阿立哌唑缓释微球的制备及体外释放特性的研究

目的 制备阿立哌唑聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)缓释微球并考察其体外释放特性.方法 采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备阿立哌唑缓释微球,通过正交试验优选最佳处方与制备工艺,并考察其载药量、包封率、粒径、形态和体外释放度.结果 所得微球的载药量为20.28％ ±0.38％,包封率为81.12％±0.02％,平均粒径为19.38 μm,形态圆整,30 d的体外累积释放度达88.73％.结论 所得阿立哌唑缓释微球形态圆整,载药量与包封率较高,具较好的缓释效果.     

罗哌卡因乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物微球的制备及体外释药研究

目的:优化罗哌卡因乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物微球制备工艺,并考察其粉粒学特征和体外释药特性。方法:以乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物为载体,采用W/O/W乳剂-扩散溶剂挥发法制备微球,以微球的粒径、药物包封率、载药量及微球形态等重要粉粒学特征为考察指标,通过正交分析试验优化微球制备工艺,并进行体外释药研究。结果:以优化处方制备的制剂,外观光滑圆整,平均粒径为(2.525±0.047)μm,粒径在1.8～5.0μm的占总数的80%以上,载药量(6.067±0.312)%,包封率(58.05±1.169)%。其体外释药曲线可用Higuchi方程拟合,192h累积释药率达82%,t1/2=60.16h。结论:罗哌卡因乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物微球具有明显的缓释性。     

利培酮长效注射微球的制备及体外释放的研究

目的：制备利培酮长效注射微球并考察其体外释放行为。方法：使用乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）为材料,采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备利培酮微球,观察微球的形态及粒径,测定微球的载药量和包封率,考察微球的体外释放情况。结果：利培酮微球表面圆整,粒径集中在40～80μm之间。微球的包封率较高,达到80％以上,以低分子量PLGA（50：50）制备的微球,体外突释很高达到40％以上;以高分子量PLGA（75：25）制备的微球,在高载药量时突释较小,可持续释放达3周以上。结论：以高分子量PLGA制备的高载药量的利培酮微球,体外突释较小可缓释达3周以上。     

GM-1缓释微球的制备及体外释药特性研究

目的:制备GM-1的乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)微球,考察其一般性质和体外释药特性。方法:应用W/O/W型乳化溶剂干燥法制备GM-1的PLGA微球,测定微球粒径、载药量、包封率和体外释药曲线。结果:微球形态规则,粒径约为(18±8)μm,载药量约为4.9%,包封率约为61%,微球体外释药规律符合Higuichi方程Q=0.153t1/2+0.03705(r=0.9950)。结论:GM-1微球体外释药特性及其制备工艺良好,体外具有明显缓释作用。     

罗哌卡因-醋酸地塞米松PLGA微球的制备及体外释药特性研究

目的 制备罗哌卡因 醋酸地塞米松聚乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）微球（简称微球）并研究其体外释药特性。方法以PLGA为载体,采用W1/O/W2双重乳化 溶剂挥发法制备微球,研究实验过程中有机相PLGA浓度、外水相/有机相体积比、内水相体积、外水相聚乙烯醇（PVA）浓度几项因素变化对罗哌卡因 醋酸地塞米松PLGA微球粒径、表面形态﹑载药量﹑包封率和突释行为的影响。结果有机相PLGA浓度在制备微球的过程中是一个关键性因素。随着PLGA浓度增加,微球粒径增大,载药量﹑包封率明显提高,突释降低;外水相/有机相体积比增大,微球粒径增大, 载药量﹑包封率明显提高,微球表面更加光滑﹑微孔减少,突释降低;随着内水相体积增加使得微球表面的微孔明显增多,突释增加,载药量﹑包封率降低;当外水相PVA浓度由0.5%增加到2%,微球粒径变小,突释效应增加。通过优化条件制备的微球形状为球形,外观光滑圆整,粒径分布均匀,其中＞90%分布在20～70 μm。罗哌卡因载药量（7.48±0.33）%,包封率（70.97±2.36）%;醋酸地塞米松载药量（1.52±0.16）%,包封率（57.30±1.17）%。结论采用W1/O/W2双重乳化 溶剂挥发法成功制备罗哌卡因加醋酸地塞米松PLGA微球;以优化工艺制备的微球,在体外具有明显的缓释行为,释药曲线呈典型S形三阶段模式。     

关节腔注射用氟比洛芬PLGA缓释微球的制备及体外释放特性研究

目的制备关节腔注射用氟比洛芬(FP)缓释微球并研究其体外释药特性。方法以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为材料,采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备微球;正交设计法优化微球的制备工艺;采用透析法研究体外释药特性,UV法测定FP的含量。结果正交试验表明,PLGA的浓度是影响微球包封率的非常显著性因素。微球粒径范围为1.5~24.3μm,平均粒径为10.6μm,载药量为7.1%(W/W),包封率为92.7%,体外释药符合Higuchi方程,释放时间显著延长。结论本法制备的FP微球粒径大小适宜,具有明显的缓释作用,符合关节腔注射给药设计要求。     

GM-1PLGA肌注微球的制备及其体外释药评价

目的 研究以聚乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物为囊材,制备长效缓释的单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂微球制剂.方法运用复乳溶剂挥发法,考虑多个条件对制备工艺的影响,并采用正交设计对处方进行优化.测定微球的载药量、包封率和释放曲线.结果制备得到的GM-1微球粒径大小均匀,球形致密圆整,微球粒径为(8.2±6.0)μm,载药量和包封率分别为18...     

盐酸多西环素微球的制备及质量控制

目的:制备盐酸多西环素(DXY)微球并建立其质量控制方法。方法:以乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为载体材料,采用O/O型乳化溶剂挥发法制备微球,用光学显微镜观察微球的外观形态和粒径,采用紫外分光光度法测定微球的载药量和体外释放度等。结果:所制微球外观光滑圆整,平均粒径为(49±6.9)μm,跨距为0.9,平均载药量为(3.3±0.2)%,平均包封率为(52.4±3.2)%(n=3),0.5h的累积释放度为28%,并可持续释药30d以上。结论:DXY微球的制备工艺可行,质量可控。     

球结膜下注射用西罗莫司缓释微球的制备及其体外释药性能

目的使用3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚物制备西罗莫司缓释微球,为预防和治疗角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应奠定基础。方法采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备微球,正交实验法优化,测得载药量、包封率等指标,结合光镜观察其形态特征,得出最佳制备条件后,模拟眼内前房环境检测其体外释药性能。结果微球制备工艺稳定,重复性好。微球成球率高,形态圆整,表面光滑,载药量为(37.34±1.25)%,包封率为(99.63±0.93)%,能够在体外稳定缓释,500 h累积释药率为71%。结论西罗莫司缓释微球表征良好,载药量、包封率较高,有望发挥稳定释药的临床作用。     

环孢素A微球的体外释放影响因素

目的以环孢素A为模型药,使用生物可降解材料乳酸/羟基乙酸PLGA制备微球。并评价微球的体外释放。方法使用乳化溶剂挥发法制备环孢素微球,并对微球的外观,粒径和载药量进行评价。通过衡量温度,pH值和表面活性剂等因素筛选体外释放介质。结果制得的微球外观圆整,粒径统一,平均粒径50μm左右,载药量为13%。DSC结果表明环孢素A和PLGA有结合作用。体外释放实验表明微球的释放受温度,pH值和表面活性剂的影响,加入30%的异丙醇可使微球在2周内释放完全。结论乳化溶剂挥发法可制备得到质量符合要求的环孢素微球,含30%异丙醇的释放介质是微球体外释放评价的理想介质。     

长春西汀聚乳酸-聚乙醇酸缓释微球的研制

目的:制备长春西汀聚乳酸-聚乙醇酸(PLGA)缓释微球,并研究其药剂学性质。方法:采用改良O/W乳化-溶剂挥发法制备微球,以PLGA浓度、理论载药量、有机相与分散介质的比例和分散介质中明胶的浓度为4因素,每个因素选定3个水平,按L9(34)的正交设计方案,以载药量、包封率和粒径分布为指标,优化处方。用扫描电镜观察微球的形态,用光学显微镜观察并计算微球的粒径分布,用差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究药物在载体中的分散状态,用紫外分光光度法检测微球中长春西汀含量并计算载药量和包封率,用动态透析释药法进行微球的体外释放研究。结果:最佳处方为PLGA浓度16%,理论载药量20%,有机相与分散介质的比例1:10,分散介质中明胶的浓度1%;制备的长春西汀PLGA缓释微球的形态圆整、光滑,粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为(10.0±0.18)μm(n=500),DSC法分析药物确已被包裹于微球中,载药量为(18.46±0.26)%,包封率为(91.30±0.98)%(n=3),24h累积释药率约为18%。结论:长春西汀PLGA缓释微球制备工艺稳定,质量符合药剂学要求,缓释性好。     

In vitro degradation and dissolution behaviours of microspheres prepared by three low molecular weight polyesters

Three low-molecular weight polyesters, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA), copoly(lactic acid/glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(delta-valerolactone) (PV), were used to prepare water-soluble sodium diclofenac-loaded microspheres by using the oil-in-oil (o/o) emulsification-solvent evaporation method. Their micromeritic and physicochemical properties, and degradation and dissolution behaviours were determined in vitro. The results indicate that high encapsulation efficiency and better monodispersity might be achieved by the o/o emulsification-solvent evaporation method, depending on the amount of drug loading used. The slower evaporation of organic solvent from the system during microencapsulation seemed to modify the crystallinity of drug and polyester in the microspheres, determined by powder x-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry. The in vitro degradation rate of all the microspheres in pH7.4 phosphate buffer solution showed first-order kinetics and ranked in the order of PLGA > PLA > PV microspheres. Furthermore, the first-order release rate was also found in all the microspheres after an initial drug burst and ranked in the order of PLGA> PLA > PV microspheres, too. The relationship between degradation and dissolution behaviours of these microspheres is discussed.     

扑尔敏PLGA缓释微球的制备及体外质量评价

目的以扑尔敏为模型药物,开发一种PLGA缓释微球给药系统。方法采用复乳-溶剂挥发法制备扑尔敏PLGA缓释微球,紫外分光光度法测定其载药量、药物释放。结果制得的扑尔敏PLGA缓释微球平均粒径为(112±57)μm,含药量为(798.33±145.00)μg,载药量为(0.32±0.12)%;药物9 d累积药物释放量可达87%。结论本研究扑尔敏PLGA缓释微球制备方法简单,药物能达到长期缓慢释放。     

不同PLGA型号对奥曲肽微球的包封率和体外释放行为的影响

考察了不同型号聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)作为水溶性药物奥曲肽微球载体对载药量、包封率和体外释放行为的影响.结果表明,PLGA中丙交酯含量降低,载药量和包封率降低,而突释量增大.PLGA型号相同时,黏度较大的PLGA微球载药量和包封率较高,突释量较小.采用PLGA与聚乳酸(PLA)混合材料制备的微球比单用PLGA材料微球的突释量小、载药量和包封率高、缓释效果好.     

Biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres for sustained release of risperidone: Zero-order release formulation

The preparation and investigation of sustained-release risperidone-encapsulated microspheres using erodible poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) of lower molecular weight were performed and compared to that of commercial Risperdal Consta^? for the treatment of schizophrenia. The research included screening and optimizing of suitable commercial polymers of lower molecular weight PLGA50/50 or the blends of these PLGA polymers to prepare microspheres with zero-order release kinetics properties. Solvent evaporation method was applied here while studies of the risperidone loaded microsphere were carried out on its drug encapsulation capacity, morphology, particle size, as well as in vitro release profiles. Results showed that microspheres prepared using 50504A PLGA or blends of 5050-type PLGAs exerted spherical and smooth morphology, with a higher encapsulation efficiency and nearly zero-order release kinetics. These optimized microspheres showed great potential for a better depot preparation than the marketed Risperdal Consta^?, which could further improve the patient compliance.     

Application of a novel approach to prepare biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres: surface liquid spraying

A novel approach which had foreground of industrialization, surface liquid spraying, was studied in this paper to prepare biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres for controlled release drug delivery system. To compare with the normal methods, the microspheres prepared by this approach were characterized by particle size distribution and photograph of microscope. The relationship between the particle size and the instrument parameters of novel method was set up for the first time. The central composite design (CCD) was applied to study the main effects and interactions of three instrument factors on preparation of microspheres. The particle size of microspheres was below 200 mum and the shape of microspheres was spherical in nature evidenced by microscope photographs. Vinpocetine was used as the model drug to prepare the vinpocetine PLGA microspheres (VIN-PLGA-MS), and then drug loading, entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and in vitro drug release behavior were examined. The results indicated that the drug loading and entrapment efficiency were increased using the novel method. The drug released slowly more than 30 days. The release behavior was fit for four kinds of kinetic model. The result indicated that release behavior was fitted by Zero-order kinetic model before release 72 hours, and was fitted with First-order kinetic model after release 72 hours. The novel method developed in our paper can give a promising way for industrialization, and the foreground was also proved by the scale-up batch experiment.