人体脂肪干细胞培养及成骨诱导分化

目的 通过成人脂肪体外分离培养脂肪间充质干细胞（adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs）研究其生理特性及在特定培养条件下向成骨分化,探讨脂肪源性干细胞作为骨组织工程的种子细胞的前景.方法 从成人脂肪中利用胶原酶消化法分离并体外培养干细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记物,CCK8检测细胞活性,P3代脂肪干细胞通过成骨诱导液诱导向骨细胞分化,BCIP/NBT比色法染色检测碱性磷酸酶（AKP）,茜素红染色检测钙结节形成,RT-PCR检测碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨桥蛋白（OP）表达变化.结果 成人脂肪间质来源的ADSCs,能稳定传代,增殖能力旺盛;流式细胞检测证实其特异表达相关干细胞表面标记物;成骨诱导后表现出呈典型的成骨细胞形态;ALP染色阳性,茜素红染色阳性,诱导培养0、3、7、14、21、28天后RT-PCR定量检测证实细胞中ALP、OP阳性表达.结论 成人脂肪中可分离得到ADSCs,其稳定表达特异性的表面抗原,并且经过相应诱导培养后可向骨细胞分化,阳性表达OP、ALP,可作为优良的骨组织工程的种子细胞来源.     

大鼠脂肪干细胞冷冻复苏后的生物学特性及成骨细胞分化潜能的研究

目的 研究冻存复苏后大鼠脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）的生物学特性及其体外诱导成骨细胞分化的潜能。方法 冷冻保存6 个月的大鼠ADSCs 复苏后传代培养,显微镜下观察细胞形态;CCK8 检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测CD44,CD105。第3 代细胞诱导成骨培养2 ～ 3 周后碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和茜素红染色,观察成骨情况。结果 复苏后ADSCs 形态类似成纤维细胞,增殖迅速。成骨诱导培养后表现出成骨细胞特性,ALP 染色活性增加,茜素红染色出现矿化结节。结论 冷冻保存复苏后的ADSCs 细胞生物性能稳定,定向诱导后可分化为 成骨细胞,可作为骨组织工程的种子细胞。     

诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的实验研究

目的 明确大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(bone mensenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)在体外全骨髓培养条件下的生物学特性及其向成骨细胞分化的能力,探索更为简便有效的BMSCs体外培养方法.方法 提取大鼠原代BMSCs,用酠EM完全培养基和成骨诱导条件培养基体外培养,倒置相差显微镜和HE染色观察细胞形态;台盼蓝活细胞计数绘制细胞生长曲线;ALP检测试剂盒检测ALP含量变化和von Kossa染色检测细胞矿化结节,以判断细胞是否向成骨细胞分化.结果 全骨髓培养法在体外培养的大鼠原代BMSCs贴壁生长,呈梭形或多角形;使用Dex-SaMEM向成骨诱导后的BMSCs具有与成骨细胞在体外培养时相似的特征,倍增时间延长;合成ALP能力显著增强(P<0.05),von Kossa染色出现阳性的棕褐色或棕黑色团块的钙化结节.结论 全骨髓培养法取材方便,经成骨诱导培养的BMSCs表现出成骨细胞的形态特征和生物学特性,该方法可作为骨组织工程种子细胞培养的常规方法.     

大鼠骨髓间质干细胞体外分化为成骨细胞的实验研究

目的：建立大鼠骨髓间质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)体外诱导分化为成骨细胞的模型。方法：分离大鼠骨髓间质干细胞进行体外培养，观察其生物学特性。并选用一定的诱导剂诱导成骨细胞，通过形态学变化、碱性磷酸酶染色及钙沉积对成骨细胞进行鉴定。结果：大鼠MSCs细胞形态呈长梭形，成骨细胞诱导后MSC细胞形态由长梭形向多边形转变，ALP染色阳性，Von Kossa染色阳性，呈现典型的成骨细胞形态和生物学特征。结论：大鼠骨髓MSCs体外能被诱导分化为成骨细胞，为骨组织工程研究的优良种子细胞。     

大鼠脂肪干细胞体外定向诱导分化为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞的研究

目的研究大鼠脂肪干细胞的基本生物学特性及其向脂肪细胞和成骨细胞诱导分化潜能。方法取6周龄SD大鼠腹股沟处脂肪组织,胶原酶消化法分离出脂肪干细胞,体外培养。取第3代细胞,免疫细胞化学测定其CD44、CD34抗原表达,分别用成脂和成骨诱导培养液诱导其向脂肪细胞及成骨细胞分化。油红染色、碱性磷酸酶染色和vonKossa染色鉴定其分化能力。结果大鼠脂肪干细胞生长能力旺盛,表达CD44,而不表达CD34;定向诱导后,油红染色、碱性磷酸酶染色和vonKossa染色阳性。结论大鼠脂肪组织可分离培养出脂肪干细胞,能向脂肪细胞和成骨细胞诱导分化,有可能成为组织工程理想的种子细胞来源之一。     

人脂肪干细胞体外培养及向软骨细胞诱导分化的实验研究

目的:观察人脂肪基质干细胞(ADSCs)体外分离培养及成脂、成软骨诱导分化的生物学性状,探讨其作为软骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性.方法:(1)人脂肪组织来源于健康成年女性腹部吸脂术,酶消化法分离出ADSCs,体外培养扩增.(2)取第3代ADSCs,测细胞生长曲线,流式细胞仪测原代细胞表面标记;成脂和成软骨诱导分化.(3)倒置显微镜观察油红O、阿尔辛蓝(AB-PSA)染色和Ⅱ型胶原免疫细胞化学染色检测分化情况;RT-PCR检测相关标志基因表达.结果:(1)体外培养的ADSCs细胞形态均一,传代稳定.(2)经成脂诱导,细胞内出现空泡,油红O染色呈红色,RT-PCR检测到有Leptin、PPAR-γ表达;经成软骨诱导,AB-PSA染色呈紫红色,Ⅱ型胶原免疫细胞化学染色胞浆呈棕黄色,RT-PCR检测COLLⅡ、SOX9和aggrecan表达.结论:脂肪干细胞能向软骨细胞方向诱导分化,可作为软骨组织工程种子细胞.     

兔脂肪基质细胞的分离培养及其成骨活性的研究

目的探讨兔脂肪组织来源脂肪基质细胞的分离培养方法及其成骨活性．方法取成年新西兰大白兔腹股沟皮下脂肪组织1～2mL,采用机械切割及Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法从脂肪组织中分离获得脂肪基质细胞,原代培养及传代以后,以诱导培养基（内含10mmol／Lβ-甘油磷酸钠、10～8mol／L地塞米松、50mg／L维生素C）进行诱导培养．实验评估：应用形态学观察、碱性磷酸酶钙-钴法染色检测碱性磷酸酶,Von Kossa钙化结节染色检测钙化结节的形成等方法来鉴定诱导分化所得细胞的成骨活性．结果行诱导培养的脂肪基质细胞呈多层成长,形态多为梭形,细胞外基质有白色钙化结节形成;细胞增殖速度减慢,生长周期变长．碱性磷酸酶钙钻法染色及Von Kossa钙化结节染色后均表现为阳性,未诱导培养的脂肪基质细胞则表现为阴性．结论初步建立了一套南脂肪组织分离培养脂肪基质细胞的方法,并证明该细胞在体外诱导培养条件下具备向成骨细胞分化的能力．     

脂肪来源干细胞体外成骨诱导和成脂诱导分化

目的 探讨脂肪组织来源的多能干细胞(adipose tissue-derived stromal ceHs,ADSCs)的多向分化潜能.方法 取小香猪腹部皮下脂肪组织,通过Ⅰ型胶原酶消化、离心等步骤分离培养ADSCs,经过原代培养和传代培养.分别加入成骨诱导剂和成脂诱导培养.经过倒置显微镜观察诱导后细胞形态变化,并通过Gomori改良钙钴法、yon Kossa染色和油红O染色对其成骨细胞和脂肪细胞表型进行鉴定,进一步比较细胞的转化率.结果 ADSCs呈成纤维细胞样贴壁生长,其经成骨、成脂诱导培养2周后形态、体积发生明显改变.Gomori改良钙钴法染色显示其细胞质内富含碱性磷酸酶(alkalinephosphatase,ALP)颗粒,诱导后15 d和19 d,ALP阳性细胞分别为(25.0±7.5)%和(49.7±6.9)%,von Kossa染色表明聚集的细胞团中央能形成钙化结节;倒置显微镜,成脂诱导3、7、14 d后脂肪细胞转化率分别为(22.3±12.5)%、(49.6±7.1)%和(89.4±9.3)%.油红O染色可见细胞质内出现橙红色脂滴,14 d油红O染色阳性率高达(92.5±9.1)%.结论 ADSCs经体外诱导培养后可向成骨细胞和脂肪细胞分化,并具有明显的成骨和成脂表型,表明ADSCs具有多向分化潜能.     

培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化

目的探讨体外培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化的方法,以及钙结节形成、Ⅰ型胶原表达等情况. 方法分离人骨髓间充质干细胞,经过原代培养和传代培养,分别加入成骨诱导、脂肪诱导培养体系,经过倒置显微镜观测与HE染色了解诱导后细胞形态变化,并通过von Kossa染色、Ⅰ型胶原免疫组化染色、苏丹黑染色与油红O法染色鉴定细胞的性质.另取2代细胞体外培养,加入成骨诱导分化试剂,以碱性磷酸酶(ALP)为检测指标计数细胞阳性率,比较成骨诱导1、2、3、4周时细胞碱性磷酸酶的变化.结果体外培养的MSCs在合适的条件下能够向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化.细胞经成骨诱导2～3周时细胞碱性磷酸酶阳性率最高,达到85%.结论 MSCs体外培养在一定条件下向成骨细胞、软骨细胞与脂肪细胞分化,体外培养时形成钙结节,并表达Ⅰ型胶原.培养2～3周后细胞经成骨诱导分化细胞ALP阳性率较高.     

骨髓基质细胞体外培养的生物学特性和成骨能力初步鉴定

目的体外分离培养狗的骨髓基质细胞（BMSCs），诱导其向成骨细胞分化，初步鉴定其成骨潜能和生物学特性。方法抽取毕格犬髂骨骨髓体外分离培养获得BMSCs，DMEM、新生牛血清培养基进行原代培养，部分传代细胞以含10mmol／L地塞米松、50μg／ml抗坏血酸和10mmol／L β-甘油磷酸钠的矿化培养液诱导其向成骨细胞增殖分化。倒置相差显微镜进行细胞形态学和细胞生长增殖观察，VonKossa法染色检测体外矿化结节形成，细胞碱性磷酸酶染色检测BMSCs的成骨活性。结果体外分离培养的BMSCs经条件培养基诱导后表现出明显的成骨活性，体外矿化（骨样）结节的Von Kossa染色阳性；传代BMSCs碱性磷酸酶染色阳性。结论体外分离培养的BMSCs中含有骨源性前体细胞．传代细胞具有较强的成骨潜能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.