人格对留守儿童顺从行为的影响

为了了解留守儿童的顺从行为的状况,并探讨人格对留守儿童顺从行为的影响,采用青少年小五人格问卷和顺从行为量表对留守儿童进行评定.结果 表明,留守儿童中女生的顺从行为显著高于男生;相关分析表明留守儿童人格因素中的外向性、宜人性、谨慎性、开放性均与顺从存在显著的负相关,情绪性与顺从存在显著正相关(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);回归分析显示,人格对留守儿童的顺从行为有显著影响(R2=0.436,F=28.465,P=0.000).     

青少年认知情绪调节与行为抑制行为激活系统的关系

目的 探索青少年认知情绪调节与行为抑制、行为激活系统的关系.方法 采用认知情绪调节问卷中文版(CERQ-C)和行为抑制/激活系统量表中文版(BIS/BAS Scale)对四川省初中到大学742名青少年进行调查.结果 (1)非适应策略中自我责难、沉思、灾难化、责难他人均与行为抑制系统呈显著正相关(r=0.13～0.38,P＜0.01),适应策略与行为抑制系统无显著相关(r=-0.05,P＞0.05).非适应情绪调节策略与BAS呈显著正相关(r=0.24,P＜0.01),适应性情绪调节策略与BAS则呈显著负相关(r=-0.028,P＜0.01).(2)行为抑制、行为激活系统对除接受外的八种认知情绪调节策略有显著预测作用(P＜0.01).结论 行为抑制、行为激活系统与认知情绪调节关系密切,且对青少年情绪调节策略的选择有重要影响.     

中学教师人格特质与焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关研究

①目的 调查中学教师的人格特质和焦虑、抑郁情绪的现状及关系,为教师的心理干预提供依据.②方法 应用艾森克人格问卷简式中国版(EPQ-RSC)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对168位中学教师进行问卷测查.③结果 中学教师的焦虑抑郁水平显著高于全国常模;焦虑、抑郁情绪的检出率分别为19.6﹪和32.7%,焦虑、抑郁情绪并存的检出率为13.1%.中学教师的SAS与SDS得分有显著正相关(r=0.608,P1＜0.05).中学教师的SAS与EPQ的E、L维度有显著负相关,与N维度有显著正相关(r1=﹣0.197,P1＜0.05;r2=﹣0.175,P2＜0.05;r3=0.556,P3＜0.01);SDS与EPQ的E维度有显著负相关,与N、P维度有显著正相关(r1=﹣0.195,P1＜0.05;r2=0.407,P2＜0.05;r3=0.192,P3＜0.01).④结论 中学教师的焦虑抑郁水平偏高,部分教师同时存在焦虑抑郁情绪;中学教师性格越外向,情绪稳定性和掩饰性越高,越不容易出现焦虑情绪,良好的人格特质对情绪有调节作用.     

驾驶员应对方式问卷中文版的初步修订

目的 考察驾驶员应对方式问卷(DCQ)中文版的信度、效度.方法 采用驾驶员应对方式问卷(DCQ)和正负性情绪量表(PANAS),随机对340名汽车驾驶员进行调查.结果 因素分析表明问卷有积极评估应对、对抗性应对、情绪性应对和回避性应对四个因素;各因素与问卷总分相关为0.317～0.813(P＜0.01),各因素相关为0.057～0.294;正性情绪与积极评估及应对呈正相关(r=0.171,P＜0.01),负性情绪与积极评估及应对呈负相关(r=-0.349,P＜0.01),与其他三个消极应对方式则呈正相关(r=0.242～0.262,P＜0.0 1);分半信度为0.734,总问卷和各因素的Cronbach α系数分别为0.807,0.890,0.621,0.571和0.687.结论 驾驶员应对方式问卷有较好的信度和效度,是测试驾驶员应对方式的有效工具.     

大学生自尊、理性分析与社交焦虑的关系

目的 探讨大学生自尊与社交焦虑之间的关系,以及理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑中的中介与调节效应.方法 采用方便取样方法,在北京某大学540名大学生中进行施测,其中女生376人,男生164人,完成自我意识量表一社交焦虑分量表、自尊量表及认知性情绪调节问卷-理性分析分量表.结果 理性分析策略的运用与自尊水平呈显著正相关(r=0.12,P＜0.01),与社交焦虑状况呈显著负相关(r=-0.10,P＜0.05);自尊水平与社交焦虑呈显著负相关(r=-0.35,P＜0.01).理性分析策略在自尊和社交焦虑之间的关系起部分中介作用(AR2 =0.124,P＜0.05)及调节作用(F=30.717,P＜0.01).结论 大学生的自尊水平与其社交焦虑水平显著负相关,理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑的关系起部分中介作用;并且理性分析策略能够增强自尊对社交焦虑的直接影响.     

社会支持在犯罪青少年及情绪障碍青少年依恋模式和应对方式间的中介作用

目的 探讨社会支持的中介作用对犯罪青少年和情绪障碍青少年的依恋模式以及应对方式的影响.方法 采用应对方式问卷、亲密关系问卷和社会支持评定量表,抽取177例犯罪青少年、80例情绪障碍青少年和163例正常青少年进行问卷调查.结果 ①三组在依恋回避、依恋焦虑、客观支持、主观支持、对支持利用度、解决问题、合理化、自责和退避等维度差异显著（F=7.902,8.047,59.009,19.248,5.304,7.596,10.652,6.699,11.009; P＜0.05）.②情绪障碍组依恋回避与对支持利用度、求助呈显著负相关（r=-0.470,-0.350; P＜0.01）;犯罪组依恋回避与主观支持、支持利用度呈显著负相关（r=-0.232,-0.235;P＜0.01）,主观支持与解决问题呈显著正相关（r=0.272,P＜0.01）,支持利用度与解决问题、求助呈显著正相关（r=0.258,0.424;P＜0.01）,依恋焦虑与客观支持呈显著负相关、与自责呈显著正相关（r=-0.253,0.300;P＜0.01）.③情绪障碍组和犯罪组对支持利用度在依恋回避和求助之间都起到完全中介作用;犯罪组主观支持和对支持利用度在依恋回避和解决问题之间均起部分中介作用.结论 犯罪青少年和情绪障碍青少年都具有不安全型依恋特征,在社会支持方面均有欠缺,且都容易采取消极退避的应对方式.两类问题青少年的依恋模式均通过社会支持的中介作用对应对方式产生影响,但影响路径略有差异.     

哮喘患者述情障碍及相关影响因素的研究

目的 探讨哮喘患者述情障碍及其相关因素.方法 采用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-26) , 艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、简明心境问卷-简式(POMS-SF)对52例哮喘患者进行了测查.结果 与常模比较,哮喘患者存有明显的述情障碍(t=2.15～5.29,P＜0.05～0.01).哮喘患者的TAS总分、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ因子与E呈显著负相关(r=-0.372～-0.451,P＜0.01);Ⅲ因子与N呈显著负相关(r=-0.37,P＜0.01);TAS总分、Ⅰ、Ⅱ因子与N呈显著正相关(r=0.312～0.415,P＜0.01);Ⅱ和Ⅳ因子与P呈显著正相关(r=0.531～0.621,P＜0.01).TAS总分、I、Ⅱ及Ⅳ因子与POMS总分、TA、DD、AH、FI、及CB因子呈显著正相关(r=0.449～0.779,P＜0.01),TAS总分、I及Ⅱ因子与VA因子呈负相关(r=-0.418～-0.544,P＜0.05～0.01),Ⅳ因子与VA因子呈负相关(r=-0.320,P＜0.05).结论 哮喘患者普遍存在述情障碍, 且与个性特征及心境状况密切相关.     

医学专业大学新生适应问题与应对方式、人格特征相关研究——以海南医学院医学新生为例

目的:了解医学专业大学新生适应问题的现状,不同医学生在适应问题、应对方式的选择及人格特质层面的差异并分析适应性与应对方式及人格特质的关系。方法:采用大学生适应性量表(CCSAS)、大五人格量表以及应对方式量表对海南医学院322名医学专业大学新生进行测评。比较不同性别学生各量表评分情况,分析各量表间的相关性。结果:男学生校园生活适应、情绪适应评分及适应性总分均高于女学生(P0.05)。不同性别学生各项应对方式评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。男学生情绪稳定性、外向性及宜人性评分低于女学生(P0.05)。外向性、开放性、宜人性和谨慎性与适应性量表各维度均呈正相关(P0.05),情绪稳定性与适应性量表各维度均呈负相关(P0.05)。解决问题和求助与适应性量表各维度均正相关(P0.05),适应性量表各维度和自责、幻想、退避及合理化均呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:医学专业大一新生对大学新生活存在不适应问题,其中男生对新环境的适应性更强,女生情绪稳定性、外向性及宜人性更强。外向性、开放性、宜人性和谨慎性与适应性均呈正相关,情绪稳定性与适应性均呈负相关;解决问题和求助与适应性均正相关,自责、幻想、退避及合理化与适应性均呈负相关。     

大学生主观幸福感、人格及其相关性研究

目的探讨大学生的主观幸福感(SWB)与人格特征的相关关系。方法采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中文版与总体幸福感量表对922名大学生进行问卷调查。结果不同性别、不同年级、不同年龄段和不同学校类型的大学生SWB之间比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);总体幸福感与精神质和神经质呈显著负相关(r1=-0.44,P<0.01;r2=-0.58,P<0.01),与外向性呈显著正相关(r=0.36,P<0.01)。结论外向性、精神质与神经质等人格特征是影响大学生SWB重要因素。     

社会支持在农村留守青少年情绪调节自我效能感和情绪性问题行为关系中的中介效应

目的探讨社会支持在农村留守青少年情绪调节自我效能感和情绪性问题行为关系中的中介效应。方法采用一般人口学问卷、情绪调节自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表和情绪性问题行为问卷对220名农村留守青少年进行调查,采用Pearson相关、结构方程分析情绪调节自我效能感、社会支持、情绪性问题行为间关系及社会支持的中介效应。结果情绪调节自我效能感与情绪性问题行为呈负相关（β=-0.25,P < 0.01）,情绪调节自我效能感与社会支持呈正相关（β=0.60,P < 0.01）,社会支持与情绪性问题行为呈负相关（β=-0.45,P < 0.01）。社会支持在情绪调节自我效能感和情绪性行为问题之间发挥完全中介作用,中介效应值为-0.27。结论社会支持是减少农村留守青少年情绪性行为问题的关键。在实施提高留守青少年情绪调节自我效能感的干预措施时,需要加强情感交流,增强支持感知,以帮助他们减少情绪性问题行为。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.