordos block, we found 62 paleoearthquakes that occurred in the late Quaternary, including 33 earthquakes occurring in the Holocene. The recurrence characteristics of the paleoearthquakes are different at three levels, segments, faults, and fault zones. The strong seismic sequence on the independent segments is mostly characterized by long- and short-interval recurrences, while that on the faults and in fault zone is characterized clearly by random and cluster recurrences. Results of the moving window test indicate that the probabilities of “temporal cluster or gap”, caused by random coincidence as opposed to intersegment contagion, are 64% and 70% for the Serteng piedmont fault and for the south-border fault of Wula Mountains, respectively, no clear interaction among the segments of each fault; while the probability is 26.8% for the whole fault zone, suggesting a clear interaction among the faults of this fault zone. These recurrence characteristics may imply an effect of the entire block motion on the recurrence of strong earthquakes. Moreover, the elapsed time for the Wujumeng Pass-Dongfeng Village segment of Serteng piedmont fault and the Tuzuo Banner-Wusutu and the Hohhot segments of Daqingshan piedmont fault has exceeded the average recurrence interval, hence these three segments may be the possible places for future strong earthquakes.     

公元849年内蒙古包头东地震地表破裂带及地震参数讨论a

史载公元849年10月20日,内蒙古河套地区发生大地震.对这次地震的震中位置、震级、烈度的认识目前存在较大分歧.作者在大青山山前断裂带活断层填图和古地震研究过程中,在大青山山前断裂中、西段,发现多处距今1000多年的地震形变遗迹;结合公元849年地震史料的进一步考证,表明大青山山前断裂带为公元849年地震的发震构造.宏观震中位置应在活动断裂变位量最大的包头铝厂至永富一带,地理坐标约为北纬40.4deg;,东经110.2deg;.震中烈度为Ⅹ度,震级为7.7.      

Late Quaternary normal faulting and its kinematic mechanism of eastern piedmont fault of the Haba-Yulong Snow Mountains in northwestern Yunnan,China

The regional geologic and geomorphic observations show that an active arcuate normal fault constitutes the main boundary fault of the Haba-Yulong Snow Mountains (HYSM). This fault is called eastern piedmont fault of Haba-Yulong Snow Mountains (HYPF). The fault consists of two segments with differential trend; the northern segment is NW-trending and NE-dipping and the southern section is S-N trending and E-dipping. Three sets of fault scarps cutting late Quaternary landforms and their dating results indicate...     

Late Cenozoic Normal Faulting on the Western Side of Wenquan Graben, Central Qianghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau

INTRODUCTION ThesustainedcollisionoftheIndiaplateintotheEurasiaplatesince50MaBPgaverisetotheintenseCenozoictectonicdeformationandupliftingofmountainsintheQinghai Xizang(Tibet)Plateauanditsvicinityandhadafar reachingimpactonthegeomorphicpatternsandenvironm…     

Paleoseismic activity on Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault,inner Mongolia

Geomorphic study on Wjiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault,Inner Mongolia is made.Throuth analysis of the available data in combination with the results of predecessors‘studies it can be obtained that average vertical displacement rate is 0.48-0.75mm/a along the Wujiahe segment since the late Pleistocene(14.450-22.340ka BP)and 0.56-0.88mm/s since the early-middle Holocene(5.570-8.830ka BP).Analyzing paleoseismic phenomena revealed in the excavated 5trenches in combination with the results of predecessors‘studies of paleoearthquakes on the fault,we determine five paleoseismic events on the Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault since 27.0ka BP and the recurrence interval to be about 4.300-4.400ka,A cluster of paleoearthquakes occurred probably during 8.000-9.000ka BP and two paleoeismic events in 10.000-20.000ka BP may be missed.A comparison between height of fault scarps and sum of displacement caused by paleoseismic events revealed in trenches,and recurrence interval of paleoseismic events obtained from average displacement rate along the fault and the disloca-tion by one event suggest that three paleoseismic events are absent in Alagaitu trench.Two paleoseismic events may be absent on the whole active fault segment.     

正谊关断裂带的新活动与古地震研究

正谊关断裂横贯贺兰山北部山区,为一长期活动的区域性大断裂带。本文根据大比例尺航卫片解译,野外实际调查资料和~(14)C年代数据,讨论了该断裂带的平面展布、第四纪以来断裂的运动方式,活动强度、最新活动时代及古地震等问题。该断裂带的正谊关断层段新活动强烈,第四纪以来呈明显的左旋走滑活动。断错地貌显示,其最大一组水平错距为1800—2000米,最小一组错距为10—20米。在毛呼都格音沟及葡萄泉子沟发现两处古地震遗迹,估计该两次古地震事件发生在距今约6000年左右。