桑属植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

目的对桑属植物化学成分研究进展作一综述。方法按照化学结构类型 ,对桑属植物的化学成分进行分类综述。结果与结论桑属植物含有多种化学成分 ,主要有黄酮 ,苯并呋喃衍生物 ,含N糖类等化合物 ,具有降血糖 ,降血压 ,抗癌 ,抗炎 ,抑制花生四烯酸代谢等药理活性     

桑叶的化学成分、研究方法及药理活性研究进展

桑叶为桑属植物桑的干燥叶,始载于《神农本草经》,中医又称"神仙草"、"铁扇子"。其味苦、甘,性寒,归肺、肝经,具有疏散风热、清肺润燥、平肝明目的功能。主治风热感冒、头昏头痛、目赤昏花等症。我国大部分地区均有栽培。现代研究表明桑叶具有降血压、降血脂、降血糖、抗炎、抗衰老、抗肿瘤等药理     

桑属植物中Diels-Alder型加合物的结构、光谱特征及生理作用

桑科桑属（Morus）植物全世界共有12种，我国有9种。20世纪80年代初，日本学者Hirakura。领导的一个研究小组对桑白皮（Morusalba L．）进行了系统的化学成分研究，从中发现了许多结构新颖的Diels-Alder型加合物。药理实验表明这些酚类化合物具有多种生物活性，如抗高血压、抗微生物、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖、抑制血小板凝聚和抗氧化等。     

具有抗HIV等活性的植物提取物

制备具有抗 HIV、抗糖尿病和抗癌活性的植物提取物颗粒剂:用水或醇提取黄芪根200 g、糙皮侧耳350 g、卫矛属植物的细枝350 g、桑属植物的叶120 g,离心滤过、浓缩,加入糊精或甘露醇250 g,颗粒化后得到颗粒剂。本品用作免疫调节剂,治疗免疫功能受损引起     

臭椿吲哚生物碱成分及其生物活性研究进展

臭椿是一种来源丰富、成本低廉且有很好药用价值的中药植物。吲哚类生物碱是臭椿中的主要活性成分之一,具有较强的抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、抗寄生虫等生物活性。对臭椿吲哚生物碱成分以及生物活性等研究进展进行综述,为今后该植物的研究与应用提供参考。     

臭椿吲哚生物碱成分及其生物活性研究进展

臭椿是一种来源丰富、成本低廉且有很好药用价值的中药植物。吲哚类生物碱是臭椿中的主要活性成分之一,具有较强的抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、抗寄生虫等生物活性。对臭椿吲哚生物碱成分以及生物活性等研究进展进行综述,为今后该植物的研究与应用提供参考。     

鼠尾草属植物化学成分及活性研究新进展*

鼠尾草属是唇形科植物，全世界约900种，中国约29种，药用的近30种。药用的鼠尾草属植物具有广泛的生理活性，除抗氧化和抗血小板聚集作用外，随着对该属植物研究的深入，越来越多的新成分被分离和鉴定，并发现有良好的抗肿瘤、抗寄生虫和抗病毒等活性。现主要对近5年国内外有关该属植物分离的新化学成分及其生物活性研究的进展进行综述，为对该属植物的进一步研究与应用提供参考。     

姜黄素的提取分离与药理作用研究进展

姜黄素是姜黄属植物中的主要活性成分,具有抗癌、抗氧化、抗炎、清除自由基、抗微生物以及对心血管系统、消化系统等多方面药理作用,有较好的临床应用价值和研发潜力.随着提取分离技术的发展,目前有多种方法从植物中提取精制姜黄素.对近年来研究姜黄素的酶法、超临界CO2萃取法等提取方法,聚酰胺吸附、大孔树脂吸附等分离方法及其在保护心...     

白藜芦醇药理作用的研究进展

白藜芦醇是一种非黄酮类多酚化合物,存在于多种植物中,被认为是一种植物抗毒素.研究表明,白藜芦醇具有抗肿瘤、治疗心血管疾病、抗突变、抗氧化、抗菌抗炎、保肝、诱导细胞凋亡及雌激素调节等生物药理活性.     

马兰属植物的化学成分和药理作用及应用研究进展

目的:为马兰属药用植物的进一步开发利用提供参考。方法:以"马兰""Kalimeris"等为关键词,组合查询1985年1月-2017年10月Pub Med、中国知网、维普、万方等国内外数据库中有关马兰属植物的研究文献,结果共查阅到相关文献127篇,其中有效文献40篇,对马兰属植物的化学成分、药理作用和临床应用研究进展进行综述。结果与结论:马兰属植物在我国资源丰富、分布广泛,主要有7种、3变种、1变型。化学成分的研究目前集中在马兰和毡毛马兰,其中马兰主要含有挥发油类、三萜类、黄酮类、蒽醌类等成分,毡毛马兰主要含有黄酮类和皂苷类成分。药理作用研究较多的是马兰,其主要具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗炎镇痛、抗氧化、抗实验性胃溃疡和肝损伤保护等作用;毡毛马兰具有抗炎和止痛作用;全叶马兰具有抗炎镇痛、镇咳以及抑制中枢神经系统等作用。临床上常以马兰单方及组方用于治疗肝病、衄血、疮痈肿毒、急性细菌性痢疾、慢性气管炎等疾病。马兰属植物有很高的食用和药用价值,应进一步加强对该属植物的药理学及临床应用等方面的系统研究。     

桑树的黄酮类化学成分及药理研究进展

目的介绍桑树中的黄酮类成分及药理研究进展。方法以国内外发表的文献为依据,从化学成分、药理作用方面对桑树中黄酮类成分进行了综述。结果桑树中的黄酮类成分具有多方面的药理活性。结论桑树中黄酮类成分具有很好的研发和应用前景。     

The structure–activity relationship review of the main bioactive constituents of Morus genus plants

Morus genus plants are mainly distributed in the temperate to tropical areas over the world and include 17 species and two subspecies. Due to their excellent pharmacological activity, security in food additives and high value in the national economy, Morus genus plants have drawn more and more attention in recent years. In the light of the references published over the last few decades, flavonoids, benzofurans, stilbenes, and Diels–Alder adducts have been reported to be the main bioactive constituents of Morus genus plants. This review summarizes the compounds with excellent bioactivities isolated from Morus genus plants as well as their structure–activity relationships (SARs), which might be useful for the further research and development of Morus genus plants. The aromatic heterocycles with excellent bioactivities isolated from Morus genus plants as well as their structure–activity relationships (SARs) were summarized.     

柽柳属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

柽柳属植物是干旱、半干旱区沙荒地和盐碱化土地上生长的灌木,含多种化学成分,如黄酮、三萜、苯丙酸、甾体类以及有机酸、酚酸类等;药理研究表明其具有保肝、抗氧化、抑菌、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶、抗肿瘤等活性.综述了柽柳属植物不同药用部位的化学成分和药理活性,为进一步研究和开发柽柳属植物资源提供参考.     

桑枝的化学成分及其药理活性研究进展

桑枝作为应用广泛的传统中药,其化合物类型丰富,主要含有黄酮类、生物碱、香豆素类、芪类和三萜类等成分,还含有氨基酸、有机酸、挥发油及多种维生素等。现代药理学研究表明桑枝具有镇痛、抗炎、降血糖、抗氧化等多种药理作用。笔者归纳总结了近年来相关文献,对桑枝中的化学成分和药理作用进行简要综述,并为其进一步的质量控制及开发利用提供参考。     

Chemistry and biosynthesis of prenylflavonoids

Many isoprenylated flavonoids have been isolated from mulberry trees and related plants (Moraceae). Among them, kuwanons G (13) and H (14) were the first isolated active substances exhibiting a hypotensive effect from the Japanese Morus root bark. These compounds are considered to be formed through an enzymatic Diels-Alder reaction of a chalcone (15) and dehydro-kuwanon C (16) or its equivalent. Since that time, about forty kinds of Diels-Alder type adducts structurally similar to that of 13 have been isolated from the moraceous plants. Some strains of Morus alba as well as M. bombycis callus tissues have a high productivity of mulberry Diels-Alder type adducts, such as chalcomoracin (26) and kuwanon J (28). The biosynthesis of the mulberry Diels-Alder type adducts has been studied with the aid of the cell strain. Chalcomoracin (26) and kuwanon J (28) were proved to be enzymatic Diels-Alder type reaction products by the administration experiment with O-methylchalcone derivatives. Furthermore, for the isoprenoid biosynthesis of prenylflavonoids in Morus alba callus tissues, a novel way through the junction of glycolysis and pentose-phosphate cycle was proposed. The crude enzyme fraction catalyzing the Morus Diels-Alder type reaction could be isolated. Studies of phenolic constituents of licorice (Glycyrrhiza species) were carried out. On the course of the structure determination of the phenolic constituents of licorice, two new NMR structure determination methods for prenylflavonoids were found. Furthermore, the prenylphenols isolated from licorice were summarized according to the origin of the materials.     

Discovering COX-inhibiting constituents of Morus root bark: activity-guided versus computer-aided methods

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of two well known approaches for the discovery of the bioactive principle/s in medicinal plants, namely the activity-guided isolation versus the computer-aided drug discovery by means of virtual screening (VS) techniques. Morus root bark of Morus sp. L. (Moraceae) was selected as application example for the discovery of compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. The two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 were chosen as targets and the corresponding pharmacophore models were generated by our research. The activity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of the root bark resulted in the isolation of nine compounds. Their structures were elucidated by mass spectrometry, 1- and 2-dimensional NMR experiments and identified as moracins B, M, the regioisomers O/P as a mixture, and sanggenons B, C, D, E and O. The COX-1 and COX-2 inhibiting activities of these compounds were established in an enzyme assay and compared with the predicted hits obtained from the VS. Sanggenons C, E, and O, that were tested the first time for an inhibitory effect on COX-1 and -2, showed IC50 values of 10-14 microM, and 40-50 microM, respectively. The results show that the COX activities obtained for the sanggenons are correctly predicted by the in silico filtering experiment. In the case of the isolated moracins, however, it failed because the COX inhibiting activities of moracins M and P/O were not retrieved by the VS. Structure-activity relationships of the isolated compounds are discussed as well as potential pitfalls and advantages of the applied strategies.     

竹类植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

竹类植物主要包含黄酮、萜、醇、醛、酚酸、木质素、挥发油、香豆素、生物碱、核苷类等多类别化学成分,药理活性主要表现为抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗抑郁、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤等作用。竹类植物所含化学成分类别众多,药理活性多样,值得继续深入研究。     

迷迭香酸药理作用的研究进展

迷迭香酸是一种含多酚羟基的酸,广泛存在于多种植物中,具有多种药理作用。已广泛用于食品、化妆品、医药等方面。本文简述迷迭香酸近年来在药理作用及临床应用方面的研究进展,旨在为其开发利用提供参考。     

大戟属植物的药用研究进展

大戟属植物作为传统的中药,具有良好的应用价值和广阔的发展前景。该文对近些年来大戟属植物的生药鉴定、资源调查与种植加工、化学成分与质量控制、药理作用等多个方面的研究进展情况进行了介绍,以期为该属植物的药用开发提供参考。