2013-2015年河北省唐山市丰南区餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果监测分析

目的了解2013-2015年唐山市丰南区餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果,分析餐饮具消毒效果影响因素,为科学监管提供依据。方法按照《食(饮)具消毒卫生标准》(GB 14934-1994)规定的发酵法对采集的唐山市丰南区餐饮业餐饮具1 453份进行大肠菌群指标检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果 2013-2015年唐山市丰南区餐饮具消毒合格率逐年递增,城区餐饮具合格率(80.8%)高于农村(68.3%),大中小型餐馆合格率逐级递减,集中消毒餐饮具合格率(92.4%)高于自行消毒(74.7%),冬春季合格率(79.2%)高于夏秋季(74.4%),不同年份、不同区域、不同餐饮类型、不同消毒模式、不同季节的餐饮具消毒合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=16.262、28.310、27.233、24.706、4.586,P<0.05)。结论唐山市丰南区餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果不容乐观,有关单位应加强餐饮具消毒的监督监测,加大餐饮具消毒设施设备投入,加强从业人员知识培训,规范餐饮具消毒操作规程,提升餐饮具消毒效果。     

2011～2013年伊川县餐饮具消毒监测结果

目的：了解伊川县区餐饮业餐饮具的消毒情况,为卫生部门更加有效地监管餐饮业餐饮具的卫生提供科学依据。方法按照《食（饮）具消毒卫生标准》（GB14934-94）规定的纸片法对9886件餐饮具进行采样并且快速检测大肠菌群的菌落量,根据检测结果,录入数据后使用SPSS19．0对数据进行统计分析。结果2011～2013年度共检测的9886件餐饮具中合格8423件,总合格率85．2％;3个年度餐饮具的消毒合格率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,伊川县餐饮业餐饮具合格率呈逐年上升的趋势。学校餐厅为90.1％,合格率最高;大型餐饮业餐饮具消毒的合格率明显高于中小型餐饮业,不同经营规模单位的餐饮具消毒效果差异有统计学意义。用开水煮沸、蒸汽熏蒸消毒方式的餐饮具消毒合格率较其他种类消毒方式高。结论伊川县整体的餐饮具消毒合格率呈逐年上升,在卫生管理中应当着重加强中小型餐饮单位餐饮具的消毒管理,做好卫生监管工作。     

遵义市汇川区餐饮具卫生监测结果分析

目的 了解掌握汇川区饮食业餐饮具消毒卫生状况。方法 采用专用大肠菌群快速检验纸片进行检测。结果 近5年餐饮具消毒卫生抽检结果总合格率为49.6%，2002年餐饮具检测合格率为43.4%，街头饮食摊点餐饮具检测合格率为32.9%。结论 汇川区餐饮具消毒卫生监测结果合格率较低，街头饮食摊点餐饮具监测合格率最低，必须加强普通饭店、街头饮食摊点的卫生监督和监测，保障餐饮具卫生安全和人民群众身体健康。     

焦作市2009年餐饮业餐具抽检结果分析

目的掌握焦作市餐饮业餐饮具消毒情况,为加强餐饮具消毒卫生管理提供科学依据。方法按国家GBl4934-1994卫生标准,2009年共采集248个大、中、小型餐饮单位的餐饮具,使用大肠菌群快速检测纸片法检测其消毒效果。结果共监测餐饮具样本2580件,合格1828件,合格率为70.85%。小型餐饮单位餐饮具的消毒合格率最低,第三季度抽检的餐饮具消毒合格率最低,学校餐厅与单位食堂的餐饮具消毒效果好于社会餐饮单位。结论加强对中、小型餐厅的监督执法力度,抓住夏季这个重点季节,抓好关键环节,把好餐具消毒卫生关,加强媒体宣传曝光措施,严格控制食物中毒的发生。     

2006年营口市餐饮具消毒效果监测情况分析

目的：了解营口市餐饮业餐饮具消毒卫生状况，加强餐饮具消毒的卫生监督管理，保证餐饮业的公共卫生安全。方法：2006年对营口市530间餐饮业的餐具进行抽样、检验。结果：共抽检餐具3956份，合格率为75．7％。大、中、小型餐厅餐饮具的消毒合格率分别为96．2％、75．3％、52．7％，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；热力消毒的餐饮具合格率（97．2％）高于仅用化学药物冲洗消毒者（62．5％）。结论：重点加强中、小型餐厅餐饮具监督监测工作，并应大力推广热力消毒方法。     

宁夏石嘴山市餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果监测分析

目的了解辖区餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果状况。方法采用大肠菌群快速检验纸片,按《餐（饮）具消毒卫生标准》规定的方法对2006-2009年连续4年辖区1560家餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果进行监测。结果共检测餐饮具10823份,总合格率72.69%,2006-2009年合格率分别为61.13%、70.87%、76.29%、82.59%;大、中、小型餐饮单位合格率分别为86.41%、75.12%、62.01%;冬春季和夏秋季合格率分别为79.37%、67.07%,经分析差异有统计学意义。结论餐饮业餐饮具消毒合格率逐年提高,大型餐饮业好于中小型餐饮业,冬春季明显高于夏秋季。     

石嘴山市2004-2007年餐饮具消毒质量监测结果分析

目的 了解石嘴山市餐饮具消毒卫生质量.方法 大肠菌群纸片法,按国家规定的检测方法进行检测.结果 总体合格率为71.05%,学校食堂与大型餐馆合格率较高,中小型餐馆合格率较低,各类餐饮业单位、各类餐饮具、各年度的合格率差异有非常显著性统计学意义.结论 应加强餐饮业餐饮具消毒监管力度,采取综合措施进一步提高餐饮具消毒卫生质量.     

海南农垦系统1996～2005年餐饮业食具卫生状况调查分析

目的 了解海南农垦地区餐饮业餐具卫生状况。方法 依据GB14934—94标准，使用专用的大肠菌群快速检验纸片进行检测。结果 连续10年抽栓2856份餐具，合格率为44．99％，其中1996年合格率最低为15．18％，其后合格率逐年增高，其差异有极显著性（P〈0．005）。结论 海南农垦地区餐饮业餐具消毒合格率逐年增高，但仍较低，今后继续加强对餐饮业餐具消毒的监督、监测和卫生知识培训。     

洛阳市2010～2012年餐饮业餐饮具消毒效果监测分析

目的：了解洛阳市餐饮单位餐饮具消毒状况,为监管部门制定相应的卫生管理措施提供依据。方法对2010～2012年全市餐饮单位餐饮具进行消毒效果检测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果2010～2012年共检测餐饮具44604件,合格33294件,总合格率为74．64％,合格率呈逐年上升的趋势。不同年度、不同季度检测结果比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。第1、4季度合格率明显高于第2、3季度。不同类型餐饮单位检测结果比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）,学校集体食堂合格率最高,中小型餐饮单位合格率最低。结论洛阳市餐饮业餐饮具卫生状况整体情况较好,建议监管机构应加强对中小型餐饮业和夏秋季节的监督力度,提高餐饮具消毒合格率,从而预防食源性疾病的发生。     

北京市海淀区2013-2017年餐饮业餐饮具卫生状况监测与分析

目的了解北京市海淀区餐饮业餐饮具的卫生状况,为卫生监管提供科学依据。方法 2013-2017年在全区范围内每年随机抽取A、B和C级餐饮单位,用大肠菌群快速纸片检测法随机采样和检测,并对检测结果进行χ2检验。结果 2013-2017年共抽取餐饮单位670户,采集餐饮具样品3 885件,其中2 664件合格,总体合格率68. 6%,呈逐年上升趋势(χ2=281. 16,P <0. 01)。A、B、C级餐饮单位餐饮具合格率差异有统计学意义,分别为90. 6%、73. 9%、54. 9%(χ2=302. 68,P <0. 01)。三级餐饮单位餐饮具合格率均呈逐年上升趋势(A级:χ2=31. 89,P <0. 01;B级:χ2=91. 95,P <0. 01; C级:χ2=175. 34,P <0. 01)。结论北京市海淀区餐饮业餐饮具的卫生状况逐年改善,应重点加强B、C级餐饮单位的监督管理。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…