“运动+钙剂”在骨质疏松症防治中的应用

目前,骨质疏松症作为一种十分流行的疾病,已被人们看作是一个严重影响人类健康的公共卫生问题,但到目前为止,人们对骨质疏松的确切发病机制仍不十分清楚.在骨质疏松的防治方法中,运动疗法已被认为是一种十分必要的手段.“运动 钙剂”对于骨质疏松症的防治起着重要的作用.因而,合理参加体育运动和科学的补钙就显得尤为重要.     

骨量下降期骨质疏松症运动征处方的探讨 ——BMD高值人群有效体质指标的筛选

随着生活水平的不断提高，人口老龄化进程的不断加速，骨质疏松症作为中老年人群中发生骨折的主要危险因素正迅速成为全球性的公共卫生问题。目前，关于骨质疏松症的防治研究工作主要集中于膳食结构和药物两个方面，而忽视了运动对骨代谢的积极作用。并且，为数不多的关于运动与骨质疏松症的研究也缺乏运动种类和运动部位的的研究。     

运动对原发性骨质疏松的影响

骨质疏松症是一个严重影响人类健康的公共卫生问题,在骨质疏松的防治方法中,运动疗法已被认为是一种十分必要的手段.     

骨质疏松症及其运动疗法

随着现代化进程的加速,劳动强度的减小、生活习惯的改变,骨质疏松症已成为严重影响老年人生活质量的重要疾病之一.骨质疏松后即使是在轻微外伤的情况下也极易发生骨折,且产生各种并发症,甚至危及生命.本文在论述骨质疏松症的临床症状及发生机理的基础上,着重从运动对防治骨质疏松症的作用,以及采用不同形式、不同强度的力量性、高冲击性、耐力性等运动手段防治骨质疏松症进行了比较分析,为老年人及老年骨质疏松症患者有针对性地制订运动处方、有效地进行运动干预提供参考依据.     

运动对老年性骨质疏松的干预作用研究

老年性骨质疏松症是一类中老年多发疾病,国内外相关学者一直不断进行其机制及防治方法的研究,对骨质疏松症的成因进行了深入的研究与分析,并对其防治手段进行探索,其中运动干预疗法因可操作性强、安全无副作用被广大学者所认可.通过搜集大量相关文献,对老年性骨质疏松症进行概述、归纳总结其治疗办法,并对运动干预疗法进行了系统的阐述和分析,提出当前研究中所存在的不足及对未来研究的展望,旨在为防治老年性骨质疏松症的深入研究提供相应的理论依据及参考.     

运动和选择性雌激素受体调节剂结合

骨质疏松症是世界范围内严重的公共卫生问题,是老年人尤其是绝经后妇女常见、多发的骨代谢疾病,已成为危害人类健康的土要疾病.骨质疏松症的预防和治疗中运动疗法被广大人群所接受的一种,必要手段,雌激素的替代疗法对绝经后女性骨质疏松的治疗也被普遍采用.本文在查阅了近10年的文献基础上通过文献资料法对分别将运动利选择性雌激素调节剂对绝经后女性骨代谢的影响进行了综述,并着重从骨生物力学方而对骨质疏松的防治进行了可行性分析.     

雌激素、运动与绝经后骨质疏松症

雌激素替代疗法和运动疗法在防治绝经后骨质疏松症中具有重要作用.笔者就雌激素与运动防治绝经后骨质疏松症的可能作用机制及其联合作用效果的研究进展作一综述.     

妇女骨质疏松症与运动

从运动对妇女骨质密度及妇女疏松症的影响方面进行文献评述,并提出了运动促进妇女骨质疏松症康复研究新建议,以期为预防和治疗骨质疏松症提供科学的参考依据。     

运动和选择性雌激素受体调节剂结合对绝经后女性骨代谢的影响

骨质疏松症是世界范围内严重的公共卫生问题,是老年人尤其是绝经后妇女常见、多发的骨代谢疾病,己成为危害人类健康的土要疾病。骨质疏松症的预防和治疗中运动疗法被广大人群所接受的一种必要手段,雌激素的替代疗法对绝经后女性骨质疏松的治疗也被普遍采用。本文在查阅了近10年的文献基础上通过文献资料法对分别将运动利选择性雌激素调节剂对绝经后女性骨代谢的影响进行了综述,并着重从骨生物力学方而对骨质疏松的防治进行了可行性分析。     

体育锻炼对骨密度的影响

采用文献资料研究法,综述运动项目、肌力以及运动引起激素改变对骨密度(BMD)的影响,从而为进一步研究运动防治骨质疏松症提供了理论依据。     

论“体教结合”和“教体结合”的同化与异化

从“体教结合”和“教体结合”概念分析入手,阐述了“体教结合”和“教体结合”两种培养竞技体育人才模式的现状及发展情况。从概念的范畴、内容的指向性、发展目标、培养的思路、培养的理念等五方面探讨了“体教结合”和“教体结合”两种培养模式的趋同性;从所处地位、培养对象、培养形式、结合模式、学训方式,以及资源配置等方面探讨了二者之间存在的差异性。认为区分二者的异同点,将有助于我们进行理性的思考,科学的决策,不断促进我国体育事业的可持续发展。     

普通高校田径教学模式研究

采取问卷调查、专家访谈、文献资料等研究方法，对普通高校田径课教学现状进行调查发现，田径课教学正面临巨大的困境。造成的主要原因是：教学内容陈旧，缺乏趣味性；教学方法单一，缺乏创新；组织形式呆板枯燥，使学生产生厌学情绪。考试评价体系标准规则化，定量化，使学生对掌握田径运动的实用性、健身性产生怀疑。思想认识与资源开发不足，使田径课教学失去有力保证。     

体育仪器器材研制工作的特点和方法

体育科研和训练用仪器器材的研制工作,有其自身的特点和规律。必须实行理论研究与应用研究;训练器材与训练理论和方法;训练、测试与诊断、评定;工程技术知识与体育科学知识;工程技术人员与教练员、运动员的结合。     

艺术体操和健美操的同异及教学中的互补作用

艺术体操和健美操是深受广大群众喜爱的两个体育项目，它们有共同的特征，也有不同的特点，在教学中将两者适当的结合起来，发挥它们的互补作用，可提高教学质量，达到更完美的锻炼效果。     

高校武术教学与改革的调查研究

围绕高校武术教学的现状和改革,对河南省18所高校的1 336名学生和25名武术教师分别进行了问卷和走访调查。结果显示,武术是高校学生很感兴趣的教学项目,我们对此并没有重视,存在教学器材匮乏、教学内容陈旧等问题。其改革应从转变观念、改善课程结构、精选教材等方面进行。     

Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition

For a person undertaking regular exercise, any fluid deficit that is incurred during one exercise session can potentially compromise the next exercise session if adequate fluid replacement does not occur. Fluid replacement after exercise can, therefore, frequently be thought of as hydration before the next exercise bout. The importance of ensuring euhydration before exercise and the potential benefits of temporary hyperhydration with sodium salts or glycerol solutions are also important issues. Post-exercise restoration of fluid balance after sweat-induced dehydration avoids the detrimental effects of a body water deficit on physiological function and subsequent exercise performance. For effective restoration of fluid balance, the consumption of a volume of fluid in excess of the sweat loss and replacement of electrolyte, particularly sodium, losses are essential. Intravenous fluid replacement after exercise has been investigated to a lesser extent and its role for fluid replacement in the dehydrated but otherwise well athlete remains equivocal.     

Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery

An important goal of the athlete's everyday diet is to provide the muscle with substrates to fuel the training programme that will achieve optimal adaptation for performance enhancements. In reviewing the scientific literature on post-exercise glycogen storage since 1991, the following guidelines for the training diet are proposed. Athletes should aim to achieve carbohydrate intakes to meet the fuel requirements of their training programme and to optimize restoration of muscle glycogen stores between workouts. General recommendations can be provided, preferably in terms of grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of the athlete's body mass, but should be fine-tuned with individual consideration of total energy needs, specific training needs and feedback from training performance. It is valuable to choose nutrient-rich carbohydrate foods and to add other foods to recovery meals and snacks to provide a good source of protein and other nutrients. These nutrients may assist in other recovery processes and, in the case of protein, may promote additional glycogen recovery when carbohydrate intake is suboptimal or when frequent snacking is not possible. When the period between exercise sessions is <8?h, the athlete should begin carbohydrate intake as soon as practical after the first workout to maximize the effective recovery time between sessions. There may be some advantages in meeting carbohydrate intake targets as a series of snacks during the early recovery phase, but during longer recovery periods (24?h) the athlete should organize the pattern and timing of carbohydrate-rich meals and snacks according to what is practical and comfortable for their individual situation. Carbohydrate-rich foods with a moderate to high glycaemic index provide a readily available source of carbohydrate for muscle glycogen synthesis, and should be the major carbohydrate choices in recovery meals. Although there is new interest in the recovery of intramuscular triglyceride stores between training sessions, there is no evidence that diets which are high in fat and restricted in carbohydrate enhance training.     

健美操与我国女性"美与健"思想的发展和完善

通过文献资料调研及访问专家等方法，对伴随健美操发展的女性健身思想的发展与演变进行分析，认为我国现代女性健身思想经历了形成期，以“美”为主导期及以“健康”为指导的三个时期。目前，正在朝着健康化、科学化的方向发展并试图开创以“健康”理念指导健身运动的良好局面。     

Implicit and Explicit Exercise and Sedentary Identity

We examined the relationship between implicit and explicit “exerciser” and “sedentary” self-identity when activated by stereotypes. Undergraduate participants (N = 141) wrote essays about university students who either liked to exercise or engage in sedentary activities. This was followed by an implicit identity task and an explicit measure of exercise self-identity. Results showed that implicit and explicit exerciser identities were not highly correlated. There were also no significant prime effects, but women showed greater implicit sedentary identity, whereas men showed greater implicit exercise identity. This research suggests that implicit exercise-related identity is a distinct construct from explicit exercise identity. The results also reflect responses to societal pressures for women to be thin and for men to be strong, when free of self-presentational bias.     

体育、运动、休闲之概念与内涵——台湾地区之应用和诠释

采用文献资料法,从体育、运动和休闲等视角,对台湾地区休闲运动的概念表达和使用状况进行研究.发现:台湾地区的体育、运动和休闲概念的标识和使用经历着变化发展的过程.在今后的台湾地区相关概念使用中将延续如下发展趋势:行政机构和中小学用体育涵盖运动休闲;大学和学术研究中将运动、休闲和体育进行区分;新闻媒体和产业则偏向用休闲、运动取代体育.