复方贝龙灌肠液对前列腺增生的实验研究

目的　观察复方贝龙灌肠液对前列腺增生的影响。方法　取 1 6 d胎龄小鼠的胚胎尿生殖窦植入雄性小鼠前列腺组织 ,造成前列腺增生模型 ;手术切除大鼠双侧睾丸后 ,皮下注射丙酸睾丸素亦可造成前列腺增生模型。直肠给予复方贝龙灌肠液 2 0 d。结果　复方贝龙灌肠液可使前列腺增生动物前列腺湿重明显减少 ,前列腺组织 DNA含量及血清睾酮水平明显下降。结论　复方贝龙灌肠液对前列腺增生有一定的治疗作用     

复方大血藤对丙酸睾酮所致小鼠前列腺增生的防治作用

目的 研究复方大血藤(complex of daxueteng,CDXT)对前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)的防治作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法 取昆明种小鼠60只随机分成6组,即对照组、模型组、CDXT低(0.225 g/kg)、中(0.45 g/kg)、高剂量组(0.9 g/kg)、阳性对照组(QLBETS,0.67 g/kg).于昆明种雄性小鼠皮下注射丙酸睾酮溶液复制BPH动物模型,用CDXT进行治疗,观察该药对小鼠前列腺增生的防治作用及对前列腺组织形态的影响,并用免疫组化法检测前列腺组织中雄激素受体(AR)的表达.结果 对丙酸睾酮所致小鼠BPH,CDXT可降低小鼠前列腺指数,抑制前列腺上皮组织增生、腺体增生及间质纤维组织增生,改善BPH小鼠前列腺细胞超微结构,并降低前列腺组织中AR的表达.结论 CDXT对前列腺增生具有较好的防治作用,可抑制前列腺上皮组织增生、腺体增生及间质纤维组织增生,改善BPH小鼠前列腺细胞超微结构,其作用机制可能与降低前列腺组织中AR的表达有关.     

海狗油ω—3多不饱和脂肪酸对实验性前列腺增生的抑制作用

目的:研究海狗油ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对前列腺增生的抑制作用。方法:用皮下注射(sc)丙酸睾丸素引起摘除睾丸的Wistar大鼠前列腺增生以及植入胎仔尿生殖窦于成熟KM小鼠的前列腺侧叶而引起其前列腺增生为模型,以前列腺湿重和干重以及病理组织学为指标,观察不同剂量的海狗油ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的作用。结果:分别口服灌胃(ig)海狗油ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸0.5,1.6,4.8 g·kg~(-1)后30d,使丙酸睾丸素引起的前列腺增生的湿重和干重均有不同程度的减少,病理组织学观察认为给药组抑制前列腺增生作用明显;分别ig海狗油ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸0.8,2.4,7.2 g·kg~(-1)后42 d,对植入胎仔尿生殖窦引起的前列腺增生也有相同的抑制作用。结论:海狗油ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸具有明显抑制前列腺增生的作用。     

柏诺特治疗良性前列腺增生临床观察

目的　观察柏诺特胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生 (BPH)的临床有效性和安全性。方法　 40例BPH患者 ,口服柏诺特胶囊 16 0mg/次 ,2次 /d。治疗前及治疗 8周后进行国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、前列腺体积、最大尿流率和残余尿等检测 ,观察有无副作用。结果　用药 8周后 ,患者IPSS、最大尿流率和残余尿明显改善 ,前列腺体积无明显改善 ,总有效率为 87 5 % ,无明显副作用。结论　柏诺特胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生安全、有效。     

翅柄铁线蕨治疗小鼠实验性良性前列腺增生有效部位的筛选

目的:研究翅柄铁线蕨对良性前列腺增生（BPH）模型小鼠的治疗作用,并筛选其有效部位。方法:皮下注射丙酸睾酮连续21d复制小鼠BPH模型,同时给药组分别灌胃给予翅柄铁线蕨总提取物及不同极性部位（石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇）(600mg·kg^-1·d^-1)。于末次给药后禁食,于次日剥离前列腺组织,称取前列腺湿质量,计算前列腺指数并进行病理学观察。结果:总提取物和乙酸乙酯部位组前列腺指数明显减小（P<0.05）,各用药组前列腺组织病理学变化均有不同程度的改善,其中乙酸乙酯部位组对BPH小鼠前列腺病理学改善效果最显著。结论:翅柄铁线蕨对BPH有一定的疗效,其中乙酸乙酯部位效果最好,初步确定为翅柄铁线蕨治疗BPH的有效部位。     

柏诺特治疗良性前列腺增生临床观察

目的 观察柏诺特胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床有效性和安全性。方法 40例BPH患者，口服柏诺特胶囊160mg／次，2次／d。治疗前及治疗8周后进行国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、前列腺体积、最大尿流率和残余尿等检测，观察有无副作用。结果用药8周后，患者IPSS、最大尿流率和残余尿明显改善，前列腺体积无明显改善，总有效率为87．5％，无明显副作用。结论 柏诺特胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生安全、有效。     

萘哌地尔衍生物BWYJ抗前列腺增生的作用

目的观察萘哌地尔衍生物BWYJ对前列腺增生模型的作用。方法采用激素法建立去势大鼠和未去势小鼠前列腺增生模型,通过小鼠前列腺湿重,计算前列腺指数。光镜及透射电镜下,分别观察小鼠前列腺组织形态学及超微结构变化;TUNEL法检测BWYJ对大鼠前列腺细胞凋亡的影响。结果BWYJ5、10、20mg·kg-1组均可降低BPH小鼠前列腺湿重指数(P<0.05),光镜及电镜结果表明,BWYJ5、10、20mg·kg-1组均可抑制小鼠组织结构增生性变化,且BWYJ10、20mg·kg-1组使腺腔直径、腺体表面积变小(P<0.05)。TUNEL检测发现,大鼠前列腺凋亡细胞检出率较低,与模型组比较,BWYJ各剂量组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论BWYJ具有抗小鼠及大鼠良性前列腺增生作用。     

当归贝母苦参丸对小鼠良性前列腺增生的抑制作用研究

目的通过研究当归贝母苦参丸（DBK）对小鼠前列腺增生（BPH）及性激素平衡的影响,为临床用药提供药理学研究依据。方法采用皮下注射丙酸睾酮制作去势小鼠前列腺增生模型,观察各组前列腺指数、性激素水平及腺细胞病理改变。结果DBK治疗14d后,与模型组相比,DBK组小鼠前列腺湿重及前列腺指数出现剂量依赖性降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,明显改善前列腺组织病理结构;血清丙酸睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）含量明显降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论DBK对丙酸睾酮所致小鼠BPH具有显著的拮抗作用,其作用机制在一定程度上与降低小鼠血清T、E2含量有关。     

前列平胶囊的抗前列腺增生作用

目的　通过动物模型观察前列平胶囊的抗前列腺增生作用。方法　使用大鼠和小鼠前列腺增生模型及角叉菜胶炎症模型。结果　前列平胶囊 0 .1g、0 .3g和 1.0g kg对小鼠尿生殖窦植入性前列腺增生模型可剂量依赖性地抑制前列腺重量系数 (分别为 11.7mg、8.2mg和 2 .3mg) (P <0 .0 1)前列腺DNA含量 (分别为 0 .172、0 .14 7和 0 .0 67OD 10g体重 ) (P <0 .0 5和 0 .0 1)。病理组织学检查表明 ,前列平胶囊可减少前列腺腺体增生数 (P <0 .0 1)、增加扩张萎缩腺体数 (P <0 .0 5和 0 .0 1)和萎缩腺体数 ;对去睾丸小鼠 ,由丙酸睾丸素所致的前列腺增生 ,前列平胶囊无明显对抗作用 (P >0 .0 5 )。前列平胶囊可降低角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖炎性肿胀 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　前列平胶囊具有明显抗前列腺增生作用。     

尿流率的测定对经尿道前列腺电切术后的疗效评价

经尿道前列腺电切术是外科治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)常用方法之一,有治疗BPH"金标准"之称.作为尿动力学检查中最简单和非侵入性的尿流率测定,对BPH的术后排尿情况的判断是重要的客观指标.笔者对2007年1月至2008年12月74例前列腺电切术患者进行了尿流率测定,报告如下.     

海洋生药尖海龙的抗疲劳作用研究

研究海洋生药尖海龙的抗疲劳作用,分析了尖海龙的营养成分;用尖海龙提取的总脂肪和酶水解液进行抗疲劳动物实验。结果表明,尖海龙总脂肪、酶水解液都能显著延长小鼠游泳时间（较空白对照P<0.05）,减少运动引起的血乳酸增加和加速运动后血乳酸含量的降低（P<0.05）,增加小鼠肌糖原和肝糖原的储备（P<0.05）。证明尖海龙的总脂肪和酶水解液都具有抗疲劳作用。实验结果同时证实,尖海龙整体生药的抗疲劳作用更为有效（较空白对照,P<0.01）。     

Effect of baicalein on experimental prostatic hyperplasia in rats and mice

We determined the effect of baicalein on prostatic hyperplasia in experimental animal models. Prostatic hyperplasia was induced by testosterone propionate in mice and castrated rats and by transplantation of homologous strain fetal mice urogenital sinus in mice. With the histopathological examination, the efficacy of baicalein on prostate hyperplasia in experimental animals was evaluated by the activity of serum acid phosphatase (ACP) and the following norm of the prostate gland: the volume, wet weight, wet weight index, dry weight index, DNA contents and prostatic epithelial height and cavity diameter. Results showed that baicalein at doses of 260 and 130 mg/kg administrated intragastrically (i.g.) significantly inhibited prostatic hyperplasia in castrated rats induced by testosterone propionate compared with the negative control group (p<0.01). Baicalein at doses of 520 and 260 mg/kg (i.g.) also significantly inhibited prostatic hyperplasia in mice induced by transplantation of homologous strain fetal mouse urogenital sinus and by testosterone propionate (p<0.01). These results suggested that baicalein has an inhibitory effect on prostatic hyperplasia in experimental animals.     

八种海洋生药抗疲劳作用的初步研究

本文通过实验探讨了海洋生物药尖海龙、三斑海马、牡蛎、龟板、刺参、海星黄、螺旋藻、海带的抗疲劳作用。结果表明,这八种生药均能不同程度地延长小鼠负重游泳时间,有效降低游泳后血乳酸含量（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）,证明有推迟运动性疲劳出现和促进疲劳恢复的积极作用。比较实验结果表现,尖海龙抗疲劳作用效果最好。     

The inhibiting effects of components of stinging nettle roots on experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia in mice

Direct implanting of fetal urogenital sinus (UGS) tissue into the ventral prostate gland of adult mice led to a 4-fold weight increase of the manipulated prostatic lobe. The induced growth could be reduced by the polysaccharide fraction (POLY-M) of the 20% methanolic extract of stinging nettle roots by 33.8%.     

Effect of D-004, a lipid extract from the Cuban royal palm fruit, on atypical prostate hyperplasia induced by phenylephrine in rats

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant enlargement of the prostate that results in obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms. Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), the dwarf American palm (Arecaceae family), is commonly used to treat BPH. The Cuban royal palm (Roystonea regia) also belongs to the Arecaceae family, and 200-400mg of D-004, a lipid extract from its fruits, administered orally for 14 days has been shown to prevent testosterone- but not dihydrotestosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats. D-004 (125-250 microg/mL) added to preparations of rat vas deferens caused a marked, dose-dependent and significant inhibition of noradrenaline-induced smooth muscle contraction, a response mediated through alpha(1)-adrenoceptors, and was more effective in these respects than Saw palmetto. However, the in vivo effects of D-004 and Saw palmetto on the hypertensive response induced by noradrenaline were modest (albeit significant), and neither treatment affected resting blood pressure or heart rate in rats. The differential effects of D-004 in in vitro and in vivo models could be related to a differential affinity for adrenoceptor subtypes or to different bioavailabilities in vascular and urogenital targets. Phenylephrine injected into rodents induces prostatic hyperplasia with all the characteristic morphological changes of the condition but does not result in enlargement of the prostate. Therefore, this phenylephrine-induced change in rat prostate tissue is called atypical prostatic hyperplasia. It serves as an in vivo model of prostatic hyperplasia induced by stimulation of alpha(1)-adrenoceptors. The objective of this study was to determine whether D-004 can inhibit induction of atypical prostatic hyperplasia by phenylephrine in rats. METHODS: Rats were randomly distributed into five groups (ten rats/group). One group was a negative control and received oral vehicle only. The other four groups were injected subcutaneously with phenylephrine (2 mg/kg): of these groups, one was a positive control receiving the vehicle, and the other three groups were treated with D-004 or Saw palmetto (both 400 mg/kg) or tamsulosin 0.4 mg/kg. All active treatments were given orally for 28 days. After completion of treatment, rats were placed unrestrained in metabolic cages and micturition studies were performed. The rats were later killed and their prostates removed and weighed. Prostate samples were processed for histological study, with histological changes being assessed according to a scoring system. Bodyweight was measured at baseline and at weekly intervals. RESULTS: Histological examination of positive control rats revealed features of atypical prostatic hyperplasia, with piling-up, papillary and cribiform patterns and budding-out of epithelial cells. Micturition assessment revealed that phenylephrine significantly lowered both the total volume of urine in 1 hour and the volume per micturition; the latter was considered the main efficacy variable. D-004 and Saw palmetto extracts significantly prevented this reduction in volume per micturition by 70.5% and 68.6%, respectively, while tamsulosin totally abolished the reduction in micturition induced by phenylephrine (100% inhibition). Tamsulosin, D-004 and Saw palmetto significantly reduced the histological changes of atypical prostatic hyperplasia induced by phenylephrine by 73.1%, 61.2% and 50.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of D-004 resulted in marked and significant prevention of phenylephrine-induced impairment of micturition and histological changes in rat prostate. These findings indicate that, in vivo, D-004 effectively opposes these responses to phenylephrine, which are mediated through urogenital alpha(1)-adrenoceptors. In this respect, D-004 was moderately more effective than Saw palmetto, a phytotherapeutic standard used to treat BPH, but less effective than tamsulosin, a selective alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonist.     

Urogenital disease: current medical need and recent advances

The Medicinal Chemistry Division session on Urogenital Disease began with an overview by Dr P-O Andersson (Pharmacia and Upjohn, MI, USA) of current medical need and recent advances in the field. Dr Andersson drew attention to the limited interest that pharmaceutical companies have historically shown in the area of non-malignant diseases of the urogenital tract. Conditions such as bladder overactivity and urinary incontinence, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile dysfunction have been poorly understood and have been regarded as unavoidable consequences of old age. One factor, which further compounds the problem, is that many people do not seek treatment, a practice which tends to lower the awareness of these conditions.     

Urological disorders in men: urinary incontinence and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Urinary incontinence (UI) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are 2 common urogenital problems in men. UI is associated with involuntary leakage of urine and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of urgency, frequency, and nocturia. Types of UI include functional, urge, stress, and overflow. Treatment for UI is based on the type of incontinence, patient-specific factors, and treatment preferences of both patients and health care providers. Options for the management of UI include environmental modifications, disposable incontinence products, pelvic floor exercises, pharmacotherapy, surgically implanted devices, and intermittent catheterization. BPH may be also associated with LUTS. Patient symptoms, assessed with a measurement tool such as the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI), serve as the basis for determining treatment. Management approaches for BPH include pharmacotherapy, surgery, and minimally invasive procedures. Anticholinergic drugs as well as α-receptor antagonists and 5-α reductase inhibitors, either alone or in combination, are effective and useful for LUTS unresponsive to traditional pharmacotherapy. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can eliminate symptoms of BPH but is associated with relatively more complications than other available surgical and minimally invasive procedures.     

良性前列腺增生症并急性尿潴留逼尿肌功能改变的临床探讨

目的：探讨前列腺增生症（BPH）出现急性尿潴留（AUR）后逼尿肌功能情况。方法：对76例BPH并急性尿潴留患者（AUR组）进行尿动力学检查,并与88例单纯BPH患者（非AUR组）作比较。结果：AUR组中逼尿肌功能不稳定、逼尿肌低顺应性以及合并二种以上逼尿肌异常的发生率明显高于非AUR组。结论：BPH出现急性尿潴留时逼尿肌功能严重受损,应及时解除膀胱出口梗阻。