表达mIFN-γ的重组链球菌的构建及其对重组Sj-F1链球菌疫苗免疫调节作用研究

目的 构建表达mIFN-γ的重组链球菌,并与重组日本血吸虫Sj-F1链球菌疫苗进行联合免疫,观察IFN-γ对重组日本血吸虫Sj-F1链球菌疫苗的免疫调节效应.方法 用PCR法扩增mIFN-γ基因,亚克隆至链球菌重组质粒pGMB1,经PCR、限制性酶切和测序鉴定筛选阳性重组子.将阳性重组质粒转化链球菌载体,经抗生素抗性转化及染色体PCR鉴定筛选阳性重组链球菌.用Streak blot和Westem blot分析鉴定重组链球菌的表达情况.鉴定后的重组mIFN-γ链球菌与重组Sj-F1链球菌疫苗联合应用,经滴鼻接种免疫昆明小鼠,观察诱导产生的减虫和减卵效果.结果 成功构建了分泌mIFN-γ重组链球菌.Streak blot和Westem blot分析表明重组链球菌能分泌mIFN-γ并可稳定遗传.免疫保护性实验表明,重组mIFN-γ链球菌与重组日本血吸虫Sj-F1链球菌疫苗联合免疫,减虫率和减卵率分别为31.56％和47.48％,与单用重组Sj-F1链球菌疫苗比较减虫率和减卵率均增加.结论 结果表明,重组mIFN-γ链球菌能增强重组Sj-F1链球菌疫苗抗日本血吸虫感染的保护力.     

EBI3蛋白基因克隆、表达及其初步鉴定

目的 进一步研究EB病毒诱导基因3(EBI3)蛋白在病原生物感染宿主中的功能,探讨原核表达小鼠EBI3蛋白并初步鉴定.方法 收集日本血吸虫感染的C57/BL6小鼠脾细胞后提取总RNA,利用所合成引物经RT-PCR获得EBI3的cDNA,将该基因亚克隆入原核表达载体pET32a(+) ,转化至大肠埃希菌(E.coli)BL21株, 经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,对包涵体进行变性、纯化和复性后获得可溶性的小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,用Western blot对其鉴定.用纯化的重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠获取血清,经饱和硫酸铵法和DEAE-Sephadex A-50柱纯化得到抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其免疫活性.结果 基因工程获得目的 蛋白变性复性成功后经Western blot鉴定证实为小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,免疫小鼠后取血清,分离纯化获得抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,ELISA结果表明该蛋白具有免疫原性.结论 成功地表达了小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,并制备了抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,为进一步研究EBI3蛋白在病原生物感染宿主中的功能奠定了基础.     

日本血吸虫DNA多价疫苗SjGST-FABP/pcDNA3的构建及其保护性免疫研究

目的构建日本血吸虫DNA多价疫苗SjGST-FABP/pcDNA3,用以免疫小鼠,观察其在小鼠抗血吸虫感染中的免疫保护作用。方法根据质粒pGEX-4T-1中SjGST-ORF和SjFABP基因序列,利用基因重组、PCR等技术将SjGST和SjFABP编码基因拼接在一起,得到融合基因SjGST-FABP,将融合基因SjGST-FABP定向克隆到pcDNA3多克隆位点上,转化大肠杆菌,经质粒扩增和DNA序列测定后,进行小鼠动物免疫和日本血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染及免疫保护性评价。结果成功构建了日本血吸虫DNA多价疫苗SjGST-FABP/pcDNA3。免疫小鼠获得42.39%的减虫率和56.09%肝减卵率（P〈0.05）。结论日本血吸虫DNA多价疫苗SjGST-FABP/pcDNA3可诱导部分抗血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染的免疫保护效果,具有疫苗研究与开发价值。     

日本血吸虫Mf2基因的亚克隆表达与免疫保护效果研究

目的 在大肠杆菌中高效表达日本血吸虫(Schistosoma japonicum，Sj）Mf2蛋白，并对表达产物进行免疫保护效果测定。方法 将SjMf2基因亚克隆至pCEX—5X—3原核表达载体，以GST融合蛋白的形式在ER2688中表达，表达产物免疫小鼠，免疫用抗原剂量为50μg/次.鼠，对照组分别注射FCA或PBS，在0、2、6周共免疫3次。第3次免疫后2周进行攻击感染，42d后杀鼠，观察减虫和减卵效果。结果 在IPTG诱导下，表达载体中的SjGST基因与重组的SjMf2基因在大肠杆菌中得以高效表达，形成了SjGST—Mf2融合蛋白，用这种融合蛋白免疫小鼠，诱导产生了27．75％的减虫率和45．7％的每雌肝组织虫卵减少率(LEPF)。结论 SjMf2基因亚克隆至pGEX—5X—3载体后可在大肠杆菌中高效表达，表达产物能诱导小鼠产生一定程度的抗日本血吸虫保护性免疫力。     

日本血吸虫Sj31核酸疫苗联合IFN-γ重组质粒诱导小鼠保护性免疫的研究

目的　探讨干扰素 γ重组质粒对日本血吸虫组织蛋白酶B核酸疫苗在小鼠抗血吸虫作用的影响。　方法　将小鼠干扰素 γ基因PCR扩增片段克隆入真核表达载体pCDNA3 1以构建重组真核表达质粒pCDNA3 1 IFN γ ,并与日本血吸虫组织蛋白酶B真核表达质粒VR10 12 Sj3 1一同免疫小鼠。小鼠分为 4组 ,其中实验组每鼠同时肌注VR10 12 Sj3 1及pCDNA3 1 IFN γ各 10 0 μg ,3个对照组分别为VR10 12 Sj3 1肌注 10 0 μg ,pCDNA3 1 IFN γ肌注 10 0 μg和载体VR10 12及pCHAN3 1肌注各 10 0 μg。共免疫 3次 ,每次间隔 2周。于末次免疫后两周免疫组化检测表达质粒在小鼠肌细胞的表达 ,于末次免疫后 3周经小鼠皮肤攻击感染 40± 1条日本血吸虫尾蚴。 45d后杀小鼠计算减虫率。　结果　VR10 12 Sj3 1及pCDNA3 1 IFN γ均在小鼠肌细胞表达 ,日本血吸虫Sj3 1核酸疫苗联合IFN γ重组质粒免疫可诱导小鼠产生 2 7 3 7%的减虫率 ,与日本血吸虫Sj3 1核酸疫苗单独免疫组比较减虫率显著 (P <0 0 5 )。　结论　IFN γ表达质粒能增强日本血吸虫组织蛋白酸B核酸疫苗的抗日本血吸虫的作用     

日本血吸虫（大陆株）融合蛋白保护性免疫力的研究

采用日本血吸虫(大陆株)融合蛋白加福氏佐剂免疫小鼠,攻击感染后,不但可减少虫负荷(减虫率为29.2—51.0%),还可降低血吸虫雌虫的产卵量(减卵率为52.1—74.3%),血清抗体在初次免疫后3周即明显升高,并持续维持较高的水平。结果表明,经大肠杆菌表达的日本血吸虫重组融合蛋白能诱导抗攻击感染的保护性免疫力,可望作为混合多价疫苗的候选组份而大规模的生产。     

日本血吸虫组织蛋白酶B DNA疫苗不同免疫途径免疫保护效果研究

目的:观察本室所构建日本血吸虫大陆株31kDa组织蛋白B DNA疫苗在BALB/c小鼠体内的不同免疫途径的免疫保护效果.方法:用纯化的空白质粒载体VR1012、重组质粒VR1012-Sj31免疫BALB/c鼠,将36只6～8周龄BALB/c鼠随机分为3组,每组12只,对照组(A组)肌肉注射空白质粒载体VR1012,实验组(B组)皮下注射重组质粒VR1012-Sj31,C组肌肉注射重组质粒VR1012-Sj31.质粒剂量均为100μg,每隔2w免疫1次,共免疫3次,第3次免疫后第21d,每只鼠经腹部感染10条尾蚴,42d后剖杀计数各小鼠成虫数和每克肝卵数,观察诱导产生的减虫和减卵效果,并用ELISA分析小鼠血清中的抗体.结果:ELISA分析表明,第3次免疫后小鼠出现特异性IgG抗体.与空白质粒对照组比较,2个实验组的减虫率分别为15.0%(P＞0.05)和25.0%(P＜0.05),减卵率分别为38.22%和54.90%(P＜0.001).与皮下免疫组相比,VR1012/Sj31肌肉免疫组的减卵率分别为26.99%(P＜0.001).结论:DNA疫苗VR1012-Sj31能诱导小鼠产生一定水平的抗日本血吸虫感染保护作用,肌肉注射的保护效果大于皮下注射.     

重组日本血吸虫26 ku谷胱甘肽-硫-转移酶的表达、纯化及其免疫特性分析用于急性血吸虫病免疫诊断

目的将日本血吸虫(中国大陆株)26 ku谷胱甘肽-硫-转移酶(26 ku SjGST)基因克隆入pET28a(+)并诱导表达26 ku rSjGST蛋白,纯化并用于急性血吸虫病免疫诊断.方法构建重组质粒pET28a-SjGST,转化到E.coli BL21,经IPTG诱导表达并进行SDS变性蛋白质电泳,以小鼠抗GST单克隆抗体为一抗,进行Western-blot分析.用His·BandPurification Kit亲和层析纯化重组蛋白,以此重组蛋白作为抗原,用ELISA法检测急性血吸虫患者血清和非流行区正常人血清. 结果成功地构建了重组质粒pET28a-SjGST,SDS变性蛋白质电泳显示可见一与预期分子量大小相符的特异蛋白条带的表达.Western blot分析表明,该重组蛋白能被小鼠抗GST单克隆抗体识别.ELISA结果表明,rSj GST用于急性血吸虫患者血清中抗体检测的阳性率为92.3%.结论 rSj GST得到表达和纯化,该重组蛋白用于急性血吸虫患者血清中抗体的检测具有良好的免疫反应性,为进一步探讨其在血吸虫病诊断中的应用奠定了基础.     

日本血吸虫HGPRT重组抗原与不同佐剂联合应用对小鼠免疫保护作用的研究

目的:观察日本血吸虫(大陆株)次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase, HGPRT)重组抗原(reSjc HGPRT)与ISA206或弗氏佐剂联合免疫对小鼠诱导抗日本血吸虫感染的保护作用. 方法:雌性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为5组:reSjc HGPRT加ISA206佐剂免疫组、reSjc HGPRT加弗氏佐剂组、ISA206佐剂对照组、弗氏佐剂对照组和感染对照组.20 μg重组抗原和ISA206或弗氏佐剂乳化后小鼠项背部多点皮下注射,共免疫3次,每次间隔2周.佐剂对照组小鼠仅注射ISA206或弗氏佐剂和生理盐水,感染对照组不注射任何重组抗原或生理盐水.于末次免疫后3周,每只小鼠经腹部皮肤感染(30±1)条日本血吸虫尾蚴,6周后剖杀小鼠,门脉灌注收集成虫,计数成虫数、雌雄合抱数和小鼠肝组织虫卵数.在免疫前、攻击感染前和小鼠剖杀前分别采血并分离血清,用ELISA检测血清中特异性IgG抗体. 结果:重组抗原加ISA206佐剂或弗氏佐剂免疫组均诱导小鼠产生特异性IgG抗体应答,与感染对照组和弗氏佐剂对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);诱导小鼠产生的减虫率、减雌雄合抱率和肝组织减卵率分别为53.7%、59.3%、44.9%和43.3%、44.1%、33.0%,与感染对照组和2种佐剂对照组相比均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:reSjc HGPRT与ISA206或弗氏佐剂联合免疫,可诱导小鼠产生抗血吸虫感染保护作用.     

重组日本血吸虫胞质氨基肽酶粘膜免疫诱导小鼠抗攻击感染保护力的研究

目的　探讨重组日本血吸虫胞质氨基肽酶粘膜免疫诱导小鼠抗攻击感染的保护力。　方法　实验小鼠分成 4组 ,每组 11只 ,包括CTB、rSjGST2 6+CTB、rSjGST -CA +CTB滴鼻免疫组和PBS滴鼻免疫为对照组。在第 3次免疫后 2周 ,每只经腹部感染 (4 0± 1)条尾蚴。 45d宰杀动物 ,观察减虫率和减卵率。在初次免疫前和攻击感染前采集唾液和尾静脉采血 ,ELISA检测血清及唾液内特异抗体水平。　结果　血清特异IgA和IgG及唾液内sIgA水平升高。rSjGST -CA +CTB和rSjGST2 6+CTB滴鼻免疫组减虫率分别为 2 9 62 %和 3 1 5 5 %。每克肝减卵率分别为 45 0 0 %和63 3 4%。　结论　重组日本血吸虫胞质氨基肽酶粘膜免疫可诱导小鼠产生部分抗攻击感染的保护力     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…