色尔腾山山前断裂晚第四纪活动与破裂分段模型

通过对断裂的几何结构、晚第四纪活动构造特征、古地震活动性以及分段边界构造特征等方面的分析和研究，色尔腾山山前断裂的活动段落组成可以初步确定为：乌加河段(东乌盖沟-大后店)、乌句蒙口-东风村段(大后店-得令山)、大余太段(得令山-小余太沟口)和乌兰忽洞段(小余太沟口-台梁)等4段，其间的段落边界分别为大后店山咀、得令山山咀和小余太沟口阶区。这些段落为相互独立的地震活动单元，但不能排除乌加河段和乌句蒙口-东风村段之间、大余太段和乌兰忽洞段之间联合破裂的可能。     

Paleoseismic activity on Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault,inner Mongolia

Geomorphic study on Wjiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault,Inner Mongolia is made.Throuth analysis of the available data in combination with the results of predecessors‘studies it can be obtained that average vertical displacement rate is 0.48-0.75mm/a along the Wujiahe segment since the late Pleistocene(14.450-22.340ka BP)and 0.56-0.88mm/s since the early-middle Holocene(5.570-8.830ka BP).Analyzing paleoseismic phenomena revealed in the excavated 5trenches in combination with the results of predecessors‘studies of paleoearthquakes on the fault,we determine five paleoseismic events on the Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault since 27.0ka BP and the recurrence interval to be about 4.300-4.400ka,A cluster of paleoearthquakes occurred probably during 8.000-9.000ka BP and two paleoeismic events in 10.000-20.000ka BP may be missed.A comparison between height of fault scarps and sum of displacement caused by paleoseismic events revealed in trenches,and recurrence interval of paleoseismic events obtained from average displacement rate along the fault and the disloca-tion by one event suggest that three paleoseismic events are absent in Alagaitu trench.Two paleoseismic events may be absent on the whole active fault segment.     

色尔腾山山前断裂得令山以东段晚第四纪活动特征与古地震事件

色尔腾山山前断裂得令山以东段属全新世活动断裂。距今约 30ka以来 ,断裂上升盘的平均抬升速率为 :大佘太段 0 19mm/a ,乌兰忽洞段 0 2 0mm/a。探槽揭露 ,大佘太段 ,约 32kaBP以来 ,发生过 4次古地震事件 ,事件发生时间依次为 (316 90± 1770 ) ,(2 30 0 0± 132 0 ) ,(15 42 0± 870 ) ,(74 40± 4 40 )aBP ,相应的位移量分别为 2 6 ,1 6 ,2 2 ,1 4m ;乌兰忽洞段 ,约 2 5kaBP以来 ,也发生过4次古地震事件 ,事件发生时间依次为 (2 5 130± 14 30 ) ,(14 5 70± 82 0 ) ,(116 6 0± 6 5 0 ) ,(72 2 0± 4 0 0 )aBP ,相应的位移量分别为 2 6 ,1 8,1 3,1 2m。根据位移量限定法 ,两个活动段落的古地震活动历史是完整的     

六棱山北麓断裂新活动特征

通过对六棱山北麓活动断裂的几何结构、分段活动特征及段落边界等方面的地质地貌调查与研究，认为该活动断裂可分为４段，除东段在早更新世有过活动外，其他３段均为晚更新世晚期～全新世活动段，段落长度１０～３９ｋｍ。该断裂在晚中生代表现为逆冲性质，至新生代随区域构造应力场的变化而转变为倾滑正断层。各段落上垂直位移量分布呈包络线状，而且各段平均滑动速率不同，西大东小，显示断裂新活动强度自西向东变弱     

临潼-长安断裂带晚第四纪以来的活动性

对临潼-长安断裂带进行了详细的野外调查,以期掌握其最新活动年代和第四纪以来的活动特征。该断裂总体走向NE,以张性垂直运动为主,断面明显错断了黄土中的第1层古土壤S1,说明其晚更新世以来仍在活动,并且北段和中段的活动性比南段强,但是错距大多<2m,滑动速率较小,考虑到临潼-长安断裂带由多条次级断层组成,其整体活动性应该比我们计算得到的局部断层滑动速率大得多。断层错距自上而下成递增趋势,并且根据不同地层年代计算出的滑动速率基本一致,因此该断裂带自中更新世晚期以来极可能以垂向蠕滑活动为主     

基于遥感技术研究依兰-伊通断裂带

郯庐断裂带是中国东部的大型走滑断裂, 在沈阳以北由一支分为两支: 依兰—伊通断裂带和敦化-密山断裂带。 利用遥感数据并结合DEM (数字高程模型)数据对郯庐断裂带北段的依兰-伊通断裂带进行了分析研究。 根据该断裂带的形态特征将其划分成三段(沈阳—开原段、 开原—依兰段、 依兰—萝北段)。 沈阳—开原段为单条断裂, 它分隔了下辽河平原和辽东山地; 开原—依兰段为双边不对称断裂, 两支断裂相向内倾形成地堑, 隔大黑山分隔了松辽盆地和那丹哈达岭; 依兰-萝北段断裂较为隐伏, 该段是小兴安岭和三江盆地的分界。 通过分析依兰—伊通断裂带对河流和其他断裂的错动情况, 进一步揭示了郯庐断裂带曾经历了早期左旋走滑和后期右旋走滑的历史。 另外还对伊通地堑进行了较为详细的描述及说明, 通过对其DEM作横向和纵向的剖面分析证实了其西北边界为主要控盆断裂。     

The Feature of Segmentation Activity on the Northern Segment of the Anninghe Fault Zone Since Late Pleistocene

Based on fault geometric features,composite pattern,faulting land-forms and seismic data,this paper discussed the activity behavior along the northern segment of the Anninghe fault(from Xichang to Shimian)since the Late Pleistocene.The fault can be divided into three active segments by discrepancies of their activity:the segment from Xichang to Mianning,the segment from Mianning to Zimakua,and the segment from Zimakua to Tianwan.The southern segment has the background of occurrence of great earthquakes,but the middle and the northern segments can generate strong and moderate events respectively.According to the features of quartz from fault gouges by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),this paper discussed the movement features along the fault and indicated the stick-slipping feature on the segment from Xichang to Zimakua,the creeping feature on the segment from Jiziping to Tianwan and the transitional feature on the segment in between.     

皇城—双塔断裂带的几何分段及运动学特征

在室内航,卫片解释及野外１：５万大比例尺活断层地质填图等专项研究的基础上,论证了１９２７年古浪８级大震主发震断裂皇城－双塔断裂带的几何分段及运动学特征。依据断层的几何特征,活动时期,活动强度可将该断裂带分为３段,分别为皇城盆地段（西段）、上寺段（中段）和冬青顶段（东段）。其中东段是古浪地震的发震段,与西段和中段相比,它具有活动时代新、活动强度大等特点,属全新世活动段。１９２７年古浪地震的发生与其特     

郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段地壳速度结构的分段特征及其地质意义

本文采用天然地震近震走时反演地壳三维速度结构的方法获得了郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段及附近地壳(30°N—37°N,113°E—122°E)三维速度结构.对地壳内分层速度结构的分析发现,郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段存在速度的分段特征.郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段浅层35.3°N以北,34.5°N—35.3°N间,33°N—34.5°N间呈现的速度分段和地表出露地层有关,与地质上安丘段、莒县—郯城段,新沂—泗洪段三个破裂单元相对应,且和各段的地震活动相呼应,表明郯庐带新沂到泗洪段可能是断裂的闭锁段.郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段地壳速度结构自浅至深分为三段,大体位置是:南段(32.5°N—33°N以南),中段(32.5°N—33°N至35°N—35.3°N),北段(35°N—35.3°N以北).上地壳分段与苏鲁超高压变质岩带的插入有关,中、下地壳速度分段则可能和火山岩滞留有关.地壳各层速度结构不同段的速度差异反映了构造块体的速度差异,表明各构造块体在地壳下部仍有差异,郯庐带西侧速度总体高于东侧,反映了不同构造块体的形成和组成差别,也说明了该断裂带可能延伸到莫霍面.而不同深度的分段性可能反映了不同地质演化过程.     

Paleoseismicity and Segmentation Along the Active Fault at the Northern Boundary of Huailai-Zhuolu Basin,Hebei Province

The northern boundary fault of Huailai-Zhuolu basin,Hebei Province,has a total length of 58 km and a general strike of NE.The geometry and feature of activity of the 5 segments of the fault greatly differ from each other.17 paleoseismic events have been recognized within 11 trenches excavated along the different segments of the fault.It is found that each segment is characterized by its distinct recurrence of paleoearthquakes.The recurrence intervals of strong earthquakes for each segment are 3500-7000 a for the shortest and 17,000-20,500 a for the longest.However,the recurrence interval of strong earthquakes for whole fault ranges between 750-8500 a.The boundary of the segments can be recognized as the junction,gap,bending,jog and salient of the fault.The length of the segment ranges between 7.5-14 km.     

山东半岛北部近海海域北西向蓬莱—威海断裂带的声波探测

在山东半岛北部近海海域进行了多条剖面的声波探测，初步查明了蓬莱－威海断裂带的基本活动特征.该断裂带由一系列北西走向的次级断层组成，主体在长岛至大竹岛之间的海域，多数断层以正断兼有走滑运动为主，部分断层具有逆冲运动性质.断裂带在第四纪活动明显，以北东向桃村-东陡山断裂在海域的延伸段为界，蓬莱-威海断裂带可分为两段：长岛-烟台段和烟台-威海段.西段长岛-烟台段为晚更新世活动段，多数次级断层上断点埋深位于海底以下30m，明显错断了中更新世地层，部分断层明显错断了晚更新世早期地层，有些断层达到晚更新世地层中部，但没有发现全新世地层错动现象.东段烟台-威海段为中更新世活动段，没有发现晚更新世地层错断现象.蓬莱-威海断裂带对历史地震和现代小震活动具有明显控制作用，其中1548年7级地震发生于断裂带西段，1948年6级地震发生于断裂带东段.蓬莱-威海断裂带与北东向断裂交汇区是中强地震发生的有利部位.     

活动断层的滑动样式与段落类型初析

通过历史地震破裂、古地震重复和断层活动特征等实例的研究,揭示出活动断层至少存在8种滑动样式及其相应的段落。这些段落以滑动特征而论可归纳为稳定型、暂时型、随变型和萎缩型4大类,而据发震特点则可分为典型特征地震型、广义特征地震型和非特征地震型。稳定型段落为活动断层的最重要、最普遍的类型     

景泰-天祝断裂单元与多重特征地震的危险性概率评估

基于景泰 -天祝断裂的大比例活动构造填图资料 ,建立了合理的破裂分段地质模型。在此基础上 ,采用地震危险性分析的“实时模型”并考虑断层段之间的相互作用 ,对景泰 -天祝断裂的大震危险性概率作了定量评估。所得结果认为 ,景泰 -天祝断裂的下次大震很可能是毛毛山与金强河两个单元破裂段的组合破裂 ,震级约MS7 5。未来 10 ,2 0 ,5 0 ,10 0a内最可能的发震概率分别是 14%、2 7%、5 6 %和 81%     

东秦岭卢氏盆地最新活动特征及铁炉子断裂尾端构造特点

利用区域水系形态研究构造活动特征已有丰富经验,可知铁炉子—栾川—南召断裂带西段——铁炉子断裂,晚更新世以来左旋走滑速率为1.25 mm/a,而东段——栾川—南召断裂则为早—中更新世活动段,2段具有明显的活动性差异,研究二者的构造转换方式,有助于了解块体运动在该断裂带内不同段落间的平衡方式。铁炉子段在洛南盆地分为南北两支,南支断裂下盘发育的冲沟普遍流向北,呈“平行状”水系,而北支断裂下盘发育的冲沟则流向南,并在断层附近有左旋扭动迹象;卢氏盆地中部发育NE走向的沉降中心,剖面分析结果表明,该沉降中心东侧普遍高出西侧70—80 m,结合遥感影像,初步认为卢氏盆地的最新活动或已由盆地边缘向盆地内部迁移,并与铁炉子段尾端组成伸展转换区,最终导致铁炉子断裂与栾川—南召断裂的活动性差异。     

Recurrence characteristics of late-quaternary strong earthquakes on the major active faults along the northern border of Ordos block

Through study on trenches, analysis of recurrence characteristics and recurrence interval cluster/gap of strong earthquakes along the major active faults on the northern border of Ordos block, we found 62 paleoearthquakes that occurred in the late Quaternary, including 33 earthquakes occurring in the Holocene. The recurrence characteristics of the paleoearthquakes are different at three levels, segments, faults, and fault zones. The strong seismic sequence on the independent segments is mostly characterized by long- and short-interval recurrences, while that on the faults and in fault zone is characterized clearly by random and cluster recurrences. Results of the moving window test indicate that the probabilities of "temporal cluster or gap", caused by random coincidence as opposed to intersegment contagion, are 64% and 70% for the Serteng piedmont fault and for the south-border fault of Wula Mountains, respectively, no clear interaction among the segments of each fault; while the probability is 26.8% for the whole fault zone, suggesting a clear interaction among the faults of this fault zone. These recurrence characteristics may imply an effect of the entire block motion on the recurrence of strong earthquakes. Moreover, the elapsed time for the Wujumeng Pass-Dongfeng Village segment of Serteng piedmont fault and the Tuzuo Banner-Wusutu and the Hohhot segments of Daqingshan piedmont fault has exceeded the average recurrence interval, hence these three segments may be the possible places for future strong earthquakes.     

沧东断裂第四纪活动性探测结果

根据人工地震探测结果,分别在天津东丽区山岭子村北、大港区中塘村和宁河县北淮淀村布设了三条钻孔剖面,对沧东断裂开展了钻孔勘探工作。经微体古生物鉴定和地层年代测试,确定了各钻孔第一、第二、第三和第四海相层的位置。通过以海相层为标志层的地层对比并结合中塘村BZ1孔古地磁测试结果,对沧东断裂的活动性进行了分析研究。结果表明,沧东断裂晚更新世以来没有发现活动的迹象,其最新活动年代可能在中更新世。如果以海河断裂为界,从位于沧东断裂北部的北淮淀钻孔剖面和位于南部的中塘钻孔剖面的地层对比发现,沧东断裂北段、南段活动性差异不大。同时,已有的一些研究表明,海相层的观测可能对地震信息反映较好。除沧东断裂探测外,天津南、北断裂、海河断裂对21口钻孔进行了海相层鉴定,目前开展的蓟运河断裂探测也将对海相层位置进行确定,这些结果,对利用咸水层观测地震信息的层位选择有很大帮助。     

Seismotectonics of the Median Tectonic Line in southwest Japan: Implications for coupling among major fault systems

The relationship between the slip activity and occurrence of historical earthquakes along the Median Tectonic Line (MTL), together with that of the fault systems extending eastward has been examined. The MTL is divided into three segments, each containing diagnostic active faults. No historical earthquakes have been recorded along the central segment, although the segment has faster Quaternary slip rates compared with the other segments that have generated historical earthquakes. This discrepancy between earthquake generation and slip rate can be explained by a microplate model of southwest Japan. The microplate model also provides spatial and temporal coupling of slip on adjacent fault systems. In the context of this model, slip on adjacent faults reduces the normal stress on the MTL. Historical data and paleoseismic evidence indicate that slip on this segment occurs without significant strong ground motion. We interpret this as indicating anomalously slow seismic slip or aseismic slip. Slip on the central segment of the MTL creates transpressional regions at the eastern and western segments where historical earthquakes were recorded. Alternatively, the earthquakes at the eastern and western segments were triggered and concentrated shear stress at the edge of the segments resulted in postseismic slip along the central segment. The sequence of historical events suggests that the MTL characteristically does not produce great earthquakes. The microplate model also provides a tectonic framework for coupling of events among the MTL, the adjacent fault systems and the Nankai trough.     

山西长治断裂的基本特征与第四纪活动性研究

实地调查表明,山西长治断裂由三段组成,南段和中段为西倾正断层,北段为东倾正断层,总体走向北东25o,长达65km,控制着附近山地与第四纪山间盆地的构造演化和地貌发育;第四纪早期,断裂发生强烈的垂直差异活动,最大垂直活动幅度可达400m左右;第四纪晚期,断裂活动性明显减弱,中段仍有活动,至少发生过两期活动,第—期活动发生于距今10.88万年左右或以后、1.49万年以前,第二期活动发生于距今1.49万年以后,垂直错距0.65m。     

大同－阳原盆地南缘断裂带的晚第四纪分段和构造地貌变异

大同－阳原盆地南缘断裂带是北京西北～山西北部盆－岭区的一条最大的断层。晚第四纪断层崖高度和高度分布型式把断裂带分为西南和东北两个段落。该断裂带在山前带和山麓坡的构造地貌、微地文期演化历史方面存在着明显的分段变异。构造地貌过程的速度和断层习性差异，以及段落边界的重叠断层特征，是构造地貌变异的直接原因     

地貌参数揭示的三危山构造活动性差异及其原因探讨

三危山断裂位于青藏高原北缘,沿三危山西北麓展布,全长约175 km。根据其几何特征,可以将断裂分为三段:西段(西水沟—树沟子段)、中段(树沟子—十工口子段)和东段(十工口子—双塔段),其构造活动强度与地貌发育程度各段存在明显差异。根据断层陡坎测量和区域年代对比,三危山断裂西段垂直滑动速率约0.1 mm/a,中东段则较低。为进一步量化三危山断裂对研究区地形地貌的影响,利用地貌因子(高程、坡度、河道陡峭指数值和河道坡降指数值)对三危山各段地貌特征进行定量化分析。结果显示三危山西段值远大于中东段,揭示三危山抬升速率西段大于中东段,反映出地貌形态对活动构造具有良好的响应。对比岩性、降雨及构造活动,分析认为三危山断裂分段活动是造成三危山差异抬升的主要原因,而鸣沙山断裂的新活动及巴兔山断裂对中东段变形量的吸收也加速了三危山西段的隆升。