Lignans from the flower buds of Magnolia liliflora Desr

Six new lignans, 1- 6, along with six known compounds were obtained from the flower buds of Magnolia liliflora Desr. The new lignans were elucidated as (1 S*,2 R*,5 S*,6 S*)-2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (1), (1 R*,2 R*,5 R*,6 S*)-2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (2), (1 R*,?2 R*,5 R*,6 S*)-2,6-bis (3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (3), (1 R*,2 S*,5 R*,6 R*)-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane ( 4), (7' S*,8 R*,8' R*)-3,5'-dimethoxy-3',4,9'-trihydroxy-7',9-epoxy-8,8'-lignan (5), and (7' R*,8' S*)-3,3',4,5'-tetramethoxy-7-en-7',9-epoxy-8,8'-lignan (6), by the analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR as well as HRESIMS data. The capacity of compound 1 to protect against damages to the DNA of rat lymphocyte cells induced by UV irradiation was assessed by the comet assay. It showed stronger antigenotoxicity than ascorbic acid from 6×10(-3)?mmol·L(-1) to 6×10(-6)?mmol·L(-1).     

New monoterpenes from Mentha microphylla

Four new monoterpenes, (1 R*,2 S*)-1,2-dihydroxy- p-menth-4(8)-en-3-one ( 1), (4 S*)-4-hydroxy- p-mentha-1,8-dien-3-one ( 2), (4 S*)-4-methoxy- p-mentha-1,8-dien-3-one ( 3), and (3 R*,4 R*,6 S*)-3-acetoxy-6-hydroxy- p-mentha-1,8-diene ( 4) together with four known compounds have been isolated from the aerial parts of Mentha microphylla. The structures were determined using spectroscopic methods particularly high resolution (1)H-, (13)C-NMR as well as 2D (1)H- (1)H COSY, HMQC and HMBC analysis.     

A cytotoxic meroterpenoid benzoquinone from roots of Cordia globosa

(1a S*,1b S*,7a S*,8a S*)-4,5-Dimethoxy-1a,7a-dimethyl-1,1a,1b,2,7, 7a,8,8a-octahydrocyclopropa cyclopenta[1,2-b]naphthalene-3,6-dione (1), a new meroterpenoid benzoquinone, and microphyllaquinone (2), a known naphthoquinone, have been isolated from roots of Cordia globosa. Both structure determinations were performed by conventional spectroscopic methods, including inverse detection NMR techniques, and by comparison with data from the literature for related compounds. Compound 1 displayed considerable cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 1.2 to 5.0 microg/mL. The cytotoxic activity seemed to be related to DNA synthesis inhibition, as revealed by the reduction of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, and apoptosis induction, as indicated by the acridine orange/ethidium bromide assay and morphological changes after 24 h of incubation on leukemic cells.     

一种西沙掘海绵Dysidea sp.的化学成分研究

目的 对西沙掘海绵Dysidea sp.进行化学成分研究;方法 运用正相硅胶柱色谱、反相ODS柱色谱、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱以及高效液相色谱(HPLC)等多种分离手段对西沙掘海绵Dysidea sp.化学成分进行分离纯化;并通过理化性质、波谱学数据等结构信息鉴定其化合物的结构。结果发现：从西沙掘海绵Dysidea sp.中分离鉴定了8个化合物,分别为dictyoceratin C（1）、dactyloquinone B（2）、aminoquinone（3）、dictyoceratin A（4）、dactyloquinone D（5）、dactyloquinone E（6）、(1R*,2E,4R*,7E,10S*,11S*,12R*)-10,18-diacetoxydolabella-2,7-dien-6-one（7）和?,?-unsaturated ester（8）,结论 化合物1?6和8均为首次从该属海绵中分离得到。     

Antibacterial lignans and triterpenoids from Rostellularia procumbens

One new lignan, rostellulin A ( 1), four known lignans, justin B ( 2), justicidin C ( 3), cilinaphthalide A ( 4), and justicidin A ( 5), and four known triterpenoids, ursolic acid ( 6), euscaphic acid ( 7), 2 alpha-hydroxyursolic acid ( 8), and tormentic acid ( 9), have been isolated from the whole plants of Rostellularia procumbens. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral data, including extensive NMR experiments. To our knowledge, compounds 6 - 9 are known compounds but not previously isolated from R. procumbens, 4 was previously reported from other Rostellularia species. Antibacterial activities of 1 - 9 were evaluated against eight bacterial strains with the agar dilution method, and they were found to possess antimicrobial activity with MIC values in the range of 1.56 - 100 microg/mL. None of the lignans exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-8 and Bel-7402 cells at concentrations up to 5 microg/mL.     

黄连水提液化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch.)的化学成分进行研究。方法采用不同柱色谱技术进行分离,通过波谱手段确定化合物结构。结果分离鉴定了22个化合物,其中9个生物碱类化合物,分别为小檗碱(berberine,1)、巴马亭(palmatine,2)、黄连碱(coptisine,3)、表小檗碱(epiberber-ine,4)、药根碱(jatrorrhizine,5)、非洲防己碱(columbamine,6)、groenlandicine(7)、木兰花碱(mag-noflorine,8)、8-氧化黄连碱(8-oxocoptisine,9);9个有机酸类化合物,分别为5-阿魏酰奎宁酸(5-O-feruloyl-D-quinic acid,10)、4-阿魏酰奎宁酸(4-O-feruloyl-D-quinic acid,11)、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,12)、阿魏酸(ferulic acid,13)、香草酸-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(va-nillic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,14)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,15)、3-(4'-羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸(3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid,16)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸(3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid,17)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸甲酯(3-(3',4'-di-hydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid methyl ester,18);4个木脂素类化合物,分别为异落叶松树脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(isolarisiresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,19)、(+)-松脂醇-4,4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷((+)-pinoresinol-4,4'-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside,20)、7S,8R,8'R-(+)-落叶松脂素-4,4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7S,8R,8'R-(+)-larisiresnol-4,4'-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside,21)、7S,8R,8'R-(+)-落叶松脂素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7S,8R,8'R-(+)-larisiresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,22)。结论化合物15、16、18-22为首次从黄连植物中分离得到,化合物16、18、19首次从黄连属植物中分离得到。     

Sesquiterpene lactones from Inula hookeri

Four new sesquiterpene lactones, (1 S,5 R,6 S,7 S,8 R,9 R,10 S,11 S)-6-acetoxy-9-hydroxy-4-oxo-pseudoguai-2(3)-en-12,8-olide, (1 S,2 R,5 R,6 S,7 R,8 S,10 R)-6-acetoxy-2-ethoxy-4-oxo-pseudoguai-11(13)-en-12,8-olide, (1 S,2 R,5 R,6 S,7 R,8 S,10 R)-6-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-pseudoguai-11(13)-en-12,8-olide, and 14-acetoxy-1 β,5 α,7 αH-4 β-hydroxy-guai-9(10),11(13)-dien-12,8 α-olide, along with 26 known sesquiterpene lactones, were isolated from the whole plants of Inula hookeri C. B. Clarke. Their structures were established based on spectroscopic methods including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and CD techniques. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HepG2, HeLa, PC-3, and MGC-803 cell lines by CCK-8 assay. Some of the isolates, especiallly pseudoguaianolides and guaianolides, exhibited significant cytotoxicities against these four examined cell lines.     

Novel diterpenes with cytotoxic, anti-malarial and anti-tuberculosis activities from a brown alga Dictyota sp

Two new diterpenes, (1E,2R*,3R*,4S*,6E,18S*)-4,18-dihydroxydictyolactone (1) and 8alpha,11-dihydroxypachydictyol A (2), together with fucoxanthin (3) and a known diterpene 4alpha-hydroxycrenulatane (4) were isolated from the methanol extract of the brown alga Dictyota sp. collected from Bangsaen Beach, Thailand. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data. The relative stereochemistry of 1 was established by NOE difference and NOESY experiments. Compound 1 showed weak anti-tuberculosis activity while 2 displayed strong cytotoxicity against the NCI-H187 cell line, and potent anti-malarial activity. In addition, 3 was active against HSV-1 and malarial parasites.     

北沙参中一个新香豆素苷

为了研究北沙参的化学成分，本文通过大孔树脂吸附柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20及开放反相ODS柱色谱进行化合物的分离，利用多种波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。分离得到9个化合物，鉴定为：bergaptol 5-O-β-D-gentiobioside (1)、(7R，8S)-dehydrodiconiferylalcohol-4，9-di-O-β-D-glucoside (2)、橙皮素A(3)、(-)-seco-isolariciresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4)、白花前胡苷(5)、花椒毒酚8-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(6)、5′-硫甲基腺苷(7)、腺苷(8)、色氨酸(9)。化合物1为新化合物；化合物2和7为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Antibacterial constituents from Pedicularis armata

A new neolignan glycoside named armaoside (1), together with six known compounds (2-7), have been isolated from the whole plant of Pedicularis armata Maxim. The structure of 1 was elucidated as erythro-(7S,8R)-1-(4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[3,5-dimethoxyl-4-oxo-cinnamic aldehyde]propane-1, 3-diol by spectroscopic and chemical methods. All compounds were assayed against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.     

Novel antimicrobial diterpenoids from Turraeanthus africanus

The dichloromethane-methanol (1/1) extract of the stem bark of Turraeanthus africanus (Meliaceae) showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Phytochemical investigation of this extract afforded six new diterpenoid derivatives, (+)-16-acetoxy-12,15-epoxylabda-8(17),12,14-triene ( 3), [16( E),12 S,15 R]-16-acetoxy-12,15-epoxy-15-isopropoxy- ent-labda-8(17),13(16)-diene (turraeanin A, 4), [16( E),12 R,15 S]-16-acetoxy-12,15-epoxy-15-isopropoxy- ent-labda-8(17),13(16)-diene (turraeanin B, 5), [16( E),12 S,15 R]-16-acetoxy-12,15-epoxy-15-methoxy- ent-labda-8(17),13(16)-diene (turraeanin C, 6), [16( E),12 R,15 S]-16-acetoxy-12,15-epoxy-15-methoxy- ent-labda-8(17),13(16)-diene (turraeanin D, 7) and (12 S,13 S,15 R)-12,15-epoxy-15-methoxy- ent-labd-8(17)-en-16-al (turraeanin E, 9) together with the known compounds, 15,16-epoxy- ent-labda-8(17),13(16),14-triene ( 1), (+)-pumiloxide ( 2), ent-labda-8(17),12 ( E)-diene-15,16-dial ( 8) and 16-acetoxy-12( R),15-epoxy-15beta-hydroxylabda-8(17),13 (16)-diene ( 10). Compound 10 was obtained as its acetoxy derivative ( 10a) and compound 11 was the product of hydrolysis of 6. Antimicrobial activity of the isolates was assayed and compounds 8, 9, 10a and 11 exhibited significant activities.     

Lignan and terpene constituents from the aerial parts of saussurea pulchella

Chromatographic separation of the MeOH extract from the aerial parts of Saussurea pulchella led to the isolation of seven terpenes (1-4, 11-13), and eight phenolics (5-10, 14-15). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means to be (3S)-3-O-(3',4'-diangeloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,7-trimethylocta-1,6-diene (1), 7delta-methoxy- 4(14)- oppositen-1beta-ol (2) 4(15)- eudesmene-1beta, 6alpha-diol (3), 3alpha-hydroxy-5, 6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (4), (+)-syringaresinol (5), (7S, 8R, 8'R)-5,5'-dimethoxylariciresinol (6), 8alpha-hydroxypinoresinol (7), (7'R, 8'R)-2,2'- dimethoxy-4- (3-hydroxyl-propenyl)-4'-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-biphenyl ether (8), 4-allyl-2,6- dimethoxyphenyl glucoside (9), 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenyl beta-D-glucoside (10), (-)-oplopan-4-one- 10alpha-O-beta-D-glucoside (11), linalyl-O-beta-D-glucoside (12), amarantholidoside IV (13), (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol 1-O-beta-D-glucoside (14), and syringin (15). Compounds 1-3 and 8-13 were first isolated from the genus Saussurea. The isolated compounds were examined for cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines in vitro using the sulforhodamin B bio assay method.     

Leishmanicidal constituents from the leaves of Piper rusbyi

The kavapyrone (+)-(7 R,8 S)-epoxy-5,6-didehydrokavain (1) and the chalcone flavokavain B (2) were isolated from Piper rusbyi as the bioactive components by bioassay-guided fractionation, using an in vitro assay against promastigote forms of three Leishmania strains. In addition, the new kavapyrone, (7 R,8 R/7 S,8 S)-dihydroxy-5,6-didehydrokavain (3), which is very likely an artifact, and four known compounds (4-7) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 3 were established by CD studies and the modified Mosher ester procedure, respectively. All compounds were evaluated for in vitro leishmanicidal activity. The most active compounds 1 (IC50=81.9 microM) and 2 (IC50=11.2 microM) were also evaluated in vivo against a New World strain of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and the results showed the efficacy of 2 at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Compounds 1 and 3 were also assayed as reversal agents against a multidrug-resistant Leishmania tropica line, but were found to be inactive.     

Lepadins D-F: antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal decahydroquinoline derivatives from the tropical marine tunicate Didemnum sp

From a new tunicate species, belonging to the genus Didemnum, three alkaloids possessing an unusual and extremely rare decahydroquinoline skeleton and showing significant and selective antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activity were obtained as follows: (2R*,3S*,4aR*,5R*,8aS*)-decahydro-3-hydroxy-5-(5'-hydroxyoctyl)-2-methylquinoline (lepadin D,1), its quaternary nitrogen derivative (2), (2R*,2"E,3S*,4aR*,5R*,8aS*)-decahydro-3-hydroxy-5-(5'-hydroxyoctyl)-2-methyl-3-quinolinyl ester 2"-octenoic acid (lepadin E, 3), and (2S*,2"E,3S*,4aR*,5R*,8aS*)-decahydro-3-hydroxy-5-(5'-hydroxyoctyl)-2-methyl-3-quinolinyl ester 2"-octenoic acid (lepadin F, 4). These isolates may well serve as lead structures for the development of new antimalarial drugs.     

禾叶山麦冬中一个新的C27甾体苷硫酸酯类化合物

为了对禾叶山麦冬(Liriope graminifolia(Linn.)Baker)进行植物化学和药理活性的研究,应用现代色谱技术对禾叶山麦冬植物的化学成分进行了提取分离,应用HR-MS、1H NMR、13C NMR、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC和NOESY技术对分离得到的4个化合物进行了结构确证。4个化合物分别鉴定为:(25S)-ruscogenin 1-sulfate-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(1)、(25S)-ruscogenin 1-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(2)、橙皮苷(hesperidin,3)和4’,7-二羟基-5-甲氧基二氢黄酮(4)。其中化合物1为一个罕见的具有27个碳原子骨架结构的新的甾体苷硫酸酯类化合物,并对K562细胞及HL60细胞具有显著抑制作用。     

Lignans from Pilea cavaleriei Levl subsp. cavaleriei

A new lignan glycoside, named (7S,8R,8′R)-(−)-lariciresinol-9-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) β-D-glucopyranoside (1),was isolated from the ethanol extract of Pilea cavaleriei Levl subsp. cavaleriei, together with 17 known lignans (2−18). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D NMR, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. All the compounds were obtained from the genus Pilea for the first time.     

Antimicrobial constituents from goldenseal (the Rhizomes of Hydrastis canadensis) against selected oral pathogens

Two new C-methyl flavonoids, 6,8-di- C-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (1) and 6- C-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (2), were isolated from a commercially available sample of the roots of Hydrastis canadensis, along with seven known compounds, berberine (3), beta-hydrastine (4), canadine (5), canadaline (6), isocorypalmine (7), canadinic acid (8), and beta-sitosterol 3- O-beta- D-glucoside (9). The structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Of these isolates, berberine (3) and, to a lesser extent, 1 and 2, showed antimicrobial activity when evaluated against the oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Berberine (3) exhibited an additive antimicrobial effect when tested against S. mutans in combination with 1.     

Indoloquinazoline alkaloids from Euodia rutaecarpa and their cytotoxic activities

Nine indoloquinazoline alkaloids (1-9) were isolated from the dried and nearly ripe fruits of Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. (Euodiae Fructus), along with limonin and β-sitosterol. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds and characterized as (7R,8S)-7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-rutaecarpine and (7R,8S)-7-hydroxy-8-ethoxy-rutaecarpine, respectively, and 1-hydroxy-rutaecarpine (3) and (7R,8S)-7,8-dihydroxy-rutaecarpine (4) were isolated from Euodiae Fructus for the first time. The nine indoloquinazoline alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and human gastric carcinoma N-87 cells.     

New constituents of Leontopodium alpinum and their in vitro leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitory activity

Phytochemical investigations of the roots of Leontopodium alpinum Cass. resulted in the isolation and structure elucidation of six novel compounds and two known compounds. Novel constituents could be identified as the polyacetylenes 1-acetoxy-3-angeloyloxy-(4 E,6 E)-tetradeca-4,6-diene-8,10,12-triyne and its (6 Z)-isomer, the kaurenic acid derivative methyl ent-7alpha,9alpha-dihydroxy-15beta-[(2 Z)-2-methyl-but-2-enoyloxy]kaur-16-en-19-oate, the bisabolane derivative (1 R*,3 S*,4 R*,6 S*)-9-(acetoxy)-4-hydroxy-1-[(2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy]bisabol-10(11)-ene and the lignans [(2 S,3 R,4 R)-4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]-methyl-(2 Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate and its 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl derivative. Known compounds, reported here for the first time for the genus Leontopodium, were identified as ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and T-cadinol. The obtained compounds were tested together with 15 previously described compounds of L. alpinum in an ex vivo leukotriene biosynthesis inhibition assay. The highest activities were determined for the bisabolane derivates (IC50: 7.7 to 11.4 microM), one lignan (IC50: 10.7 microM) and the ent-kaurenoate (IC50: 10.4 microM).     

Norsesquiterpenoid glucosides and a rhamnoside of pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Tephroseris kirilowii

Four new glycosylated compounds have been isolated from the whole plant of Tephroseris kirilowii, including (-)-(1R,5R,6S,7R,8S)-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-7-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-methylenebicyclo[4.3.0]non-3-one (tephroside A, 1), (-)-(1R,5R,6R,8R)-6-(2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxypropan-2-yl)-8-hydroxy-9-methylenebicyclo[4.3.0]non-3-one (tephroside B, 2), thesinine-4'-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (3), and p-coumaric acid 4-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (4), together with the known roseoside. The structures of the new compounds were established by means of spectroscopic analysis.