诱导化疗联合同步放化疗对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的评价诱导化疗联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。方法将57例不能手术的局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为两组,观察组(n=29)给予诱导化疗+同步放化疗,对照组(n=28)仅给予同步放化疗,比较两组患者的近期疗效及毒副反应。结果所有患者均顺利完成治疗,观察组总有效率为75.9%,对照组为64.3%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、白细胞减少及恶心呕吐发生率分别为31%、37.9%、44.8%和24.1%;对照组为25%、10.7%、17.9%和21.4%,两组放射性肺炎发生率、白细胞减少发生率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组发生率较低。结论诱导化疗联合同步放化疗与同步放化疗相比不能提高局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效,且毒副反应较重。     

同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效观察

目的探讨同步放化疗与序贯放化疗治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法选择我院2006年1月至2010年1月收治入院的采用第一阶段采用常规照射,第二阶段采用适形放疗;同时予GP（吉西他滨＋顺铂）方案4个周期化疗的局部晚期NSCLC患者100例作为观察组,选择我院往期采用第一阶段采用常规照射,第二阶段采用适形放疗;放疗结束2周后给予化疗的局部晚期NSCLC患者100例作为对照组。比较两组患者近期疗效和毒副反应。结果同步组有效率为67%,其中完全缓解（CR）者为25%,序贯组有效率为44%,其中CR者为14%,两组有效率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而在CR方面差异并不显著（P＞0.05）。全部患者主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐、放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎,经对症处理,患者均能耐受。结论同步放化疗较序贯放化疗能明显提高近期有效率,其毒副反应能为大多数患者所耐受,但远期疗效有待于进一步观察。     

NP方案联合三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性观察

目的：观察NP方案联合三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性。方法：56例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者根据治疗方法不同随机分为三维适形放疗联合NP方案化疗组（观察组,28例）与单纯放疗组（对照组,28例）,比较两组疗效及毒副反应情况。结果：观察组的疗效明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。两组的1年生存率、2年生存率比较,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论：NP方案联合三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效确切,有效率高,近期疗效理想,提高了患者的生存率。     

适形放疗联合化疗治疗局部晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的评价适形放疗联合化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和急性毒副反应。方法2001年4月～2002年12月采用泰素、顺铂与三维适形放疗同步治疗43例Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者。化疗方案为泰素135mg/㎡,顺铂70mg/㎡,第1、29、57天。三维适形放疗放射源为6MVX线,2Gy·(次·天)-1,40Gy后缩野加量,总剂量DT66～70Gy。结果近期结果显示,肺原发灶有效率为88.4%(38/43),一年及两年生存率分别为55.8%(24/43)和39.5%(17/43)。急性毒副反应主要是骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应和较中度放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎,经处理后均可耐受。结论泰素联合三维适形放疗能提高局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效,且急性毒副反应无明显增加,值得进一步随访研究。     

三维适形放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效观察

目的探讨三维适形放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法将我院2010年1月至2012年6月间收治的92例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为常规放射治疗组（对照组）和三维适形放射治疗组（观察组）,每组各46例,观察两组患者的近期疗效及毒副反应。结果观察组患者的临床疗效总有效率为76.1%,显著高于对照组患者的54.3%,组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者治疗后毒副反应发生率为28.3%,显著低于对照组患者的63.0%,组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论采用三维适形放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床疗效好,毒副反应发生率低,值得临床进一步推广使用。     

放化疗同步治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒副反应评价

目的观察与探讨放化疗同步治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法本文选择了自2010年5月至2012年1月来我院治疗的Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者70例,随机数字法分为2组,观察组35例,接受同步放化疗;对照组35例,接受序贯放化疗。观察两组患者的近期治疗效果、中位生存期以及毒副反应。结果观察组与对照组患者的治疗总有效率,即CR+PR分别为68.6%与51.4%,两组比较差别存在统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的中位生存期明显优于对照组(P<0.05);放射性食管炎与肺炎、骨髓抑制以及消化道反应是本次研究中两组患者的主要毒副反应,观察组患者Ⅲ级不良反应的发生率较对照组高,但二者比较差异不存在统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论和序贯放化疗相比较,同步放化疗能够明显改善Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的近期治疗效果,延长生存时间。     

调强适形放疗同步DP化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及对患者生存质量的影响

目的 分析调强适形放疗同步DP化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及对患者生存质量的影响。方法 66例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各33例。对照组采用DP化疗治疗,观察组在对照组基础上同步调强适形放疗治疗。比较两组患者治疗效果、生存质量评分量表(SF-36)评分。结果 观察组治疗总有效率87.88%高于对照组的66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组心理健康、认知职能、社会职能、情绪职能、角色职能、生理职能评分分别为(76.42±3.24)、(77.23±3.18)、(78.14±3.23)、(75.20±3.12)、(73.34±3.27)、(78.24±3.52)分,对照组分别为(65.21±4.37)、(63.38±4.13)、(66.77±4.24)、(65.48±4.05)、(64.17±4.32)、(62.27±4.33)分,两组SF-36评分均高于治疗前且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 调强适形放疗同步DP化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的效果良好,可提高患者治疗效果和生存质量。     

晚期非小细胞肺癌同步放化疗临床疗效及安全性观察

目的探讨长春瑞滨联合顺铂(NP)方案化疗联合放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性。方法随机将96例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者分为NP方案化疗联合三维适形放疗组(观察组,48例)与单纯放疗组(对照组,48例),比较两组疗效及毒副反应情况。结果观察组有效率72.9%、对照组有效率45.8%,观察组的疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的1年、2年生存率分别为64.6%、41.7%和58.3%、31.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相对于单纯放疗,NP方案化疗联合放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌可显著提高临床疗效和生存率。     

三维适形放疗联合小剂量顺铂对老年非小细胞肺癌的疗效评价

目的 观察三维适形放疗联合小剂量顺铂对老年非小细胞肺癌的疗效评价及不良反应.方法 将64例非小细胞肺癌老年患者分为研究组和对照组,每组32例,治疗3个月后比较疗效和不良反应.结果 研究组有效率为87.5％;对照组有效率为62.6％.两组有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组的白细胞计数减少发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎的发生率无明显高低之分,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 三维适形放疗联合小剂量顺铂治疗非小细胞肺癌可以提高有效率,同时不会明显增加不良反应.     

替吉奥胶囊联合放疗治疗老年非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性观察

目的观察替吉奥胶囊联合放疗治疗老年非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2007年6月—2012年5月于本院进行治疗的老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者60例,随机分为对照组(单纯三维适形放疗)和观察组(替吉奥胶囊联合三维适形放疗),每组各30例。观察组采用替吉奥胶囊联合放疗的方法。观察两组治疗效果和不良反应。结果观察组总有效率及临床获益率均高于对照组,疾病进展时间长于对照组,1年生存率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组和观察组白细胞减少发生情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论替吉奥胶囊联合放疗治疗老年非小细胞肺癌具有较好的效果。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.