高校公体健美操课堂教学探析

健美操对促进大学生全面发展，起着积极的作用，通过对健美操在体育教学中的作用、公体健美操教学存在的问题等进行讨论和分析，提出了提高健美操课教学质量的建议。     

浅谈高校健美操选项课教学方法及注意事项

健美操教学方法是实现健美操教学任务和目标的方式、途径、手段的总称.健美操教学方法在实现健美操教学任务和目标中起着桥梁和中介的作用.本文对健美操教学方法,特别是目前国内较流行的教学方法进行了阐述,并且提出了各个教学方法运用时的注意事项.     

游戏法在女生健美操课中运用的实验研究

健美操是高校体育课一项基本内容,游戏法是体育课教学的一种辅助教学方法.在健美操课中运用游戏法,活跃课堂气氛,提高学生学习的积极性,对提高学生的身体素质、帮助学生掌握技术,促进学生掌握知识与技能起着积极的作用,有良好的教学效果.     

新视角洞察健美操课中的小组合作学习

本文从健美操课中实施小组合作学习的必要性为切入点，阐明了小组合作学习在健美操教学中对于大学生的人际交往的改善、提高其精神质量及体验成功并且获得成就感起着举足轻重的作用。     

健美操课教学的分析与研究

健美操对促进大学生全面发展,起着积极的作用,本文对健美操课的运动强度、密度、间歇时间,教学内容、教学方法等进行讨论和分析,提出了提高健美操课教学质量的建议。     

健美操对大学生审美教育的作用

在健美操的教授过程中,教学开展的方式、方法对审美教育的效果起着很重要的作用。     

健美操教学中的音乐选择及其作用

音乐是健美操的“灵魂”它在健美教学中作用非常突出，可以激发人的情感，陶冶情操，并对健美操动作的设计起着诱导作用；选择适合的音乐能够帮助学生达到良好的锻炼效果，起到事半功倍的教学效果。     

体能对竞技健美操运动员的重要性

随着竞技健美操运动的迅猛发展,体能对竞技健美操运动员来在其中起着至关重要的作用,但我国大多数健美操运动员体能水平普遍较低,本文着重产述了构成竞技健美操体能的相关因素,从而使广大竟技健美操教练员,运动员在训练中有据可依,提高运动水平。     

柔韧素质在健美操教学中的作用及练习方法

随着我国教育事业的不断改革,我国的教学内容得到了丰富与充实。在体育教学当中,健美操教学是一项重要的教学内容,更是对广大学生具有强大吸引力的教学内容。柔韧素质对于学生的健美操学习能力有着直接影响,因此,柔韧素质在健美操教学中的作用以及练习方法成了健美操教育人士的重要研究。要想在健美操运动当中实现健身目标,提高健美操的美观度就必须要进行柔韧素质的提高,利用正确的柔韧素质发展方法。所以,本文以柔韧素质在健美操教学中的作用及练习方法为题,对柔韧素质在健美操教学中的重要性进行分析,阐述正确新颖的柔韧素质教学方法。     

普通高校女子健美操专项课力练习量探讨

１　前　言健美操运动在我国方兴未艾,女子健美操已正式编入我国高校体育课教材中,但是对女子健美操课的结构安排,特别是对力量练习教学手段方法以及运动量的掌握等方面的研究,还不够深入,因此直接影响了健美操课质量和水平的提高。为解决这一课题,对我校近三年来女子健美操课进行分析研究,从学生的基础素质条件、对健美操的认识水平、从事健美操的教学与训练去分析力量练习对提高健美操质量的作用,并重点阐述女子健美操力量练习的手段、方法和教学原则与要求。这对进一步改进与提高健美操专项课的教学与训练,提高课的质量与水平都…     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

全国城乡学生体质20年动态分析

基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。     

定向运动对大学生身心健康发展的实践研究

采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

摔跤常见技术动作开始的发力特征研究

采用专门研制的摔跤测力装置,对过胸摔、挟颈背、拉臂转移和滚桥技术动作开始发力的力学特征进行测试分析,结果表明,上述动作开始的发力具有力值大和力的梯度大的特点,均有爆发用力的特征。其中过胸摔和滚桥主要把位发力最大,其总合力和力的梯度也最大。     

按摩器刺激对提高普通高校健美操专选学生柔韧性训练效果的实验研究

柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。     

我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究

采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。