胡芦巴皂苷VIII的结构鉴定

目的　研究中国产胡芦巴Trigonellafoenum graecumL .种子的化学成分。方法　采用硅胶色谱柱进行分离,通过物理、化学和光谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果　分离得到一甾体皂苷,命名为胡芦巴皂苷VIII,鉴定其结构为26-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-25(R)-5α-呋甾烷-20(22)-烯-2α,3β,26-三醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷。结论　胡芦巴皂苷VIII为新化合物。     

蒺藜果中两种新甾体皂苷的分离和鉴定

目的　研究蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris J.)果实的化学成分。方法　用各种色谱技术进行分离和纯化,用ESI/MS ,IR ,¹HNMR ,¹³CNMR ,DEPT ,¹H-¹H COSY ,¹H-¹³C COSY和HMBC等光谱技术鉴定结构。结果　从蒺藜果实中分得2个新甾体皂苷,经光谱鉴定化合物I为新海柯皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→2 )-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷,化合物II为新海柯皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷。结论　化合物I和II为新化合物,分别命名为蒺藜皂苷A和B。     

知母的皂苷成分

目的：研究知母的化学成分,寻找新的活性物质。方法：利用大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等手段进行分离,根据化合物的理化性质及光谱(IR,FAB-MS,ESI-MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,DEPT,HMQC,HMBC,NOESY和ROESY)数据鉴定结构。结果：从中药知母分离得到两种甾体皂苷,确定其结构是：(5β,25S)-螺甾烷-3β,15α,23α-三醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(1)和(5β,25S)-螺甾烷-3β,23α-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(2)。结论：1和2均是新化合物,分别命名为知母皂苷F和知母皂苷G。     

西陵知母中甾体皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的:从新鲜西陵知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge.)根茎中分离出有生理活性的化学成分—甾体皂苷。方法:用柱色谱法分离纯化,通过理化方法及光谱分析(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,EI-MS,ESI-MS,HMBC,HMQC)鉴定化学结构。结果:从新鲜西陵知母根茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到西陵知母皂苷A与B,其化学结构分别为萨尔萨皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡糖基(1→2)-O-β-D-半乳糖苷和萨尔萨皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡糖基(1→3)-O-β-D-葡糖基(1→2)-O-β-D-半乳糖苷。结论:西陵皂苷B为一新化合物。     

知母中呋甾皂甙的研究

自知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.根茎的乙醇提取物中,经硅胶柱层析和制备型HPLC分得四种呋甾皂甙。用化学反应和波谱(IR,FAB-MS,EI-MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,DEPT,一维多重接力CoSY,二维接力HOHAHA,¹H-¹H COSY,¹H-¹³C COSY和NOE差谱)解析,确定其结构为知母皂贰B(anemarsaponinB,I),(25S)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-5β-呋甾-20(22)-烯-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃哺葡萄糖甙(Ⅱ),(25S)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-5β-呋甾-3β,26-二醉-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅲ),(25S)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-甲氧基-5β-呋甾-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅳ)。Ⅱ为一新的呋甾皂甙,命名为知母皂甙C;化合物Ⅳ为首次从知母中分离得到,命名为知母皂甙E。初步的药理实验显示,化合物1～Ⅳ均有一定的清除羟自由基的作用。     

黄山药中甾体皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的　研究黄山药的化学成分,寻找新的活性物质。方法　用硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等进行分离,通过理化方法及光谱分析(IR,ESI-MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,DEPT,¹H-¹HCOSY,HMQC,HMBC,NOESY)鉴定化学结构。结果　从黄山药根茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到3种甾体皂苷,其化学结构分别鉴定为26-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-3β,26-二醇-23(S)-甲氧基-25(R)-Δ^5,20(22)-二烯-呋甾-3-O-［α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)］-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(I),伪原薯蓣皂苷(pseudoprotodioscin,II),26-O-β-D-葡吡喃糖基25(R)-呋甾-Δ^5,20(22)-二烯-3β,26-二羟基-3-O-［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(III)。结论　I为新化合物,命名为黄山药皂苷C,II,III为首次从本属植物中分得。     

知母皂甙E1和E2

应用硅胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱等分离手段,从中药知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.)分离得到2种新的呋甾皂甙,经光谱(IR,ESI MS,¹HNMR,¹³HNMR)分析和化学反应,鉴定其结构分别是:(25S)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-5-β-呋甾-3β,15α,26-三醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(1),(25S)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-甲氧基-5β-呋甾-3β,15α,26-三醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(2)。(1)是新化合物,命名为知母皂甙E1;(2)是(1)的甲醚化人工产物,命名为知母皂甙E2。对知母皂甙-I(A)的结构分析作了简单说明。     

南重楼Paris vietnamensis活性物质的分离与鉴定

目的研究南重楼Paris vietnamensis (Takht.)中具有细胞毒活性的甾体皂苷类化学成分。方法采用柱色谱进行分离纯化，通过光谱分析和理化方法鉴定化合物结构，并进行体外细胞毒活性筛选。结果从南重楼中分离得到11个甾体皂苷类化合物，化合物1结构为：3β,5α,6α-三羟基-7(8)-烯-异螺甾烷醇-3-氧-β-D-葡吡喃糖基(1→3)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(1)，命名为南重楼皂苷A。化合物2～11分别为：25(R)-薯蓣皂苷元-3-氧-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基(1→4)-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(2)；25(R)薯蓣皂苷元-3-氧-α-L-鼠李糖吡喃基(1→2)-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(3)；25(R)薯蓣皂苷元-3-氧-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基(1→4)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(4)；25(R)薯蓣皂苷元-3-氧-β-D-葡吡喃糖基(1→3)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(5)；25(R)薯蓣皂苷元-3-氧-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(6)；25(R)偏诺苷元-3-氧-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基(1→4)-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(7)；25(R)偏诺苷元-3-氧-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(8)；25(R)偏诺苷元-3-氧-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基(1→4)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(9)；25(R)偏诺皂苷元-3-氧-β-D-葡吡喃糖基(1→3)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(10)；25(R)偏诺苷元-3-氧-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)］-β-D-葡吡喃糖苷(11)，体外筛选表明部分甾体皂苷类化合物具有细胞毒作用。结论化合物1为一新化合物，化合物2，3，6～11均为首次从南重楼中获得。化合物3，4，6，8具有对肝癌HepG2和胃癌SGC-7901的细胞毒活性。     

合欢皂苷J20的结构鉴定

目的:研究合欢皮的化学成分及活性。方法:用现代色谱法分离合欢皮皂苷,用化学和现代波谱法,主要是二维核磁共振技术鉴定结构。结果及结论:分离并鉴定了一个新三萜皂苷,结构为3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖基]-21-O-｛(6S)-2-反式-2-羟甲基-6-甲基-6-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-2,7-辛二烯酰基｝金合欢酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(1→3)-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)]-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖基酯,命名为合欢皂苷J₂₀(JulibrosideJ₂₀)。     

中药知母有效成分研究

自内蒙古赤峰地区产知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bumge)根茎的乙醇提取物中分得单体化合物知母皂甙A1(Ⅰ),A2(Ⅱ)和B(Ⅲ)。经化学和波谱方法(UV,IR,EI-MS,FAB-MS,¹H-NMR和¹³C-NMR),以鉴定其化学结构分别为萨尔萨皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅰ)、吗尔考皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅱ)和26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基呋甾-20(22)-烯-3β-2,6-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅲ)。Ⅲ为一新的甾体皂甙,且其甙元也是首次在天然界中发现。经初步药理实验显示,Ⅲ具有抑制PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集的作用。     

New furostanol saponins from the bulbs of Allium macrostemon Bunge and their cytotoxic activity

Four new furostanol saponins, named as macrostemonoside O, macrostemonoside P, macrostemonoside Q and macrostemonoside R, along with five known compounds, were isolated from the dried bulbs of Allium macrostemon Bunge. The structures of these new compounds were established by the spectral data elucidation (IR, ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR) as 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxyl-5beta-furost-25 (27)-ene-3beta, 26-diol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (macrostemonoside O), (25R)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxyl-5beta-furost-1beta, 3beta, 26-triol-3- O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (macrostemonoside P), (25R)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5beta-furost-1alpha, 2beta, 3beta, 26-tetraol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (macrostemonoside Q) and (25R)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxyl-5beta-furost-2alpha, 3beta, 26-triol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2) [beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (macrostemonoside R), respectively. Their cytotoxic activities on several cancer cell lines including solid tumor (HepG2, MCF-7, NCI-H460 and SF-268) and drug resistant tumor (R-HepG2) were investigated and five compounds showed diverse cytotoxity to these cancer cell lines which suggest that they might be used as potential leading compounds to cure cancer diseases.     

Terrestrinins A and B, two new steroid saponins from Tribulus terrestris

Two new steroid saponins, named terrestrinins A (1) and B (2), along with six known compounds were isolated from the Chinese medicine herb Tribulus terrestris, and their chemical structures were elucidated as 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-furostan-4(5),20(22)-diene-3,12-dione (1) and 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5alpha-furostane-3beta,22alpha,26-triol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 3)-[(beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2) on the basis of spectroscopic techniques.     

Steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides and their effects on superoxide generation

A new steroidal saponin, timosaponin F, along with six known compounds was isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structure of timosaponin F was elucidated as (5beta, 25 S):-spirostan-3beta,15alpha,23alpha-triol-3-O-beta- glucopyranosyl-(1--->2)-beta-galactopyranoside. The six known compounds were anemarrhenasaponin I, anemarrhenasaponin Ia, timosaponin BI, timosaponin BII, timosaponin B, timosaponin AIII; their effects on superoxide generation are also reported.     

知母中新的甾体皂苷

从中药知母（ＡｎｅｍａｒｈｅｎａａｓｐｈｏｄｅｌｏｉｄｅｓＢｇｅ．）中分离出一种新的呋甾皂苷，用化学和光谱方法确定其结构为：（２５Ｓ） ２６ Ｏ β Ｄ 吡喃葡萄糖基 ５β 呋甾 ２０（２２） 烯 ２β，３β ２６ 三醇 ３ Ｏ β Ｄ 吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２） β Ｄ 吡喃半乳糖苷，命名为知母皂苷Ｄ．     

Saponins of anemarrhenae rhizoma

Three steroidal saponins 3, 4 and 5a were newly isolated from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma. Compounds 3 and 4 were identical with desgalactotigonin and F-gitonin, respectively. Compound 5a was established as (25S)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5 beta-furostane-3 beta,26-diol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.     

A new active steroidal saponin from Anemarrhena asphodeloides.

A new active steroidal saponin, anemarsaponin B, was isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhina asphodeloides. The structure of anemarsaponin B was elucidated as 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfurost-20(22)-ene-3 beta, 26-diol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside by chemical and spectral studies. Preliminary pharmacological tests showed that anemarsaponin B could inhibit PAF-induced rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro.     

中药知母中的一个新皂苷

目的对中药知母进行化学成分的分析研究。方法通过硅胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等手段分离,利用理化性质和光谱方法鉴定。结果得到1个化合物,鉴定为(5β,25R)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-呋甾-22-甲氧基-3β,26-二羟基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷。结论该化合物为未见文献报道的新化合物,命名为知母皂苷BⅤ(timosaponin BⅤ)。     

盾叶薯蓣中水溶性甾体皂苷成分

为研究盾叶薯蓣的水溶性化学成分，用溶剂提取，色谱法分离，光谱法鉴定结构。从盾叶薯蓣的水溶液中分离到5个甾体皂苷(I～V)，经分析¹H NMR、 ¹³C NMR、¹³⁵DEPT、 HMQC、 HMBC和TOCSY谱，鉴定了化合物的结构，其中4个为原甾体皂苷，1个为甾体皂苷。化合物V为(25R)-26-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-en-3β,22ξ,26-triol-4β-acetoxyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-［α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)］-β-D-glucopyranoside，为1新化合物，命名为zingiberenin G，化合物I、II、III在盾叶薯蓣中为首次报道。     

知母中三个新的呋甾皂苷

从中药知母（ＡｎｅｍａｒｒｈｅｎａａｓｐｈｏｄｅｌｏｉｄｅｓＢｇｅ．）中分离出三种新的呋甾皂苷，初步鉴定为（２５Ｓ）－２６－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖－５β－呋甾－２０（２２）－双键－３β，２６－二醇－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→２）〔β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→３）〕－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→４）－β－Ｄ－半乳糖苷（１），（２５Ｓ）－２６－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基－２２－羟基－５β－呋甾－３β，２６－二醇－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→２）〔β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→３）〕－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→４）－β－Ｄ－半乳糖苷（２），（２５Ｓ）－２６－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基－２２－甲氧基－５β－呋甾－３β，２６－二醇－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→２）〔β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→３）〕－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖基（１→４）－β－Ｄ－半乳糖苷（３）．分别命名为ｔｉｍｏｓａｐｏｎｉｎ－ＢⅣ，ｔｉｍｏ－ｓａｐｏｎｉｎ－ＢⅤ，ｔｉｍｏｓａｐｏｎｉｎ－ＢⅥ．