骨内腱鞘囊肿的CT影像学表现

目的:回顾性分析了19例经病理证实的骨内腱鞘囊肿病例的影像学资料,以提高骨内腱鞘囊肿的影像学诊断正确率。材料和方法:本组19例做了CT扫描检查,其中5例做了三维重建;所有病例均经手术病理检查证实。结果:19例,共25个病灶,15例为单发性,4例为多发性,其中1例为双侧对称性。病灶位于关节软骨下,低密度,边缘可有硬化,骨皮质可有断裂,三维重建显示病灶与关节腔相通。结论:骨内腱鞘囊肿的CT特征为:邻近关节面的圆形或不规则的单发或多发性骨质缺损,有间隔,边缘硬化,境界清晰。     

Norandrosterone and noretiocholanolone concentration before and after submaximal standardized exercise

19-Norandrosterone (19-NA) and 19-noretiocholanolone (19-NE) are the two main urinary indicators used to detect illegal use of nandrolone. Recent studies showed that 19-NA and 19-NE can be endogenously produced in non-treated humans. The concentrations were close to the threshold of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), i.e. 2 ng/ml for men and seem to increase after prolonged intense effort. Androgens are involved in the biosynthesis of estrogens and estrogen has a protective effect against skeletal muscle damage following eccentric exercise. Furthermore, the testicular tissue can synthesize 19-norandrogens from androgens, we hypothetisize that the 19-norandrogen production might be influenced by muscle damage following eccentric exercise. Therefore the purpose of this study is to examine if three different exercise methods will influence the urinary concentration of 19-NA and 19-NE in healthy young subjects. Fifteen amateur hockey players undertook a 30 min submaximal standardized exercise protocol. They were randomised for three different types of exercise, namely a cycle ergometer test (cyclic muscle activity), a treadmill test (concentric muscle activity), or a bench-steptest (eccentric muscle activity) at a target heart rate corresponding to 65 % (+/- 5 %) of Karvonen heart rate. Urine samples were obtained before the test and 60 min and 120 min after the end of exercise. Subjects completed a Likert scale of muscle soreness before and 12 h after exercise. 19-NA and 19-NE were determined by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS). Baseline urinary 19-NA and 19-NE concentrations were under limit of detection of 0.05 ng/ml, except for one sample (0.13 ng/ml). No 19-NA or 19-NE could be detected post exercise. In our experimental conditions, the exercise mode (eccentric or concentric) had no impact on 19-NA or 19-NE excretion. Our findings confirm that the current International Olympic Committee threshold level for nandrolone metabolites is sufficiently high to avoid false positive cases.     

跨膜蛋白受体在LRRC19调节机体先天免疫应答反应中的作用

目的 确定已初步鉴定的富亮氨酸重复结构(LRR)蛋白家族成员LRRC19在脾细胞中的表达及定位,并对其功能进行初步研究.方法 通过生物信息学技术预测LRRC19蛋白结构;mRNA原位杂交和RT-PCR检测LRRC19 mRNA在小鼠脾组织以及不同脾细胞中的表达;以不同细菌刺激LRRC19转染的293T细胞,通过分泌性碱性磷酸酶(SEAP)检测技术观察细胞分泌的NF-κB活性的改变.结果 LRRC19是一种跨膜蛋白,属于LRR蛋白家族成员,胞外区存在串联排列的4个LRR基序,有单一的跨膜结构域,胞内区有2个酪蛋白激酶2(CK2)磷酸化位点;mRNA原位杂交和RT-PCR结果显示,LRRC19 mRNA在脾脏主要表达于B1淋巴细胞;体外实验证实,多种细菌均可使转染LRRC19的细胞NF-κB活性增强.结论 LRRC19可能是一种跨膜受体,可识别不同的病原体保守分子,可能参与介导细胞信号转导,激活NF-κB信号途径,启动靶基因转录,调节先天免疫应答过程.     

宫颈癌中H19基因的特异表达模式及印记缺失分析

目的探讨H19等位基因在宫颈癌中特异性表达的模式,H19基因的基因组印记缺失与宫颈癌两者之间的关系。方法结合PCR和限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）技术以及DNA甲基化检测技术分析我院收集的宫颈癌标本H19等位基因进行杂合子筛选,并进一步研究基因组印记缺失与宫颈癌两者之间的关系。结果在36例宫颈癌中筛选出16例杂合子现象的标本,在这16例杂合子标本中,有7例发生了基因组印记缺失;H19基因发生基因组缺失现象与其启动子区域的高度去甲基化正相关。结论H19基因的基因组印记缺失可能和宫颈癌的发生有着高度的相关性。     

孕妇血清和胚胎组织中微小病毒B19 DNA的检出

作者建立了检测人微小病毒Ｂ１９（ＨＰＶ－Ｂ１９）的ＰＣＲ方法。两对引物（Ｐ１Ｐ２和Ｐ３Ｐ４）的设计均位于编码ＨＰＶ－Ｂ１９衣壳蛋白ＶＰ１基因区内，扩增产物分别为７００ ｂｐ和１０４ ｂｐ。比较Ｐ１Ｐ２－ＰＣＲ和Ｐ３Ｐ４－ＰＣＲ，二者均具有高度特异性和第三性，ＨＰＶ－Ｂ１９ ＤＮＡ最小检同量分别为５ ｆｇ。应用Ｐ１Ｐ２－ＰＣＲ对３２份孕妇血清和２１份胚胎组织标本进行了ＨＰＶ－Ｂ１９ ＤＮＡ的检测，结     

Fluorine-19 fast recovery fast spin echo imaging for mapping 5-fluorouracil.

We investigated the effects of fast recovery (FR) to increase the sensitivity of fluorine-19 ((19)F) fast spin echo (FSE) in mapping 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its metabolites. We added an additional 90 degrees pulse (which flips back longitudinal magnetization at the end of the sequence) to the chemical shift selective (19)F FSE pulse sequence. In 5-FU solution, FR remarkably improved the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of (19)F 5-FU images, having higher effects with shorter repetition time and smaller echo train numbers. In animal studies, FR produced a conspicuous increase in (19)F signals in the urinary bladder. FR effects for (19)F signals in the liver were smaller than those in other organs but still substantial. Utilization of FR in (19)F FSE images promises more sensitive observation of (19)F metabolite maps of 5-FU and other (19)F-containing compounds that have relatively long relaxation times.     

Radiologist Reporting and Operational Management for Patients With Suspected COVID-19

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the adoption and outcomes of locally designed reporting guidelines for patients with possible coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsA departmental guideline was developed for radiologists that specified reporting terminology and required communication for patients with imaging findings suggestive of COVID-19, on the basis of patient test status and imaging indication. In this retrospective study, radiology reports completed from March 1, 2020, to May 3, 2020, that mentioned COVID-19 were reviewed. Reports were divided into patients with known COVID-19, patients with “suspected” COVID-19 (having an order indication of respiratory or infectious signs or symptoms), and “unsuspected patients” (other order indications, eg, trauma or non–chest pain). The primary outcome was the percentage of COVID-19 reports using recommended terminology; the secondary outcome was percentages of suspected and unsuspected patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Relationships between categorical variables were assessed using the Fisher exact test.ResultsAmong 77,400 total reports, 1,083 suggested COVID-19 on the basis of imaging findings; 774 of COVID-19 reports (71%) used recommended terminology. Of 574 patients without known COVID-19 at the time of interpretation, 345 (60%) were eventually diagnosed with COVID-19, including 61% (315 of 516) of suspected and 52% (30 of 58) of unsuspected patients. Nearly all unsuspected patients (46 of 58) were identified on CT.ConclusionsRadiologists rapidly adopted recommended reporting terminology for patients with suspected COVID-19. The majority of patients for whom radiologists raised concern for COVID-19 were subsequently diagnosed with the disease, including the majority of clinically unsuspected patients. Using unambiguous terminology and timely notification about previously unsuspected patients will become increasingly critical to facilitate COVID-19 testing and contact tracing as states begin to lift restrictions.     

依据CYP2C19基因型调整首次PCI术后患者氯吡格雷给药剂量初步研究

目的本研究旨在探讨CYP2C19基因多态性与二磷酸腺苷（ADP）抑制率之间的关系,以期能够早期预测氯吡格雷抵抗,为氯吡格雷的个体化用药提供参考依据。方法选取127例诊断为急性冠脉综合症并首次接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术（PCI）的患者为研究对象,采取血标本并提取外周血基因组DNA,将提取后的总DNA进行PCR扩增,扩增产物经纯化后进行双向测序确定基因型,根据不同的基因型对患者进行分组;使用血栓弹力图测定ADP诱导的血小板聚集抑制率;多组均数间比较采用方差分析,多组均数间两两比较采用LSD-t检验,所有数据应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学处理。结果 127例患者中各基因型所占比例：CYP2C19＊1/＊1为41.7%,CYP2C19＊1/＊2为35.4%,CYP2C19＊1/＊3为11.8%,CYP2C19＊2/＊2为5.5%,CYP2C19＊2/＊3为5.5%,CYP2C19＊3/＊3为0%。携带正常基因纯合子（CYP2C19＊1/＊1）的A组患者与携带有正常基因与突变基因杂合子（CYP2C19＊1/＊2或CYP2C19＊1/＊3）的B组患者ADP抑制率并无显著性差异,携带突变基因纯合子或杂合子的C组患者与B组和A组均有显著性差异（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）。结论首次PCI术后携带CYP2C19突变基因纯合子或杂合子（CYP2C19＊2/＊2、CYP2C19＊3/＊3或CYP2C19＊2/＊3）的患者建议使用联合抗凝治疗。     

The urgency of legal regulations existence in case of COVID-19 vaccination refusal in Indonesia

This study investigated the problem of refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop regulations governing sanctions for refusing the COVID-19 vaccine and include these sanctions on informed consent documents. An informed consent document can be provided when health workers give a person a COVID-19 vaccine and be used as concrete evidence that a person refused to be vaccinated. This is very important considering that the COVID-19 vaccination program is expected to be able to accelerate COVID-19 management and prevention by achieving herd immunity. In this study, the researchers applied a socio-legal research method. This study investigated several aspects, the first is the issue of the refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine and the second are the legal considerations. The third aspect is a regulation model to deal with the issue of COVID-19 vaccine refusal.     

角蛋白19在皮肤癌组织中表达特征的实验研究

目的：了解角蛋白19在皮肤鳞癌和皮肤基底细胞癌组织中的表达特征。方法：选择皮肤鳞癌标本6个和皮肤基底细胞癌标本4个，分别切取癌组织各一块，同时切取正常皮肤组织2块作对照，应用过氧化酶标记的链霉卯白素(SP)免疫组化法，以小鼠抗人角蛋白19型的单克隆抗体来检测角蛋白19表达阳性细胞。结果：正常皮肤组织只有表皮基底细胞层和附属器的部分细胞表达角蛋白19：1级鳞癌组织中无角蛋白19表达阳性细胞，但有部分细胞核大小不等，形态各异，而且细胞分布较紊乱，并有许多角化珠；Ⅱ级皮肤鳞癌有局灶性的角蛋白19表达阳性细胞，这些细胞分布紊乱，细胞核大小不等，形态各异；Ⅲ级皮肤鳞癌和基底细胞癌组织内有大量的角蛋白19表达阳性细胞，且分布紊乱，其核大小不等，形态各异。结论：角蛋白19在皮肤鳞癌组织中的表达特征与皮肤鳞癌的分化程度有关，分化程度越低，角蛋白19表达越强，分化程度越高，角蛋白19表达越弱，甚至不表达。     

18F-FDG PET/CT在新型冠状病毒肺炎诊断中的应用

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）被发现以来,迅速蔓延,其早期诊断有利于患者的及时救治和疾病进一步传播的有效控制。目前,诊断的依据是流行病史、临床表现、影像学特征和逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）检测结果,其中RT-PCR检测到新型冠状病毒核酸阳性是COVID-19确诊的主要依据,影像学特征尤其是肺部高分辨率CT表现则是诊断该病的重要临床依据。作为一种被广泛应用的影像学方法,18F-FDG PET/CT在COVID-19中的价值仍未可知。笔者分析了18F-FDG PET/CT在COVID-19中的诊断和鉴别诊断的价值,以及评估COVID-19患者纵隔淋巴结受累情况方面的潜在应用,讨论了COVID-19患者肺外器官和组织受累可能出现的18F-FDG PET/CT影像学表现。     

结肠癌组织Med-19的表达及临床意义

 目的 检测Med-19在结肠癌组织中的表达水平及与病理学特征的相关性。 方法 利用免疫组织化学法检测Med-19在115例结肠癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况。 结果 结肠癌组织Med-19的阳性表达率明显高于相应的癌旁组织（ P <0.01）;在Dukes C+D期及淋巴结转移情况下,Med-19基因表达水平均明显高于相对应组别( P <0.05或 P <0.01);Med-19表达与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、分化程度均无明显相关性（ P ＞0.05）。 结论 Med-19在结肠癌组织中高表达,其表达水平与结肠癌生物学行为密切相关。     

恶性肿瘤B19病毒基因的检测及临床应用研究

 目的探讨恶性肿瘤患者人细小病毒B19的感染状况及其与恶性肿瘤的相关性.方法应用巢式PCR方法对168例恶性肿瘤患者及对照组48例非肿瘤患者血标本进行B19病毒基因检测.结果(1)肿瘤组B19-DNA阳性率21.4%(36/168),其中妇科肿瘤36.4%(4/11),与对照组2.08%(1/48)相比,差异非常显著(P＜0.01);(2)血液系统肿瘤B19-DNA阳性率31.8%(27/85),其他恶性肿瘤阳性率10.8%(9/83),二者比较,差异非常显著(P＜0.01);(3)成人白血病阳性率21.4%(3/14),儿童白血病阳性率为33.9%(20/59),二者比较无显著差异(P＞0.05);(4)5例恶性肿瘤化疗前B19-DNA阴性,化疗期间检出了B19-DNA.结论(1)成人和儿童恶性肿瘤患者可发生B19感染;(2)血液系统肿瘤更易发生B19感染;(3)B19病毒是导致恶性肿瘤患者发生慢性贫血和骨髓增生受抑的重要病毒病因之一;(4)B19病毒与恶性肿瘤密切相关.     

Macular optical coherence tomography angiography analysis in diabetes mellitus patients with a history of Covid-19

PurposeThere is evidence of decreased vessel density in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) after Covid-19. We aimed to investigate whether the outcome of retinal vasculopathy would be worse if patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were infected with coronavirus using OCTA to assess retinal vessels.MethodsOne eye of each subject was included in the study. Diabetic patients without retinopathy and non-diabetic controls were divided into four groups according to their Covid-19 history: group 1=DM(-)Covid-19(-); group 2=DM(+)Covid-19(-); group 3=DM(-)Covid-19(+); and group 4=DM(+)Covid-19(+). All Covid-19 patients were not hospitalised. Macular OCTA scans were performed in a 6 × 6 mm area.ResultsDiabetes had no effect on the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), but Covid-19 caused an increase in FAZ area. Diabetes and Covid-19 had an effect on both the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the fovea. Eta squared (ƞ2) is a measure of effect size. The effect size of Covid-19 (ƞ2=0.180) was found to be greater than that of diabetes (ƞ2=0.158) on the SCP, whereas the effect size of diabetes (ƞ2=0.159) was found to be greater than that of Covid-19 (ƞ2=0.091) on the DCP.ConclusionsThe percentage of vessel density was lower in the fovea and the FAZ area was enlarged in the diabetic patients who recovered from Covid-19. In diabetic patients Covid-19 may lead to deterioration of vascular metrics.     

血清CA19-9水平对胰腺癌的诊断价值

探讨血清CA19 9水平对胰腺癌的诊断价值。回顾性分析 1993年 6月至 2 0 0 1年 6月间第二军医大学 3所附属医院胰腺癌住院患者共 10 31例 ,其中有明确CA19 9检测值者 778例。采用描述统计学方法和相关分析 ,研究CA19 9在胰腺癌诊断中的价值及与肿瘤分期和预后的关系。结果以CA19 9>37U/ml为参考值 ,发现 80 33%的胰腺癌患者血清CA19 9大于参考值 ,且发现CA19 9的水平与肿瘤的TNM分期有明显正相关 (r=0 5 13,P <0 0 1) ,与患者的生存期呈明显负相关 (r=- 0 4 2 7,P <0 0 1)。因此认为 ,CA19 9为诊断胰腺癌和判断病情分期及预后较好的参考指标     

肾移植患者微小病毒B19感染的实验研究

目的：研究肾移植术后微小病毒B19感染的情况。方法：采用间接ELISA的方法检测肾移植术后患者血清标本中抗微小病毒－B19（HPV－B19）IgM和IgG抗体的浓度,并与肾移植前及健康献血员进行比较。结果：肾移植后患者血清标本中HPV－B19IgM抗体的浓度和阳性率明显高于肾移植前和健康对照,而HPV－B19IgG抗体无明显改变。结论：肾移植术后,机体免疫力下降,HPV－B19感染的机率上升,可能引起以贫血为主的多系统多器官的功能障碍,影响肾移植的效果。     

人格拉利素新抗菌肽的抗菌作用研究

目的:进一步证实人格拉利素(hGlyrichin)抗菌肽的抗菌功能.方法:根据人格拉利素的氨基酸序列,设计并合成了19个氨基酸长度的多肽(pCM-19),采用试管法和菌落生成法分析该肽对靶细菌生长的影响.结果与结论:pCM-19溶液与不同靶细菌共孵育后,明显抑制了细菌的生长,对实验室常用的BL-21工程菌和多种致病菌(包括杆菌、球菌)的生长都有抑制作用.更为有趣的是对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的生长有明显抑制作用,显示了其在抗耐药菌感染中的良好前景.     

Tromboembolismo pulmonar en pacientes con COVID-19: estudio de prevalencia en un hospital terciario

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the current pandemic, predominantly affects the respiratory tract, and a growing number of publications report the predisposition of patients with COVID-19 to develop thrombotic phenomena.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19; to determine the possible relationship between the severity of pulmonary involvement and D-dimer levels; to analyze the location of pulmonary embolisms in patients with COVID-19 and to compare it with the location in patients without COVID-19.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed all CT angiograms of the pulmonary arteries done in patients with suspected pulmonary embolisms between March 15 and April 30, 2020 and compared them with studies done in the same period one year earlier.ResultsWe included 492 pulmonary CT angiograms (342 (69.9%) in patients with COVID-19 and 147 (30.1%) in patients without COVID-19). The prevalence of pulmonary embolisms was higher in patients with COVID-19 (26% vs. 16.3% in patients without COVID-19, p=0.0197; relative risk=1.6). The prevalence of pulmonary embolisms in the same period in 2019 was 13.2%, similar to that of the group of COVID-19-negative patients in 2020 (p=0.43). There were no significant differences in D-dimer levels or the location of pulmonary embolisms between the two groups. CT showed moderate or severe pulmonary involvement in 78.7% of the patients with COVID-19.ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 have an increased prevalence of pulmonary embolisms (26%), and most (78.7%) have moderate or severe lung involvement on CT studies. The location of pulmonary embolisms and the degree of elevation of D-dimer levels does not differ between patients with COVID-19 and those without.     

邻关节骨囊肿的CT、MR表现特点

目的探讨邻关节骨囊肿的影像学诊断。方法本组共36例经病理证实的邻关节骨囊肿病例,其中19例做了CT扫描检查,17例做了MRI检查,5例(5/36)同期做了CT和MRI检查。结果邻关节骨囊肿的CT上主要表现呈圆形或卵圆形的低密度病灶,边缘可见硬化,单房或多房,骨皮质可有断裂,病灶多位于关节软骨下,三维重建显示病灶与关节腔相通;MRI上主要表现呈类圆形或不规则形病灶,T1WI上为均匀的低信号,T2WI上为均匀的高信号,在STIR图像中异常信号未被抑制,病灶位于关节软骨下,增强扫描病灶边缘环形强化;病灶与关节相通。结论CT和MR是检测这类病变的重要手段。