活血通络片质量控制的研究

目的:建立中药制剂活血通络片的质量控制方法.方法:采用薄层色谱法对制剂中黄柏、何首乌进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法对制剂中主要成分芍药苷进行含量测定.结果:薄层色谱中斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰;高效液相法测定制剂中芍药苷的方法重现性好,准确可靠.结论:本方法简便,重复性好,专属性强,可作为该制剂的质量控制指标.     

Effect of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on gastrointestinal peptide concentrations in the plasma of healthy human subjects

Sho-hange-ka-bukuryou-to, a traditional Chinese herbal (Kampo) medicine, has been used to treat hyperemesis of pregnancy, nausea and vomiting. Most traditional herbal medicines are prepared from several herbs. For example, Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to is prepared from three herbs: Pinelliae Tuber, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Hoelen. Thus, to determine the precise mechanism of the pharmacological effects of Chinese herbal medicines is too difficult. So we have elucidated the effect of some Chinese herbal medicines by examining the change of the plasma levels of brain-gut peptides. In this study, we investigated the effects of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on the plasma levels of gut-regulated peptides (gastrin, somatostatin, motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)) and gastrointestinal mucosa regulatory neuropeptides (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P) in healthy human subjects. A single oral administration of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to caused significant increases in plasma somatostatin-, CGRP- and substance P-immunoreactive substance (IS) levels, compared with a placebo group. Transient elevation of gastrin-IS levels in the placebo group was inhibited by the administration of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, but the medicine showed no effects on plasma motilin- or VIP-IS levels. In conclusion, these results might indicate that the pharmacological action of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to is closely related to changes in gastrin-, somatostatin-, CGRP- and substance P-IS levels in human plasma.     

复方刺五加颗粒的质量控制

目的:建立复方刺五加颗粒的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法对方中的西洋参、麦冬、黄芪进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-ELSD)法测定方中黄芪甲苷的含量。结果:薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离效果较好,且阴性无干扰;黄芪甲苷在0.56～5.60μg范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 7),平均回收率为99.13%,RSD为0.56%(n=5)。结论:该方法准确可靠、专属性强、重复性好,可用于复方刺五加颗粒的质量控制。     

回顾性"真实世界"研究原发性失眠中医证治规律及高频中药的作用机制

目的:探讨原发性失眠中医证治规律及高频中药甘草、酸枣仁、远志、首乌藤、柏子仁"养心安神"的作用机制。方法:回顾性分析172例就诊于河南中医药大学第一附属医院、临床第一诊断为原发性失眠的患者数据,运用Python、E-Charts、SPSS软件总结其证治规律,借助网络药理学和分子对接方法分析高频中药发挥作用的潜在机制。结果:纳入172例患者病历资料,涵盖中医证型32种,提取病位证素6个,病性证素10个,涉及中药212味,常用中药(频次≥20)聚类分析可分为6类;通过TCMSP、GeneCards、OMIM、Disgenet等数据库筛选频数排名前5位的高频中药甘草、酸枣仁、远志、首乌藤、柏子仁有效活性成分94个,作用靶点448个;疾病靶点1 433个,其中包括通过GEO数据库GSE98566芯片筛选的差异基因119个;获得高频中药与疾病交集靶点85个;PPI网络主要涉及AKT1、TP53、MYC、STAT3、ESR1等关键靶蛋白;KEGG富集得到20条通路;分子对接提示甘草异黄酮与MYC蛋白结合情况最佳。结论:中医药辨治原发性失眠有规律可循,且遵循"以心为本,兼顾肝脾;以顺为治,养心安神;以平为期,补虚泻实"为宗旨,高频中药发挥"养心安神"作用具有多组分、多靶点、多途径等特点。     

西洋参等8种中药的重金属检测

目的建立中药中重金属含量测定方法,考察市售药材的重金属含量。方法用紫外分光光度法测定西洋参、人参、枸杞、甘草、川贝母、丹参6种植物药及蜈蚣、僵蚕2种动物药中重金属的舍量。结果在对照品重金属铅质量浓度为0～0．50μg／mL范围内与吸光度线性关系良好,r=0．9977,平均加样回收率为99．49％,RSD：1．09％（n=6）;西洋参、人参、枸杞、甘草、川贝母、丹参的重金属含量分别为26．13％,28．96％,26．99％,29．98％,26．63％,28．06％,而蜈蚣、僵蚕的重金属偏高,分别为47．62％和59．24％。结论紫外分光光度法简便、灵敏,可用于中药重金属含量的检测。     

Cytotoxic and radical scavenging activity of blended herbal extracts

Chinese medicines have been applied to a variety of diseases producing various favorable effects, possibly due to the interactions between individual components. Establishment of an evaluation method for such interactions may facilitate the production of new natural medicines. We investigated here the interaction of the hot water extract of Aconiti Tuber (one of the most prominent Chinese medicines) and that of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Atractylodesi, Lanceae Rhizoma or Poria, by measuring the superoxide anion (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, using ESR spectroscopy. We found that a 1:1 mixture of the hot water extract of one herb and that of another herb (referred to as a combined formula) showed a higher radical scavenging activity and cytotoxic activity than the hot water extract of a 1:1 mixture of two herbs (referred to as a blended formula). Both formulae showed higher cytotoxic activity against human oral tumor cell lines than against normal cells. These data further confirm the medicinal usefulness of combinations of empirical Chinese medicines.     

Comparison of the effects of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to and Nichin-to on human plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels with continual stress exposure

Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to and Nichin-to, traditional Chinese herbal (Kampo) medicines have been used to treat vomiting and nausea. Traditional herbal medicines have frequently been used in the empirical treatment. Some patients who take these medicines have no organic disease but have conditions classified as non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). To determine the pharmacological effects of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, Nichin-to, and the two herbs (Pinelliae Tuber and Zingiberis Rhizoma, both of which are included in Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to and Nichin-to), we examined the effects of these medicines on the plasma levels of adrencorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol under stress conditions by repetitive blood sampling. After a single administration of Kampo medicine or a placebo, venous blood samples were taken before and 20-240 min after administration. A single administration of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to caused significant suppression of an increase in plasma ACTH-immunoreactive substance (IS) levels at 120 to 180 min and tended to suppress increases in plasma cortisol levels at 240 min, compared with the response to a placebo. A single administration of Nichin-to caused significant suppression of increases in plasma ACTH-IS levels at 120 min compared with a placebo group, but had no effect on plasma cortisol levels. Pinelliae Tuber had no significant effects in plasma ACTH-IS or cortisol, but Zingiberis Rhizoma significantly suppressed the increase of ACTH-IS (120 min) and cortisol (180 min). These medicines have a modulatory effect on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous function. These effects might be beneficial in stress-related disease and suggest that this medicine has clinical pharmacological activity.     

瘫康Ⅰ号合剂的制备及质量标准研究

目的:制备瘫康Ⅰ号合剂并建立其质量标准。方法:将黄芪、当归、赤芍、川芎、桃仁、红花、地龙、石菖蒲、远志等经煎煮、过滤制成合剂。对方中黄芪进行显微鉴别;对方中黄芪、当归和川芎进行薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别;考察合剂稳定性。结果:在显微镜下,黄芪细胞清晰可见;在TLC中检出了黄芪、当归、川芎的特征斑点;合剂稳定性良好。结论:本品制备工艺可靠;所建标准可为该合剂的质量控制提供参考。     

基于2020年版《中国药典》分析中药鲜用现状及特点

中药鲜用历史悠久,是传统中医药的重要组成部分.现代研究表明,部分中药鲜品在药性、功效和临床应用方面有别于其干品,两者不能相互代用.然而,鲜药的物质基础研究较干品极为落后,加之储存不易、霉变严重,以干代鲜现象普遍,鲜药应用和产品研发正在萎缩.本文旨在以2020年版《中国药典》为引,对其收录的鲜药、鲜药来源的提取物或含鲜药...     

Effect of heat processing on the chemical constituents and NO-suppressing activity of Bletilla Tuber

Journal of Natural Medicines - Bletilla Tuber (dried tuber of Bletilla striata) is used as an astringent hemostatic medicine for the treatment of ulcers, bleeding, and burns in traditional Chinese...     

针药辩证配合护膝及功能训练治疗老年膝骨关节炎

目的 了解不同治疗方法对膝骨关节炎的临床治疗效果.方法 对100例患者根据综合评分随机分为两组,分别进行针药辩证及针药配合护膝及功能训练治疗,观察其疗效.结果 综合组治疗前后lysholm膝关节评分为（70.63±10.47）分、（84.39±5.20）分;针药组治疗前后lysholm膝关节评分为（70.38±10.04）分、（76.60±8.34）分,两组各项比较,差异有极显著性（P〈0.05）.结论 针药辩证配合护膝及功能训练是一种较理想的保守治疗手段.     

中草药吸附膜材抗菌活性研究

目的研制担载中草药的具有抗菌活性的卫生防护材料。方法通过管碟法对单味中草药及其组方抗菌活性的实验研究。筛选具有较强抗菌活性的组方；制备担载中草药的具有抗菌活性的卫生防护材料；并按AATCC Test Method 100法研究组方与成方双黄连担载材料聚乙烯醇纤维膜和活性炭纤维膜的抗菌活性。结果筛选出组方2号具有较好的抗菌活性，确定两种材料100％的抗菌率时最佳药物吸附浓度为50mg／mL的乙醇提取物。结论聚乙烯醇纤维膜和活性炭纤维膜担载中草药组方2号。具有较强的杀灭致病菌作用，具有较好的卫生防护性能。     

中药制剂的质量控制与评价研究

目的 介绍近几年中药制剂质量控制与评价研究状况。方法 着重从药材因素、提取工艺选择、质量标准研究、稳定性4个方面综述。结果 需尽快建立现代中药质量标准系统，实现中药质量标准评价的规范化、自动化、现代化。结论 制定中药规范化的质量标准是保证临床用药安全、有效、稳定可靠，促进中药现代化和国际化的关键。     

中药治疗肺纤维化的研究进展

随着中药现代化研究的深入,中药预防及治疗肺纤维化研究取得了一些进展.肺纤维化发病机理的进一步阐明,将有助于抗肺纤维化的中药研究,特别是药物筛选的研究;从天然产物中寻找药理作用明确的活性单体,阐明不同单体或有效部位的作用机理,针对肺纤维化发病的多层面特点进行治疗,可发挥中药的多靶位治疗优势.     

滴水珠生品与炮制品化学成分的比较研究

目的：研究滴水珠炮制前、后化学成分的变化。方法：采用不同方法对滴水珠生品进行炮制,对其主要成分进行含量测定,并对生品和炮制品的指纹图谱进行比较。结果：生物碱含量高低顺序为生品〉法制品〉白矾制品〉姜制品;尿苷含量高低顺序为生品〉白矾制品〉姜制品〉法制品;腺苷含量高低顺序为生品〉姜制品〉白矾制品〉法制品。炮制品的指纹图谱与生品比较,主峰数目有所变化,峰高有不同程度的减小。结论：滴水珠药材经炮制后化学成分有变化,总生物碱、尿苷和腺苷的含量均有所降低。     

我国居民中药材中铅暴露的风险评估

目地:评估我国居民中药材铅暴露量及其潜在的健康风险,评价我国当前执行的中药材中铅限量标准的适宜性。方法2008-2016年在全国采集各类中药材2056份,检测铅含量水平。采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在黑龙江、辽宁、江西、贵州和甘肃5省份采用入户面对面问卷方式调查5739名18岁及以上成年人中药材消费情况。结合中药材中铅含量水平和中药材消费量数据,采用确定性评估方法,对我国居民中药材中铅暴露风险进行评估。并对我国当前执行的中药材中铅限量标准的适宜性进行评价。结果检测的2056份中药材样本,铅平均含量为1.04mg/kg,超标率3.79%,其中动物类药材铅平均含量2.96mg/kg,高于植物类药材平均含量0.97mg/kg。暴露评估结果显示,常规服用中药材人群铅暴露的健康风险较低;但对于作为药膳食用中药材的人群和长期以较高剂量服用/食用中药材者,铅暴露导致的健康风险相对较高。结论在当前中药材铅残留量水平下,我国大部分居民因中药材导致铅暴露的健康风险较低,但对于终生长期服用或作为药膳大量食用中药材者,铅暴露导致的健康风险需要关注。     

火试鉴别法在中药鉴别中的应用

目的探讨火试鉴别法在中药材及中药饮片鉴别中的运用。方法结合近年来相关文献和日常经验,对火试鉴别法在茎木类、树脂类、动物类、矿物类及其他类中药中的鉴别应用进行总结。结果 50种中药材及中药饮片用火试鉴别法能简便准确地进行初步鉴别。结论灵活掌握火试鉴别法,对快速鉴别部分中药材及中药饮片具有很现实的意义。     

某中医院补虚类中药临床合理应用分析

目的通过对某院补虚类中药的合理应用情况进行分析,研究补虚类中药合理应用措施,为临床规范应用补虚类中药提供依据。方法对使用补虚类中药的患者归档病历基本情况进行数据统计,分析补虚类中药临床合理性应用相关因素。结果使用补虚类中药的患者以60a以上老年人居多,中药饮片使用频率前3位分别为白术、黄芪、甘草,中成药针剂使用频率前3位分别为黄芪注射液、生脉注射液、参麦注射液。结论部分医师补虚类中药存在不合理应用现象,应制定临床合理应用解决方案。     

“十八反”配伍禁忌研究现状与思考

目的通过查阅、整理相关文献,总结＂十八反＂配伍禁忌的研究现状,探讨十八反毒性作用及物质基础,为临床安全用药提供重要的依据。方法对近15年来国内外发表的相关文献进行分析、整理和归纳。结论 ＂十八反＂不是绝对配伍禁忌,其毒性作用与配伍比例、剂量等诸多因素有关。十八反配伍禁忌合理性仍存在争议,需加强对十八反配伍毒性及毒性成分的深入研究。     

中药残渣对季铵盐消毒剂杀菌试验的影响

目的研究中药残渣对中药季铵盐复合消毒剂杀菌试验的影响。方法选择保留中药残渣和去除中药残渣的同种季铵盐复合消毒剂进行悬液定量杀菌试验,观察该两种复合消毒剂的杀菌试验效果。结果保留中药残渣的复合消毒剂对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2min,杀灭对数值为4.21;去除中药残渣的复合消毒剂对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2min,杀灭对数值为4.27;该两种复合消毒剂对大肠杆菌作用2min,两者的杀灭对数值均达到≥5.00。结论中药残渣对中药季铵盐复合消毒剂的杀菌试验无明显影响。结论中药残渣对中药季铵盐复合消毒剂的杀菌试验效果无明显影响。