血清瘦素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的:探讨血清瘦素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法:用放射免疫法检测冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者101例(男59例,女42例)及与其年龄,性别及体质指数相匹配的健康体检者96例(男50例,女46例)的血清瘦素水平。用改良的Gensini评分系统对冠状动脉病变程度进行评分。结果:冠心病组无论男女,血清瘦素水平均显著高于对照组[(8.43±4.29)∶(4.34±2.15)μg/L、(15.87±8.07)∶(8.36±3.81)μg/L](P<0.01)。随着冠状动脉病变程度的加重,冠心病患者血清瘦素水平逐渐升高。Gensini积分为11的患者与积分为5的患者之间血清瘦素水平差异有统计学意义[(12.90±0.92)∶(8.44±0.57)μg/L,P<0.05]。结论:冠心病患者的血清瘦素水平明显高于健康者,并随着冠脉病变程度的增加而升高。     

冠心病患者瘦素含量与一氧化氮水平的相关性研究

目的研究冠心病患者血清瘦素(Lep)和一氧化氮(NO)的相关性。方法选择92例冠心病患者和60例正常人,分别测量血压(BP),检测血清Lep、NO、血糖(BS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)。结果冠心病患者血清Lep含量[(14.67±6.02)ng/ml]明显高于对照组(P<0.01),血清NO含量[(49.84±8.97)μmol/L]低于对照组(P<0.01)。冠心病患者血清Lep和NO呈负相关("=-0.437,P<0.01)。结论冠心病患者血清Lep含量较正常人明显增高,而血清NO含量低于正常人。冠心病患者血清Lep和NO呈负相关。     

冠状动脉粥样硬化患者血浆瘦素、脂联素的水平变化及意义

目的探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化患者血浆瘦素、脂联素水平及其与动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法选择242例冠状动脉粥样硬化患者,按冠脉造影结果分为对照组（冠脉狭窄〈50%）107例、冠心病（CHD）组135例,分别检测两组患者血浆瘦素、脂联素水平,并分析其与动脉粥样硬化的关系。结果 CHD组血浆脂联素水平[（4.81±0.96）mg/L]显著低于对照组[（6.04±0.98）mg/L]（P〈0.01）;血浆瘦素水平[（1.71±0.36）μg/L]显著高于对照组[（1.32±0.31）μg/L]（P〈0.01）。Pearson相关分析显示,血浆瘦素与脂联素水平呈显著负相关（r=-0.672,P〈0.01）,且随着Gensini积分增高,血浆瘦素水平逐渐增高,而脂联素水平逐渐下降（P〈0.01）。结论冠状动脉粥样硬化患者冠脉病变程度与血浆瘦素和脂联素水平均有相关性;血浆瘦素与脂联素水平存在相互抑制调节的关系。     

瘦素水平与冠状动脉Gensini积分及肥胖的关系

目的探讨冠心病患者血浆瘦素水平与冠状动脉病变程度及体质指数的关系。方法拟诊冠心病患者93例,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为对照组20例和冠状动脉粥样硬化组73例,计算各组患者的Gensini积分、体质指数,检测血浆瘦素水平,并分析瘦素水平与Gensini积分、体质指数之间的关系。结果血浆瘦素水平随Gensini积分增加而升高(P<0.05);根据Gensini积分分为1～30分组、31～90分组及>90分组,瘦素水平分别为0.61±0.15μg/L、0.77±0.13μg/L及0.93±0.13μg/L;冠状动脉粥样硬化患者血浆瘦素水平与Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.643,P<0.01)。随体质指数的增加瘦素水平逐渐升高(P<0.05),体重正常组、超重组、肥胖组瘦素水平分别为0.59±0.17μg/L、0.75±0.16μg/L、0.89±0.11μg/L。结论冠心病患者血浆瘦素水平与冠状动脉病变程度以及肥胖显著相关,推测瘦素可能参与动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。     

卡托普利与缓释硝苯地平对高血压患者血清瘦素的影响

目的 探讨卡托普利与缓释硝苯地平治疗对原发性高血压(EH)患者血清瘦素、胰岛素的影响及其差异.方法 入选轻中度高血压患者44例(男24例,女20例),配对健康体检者22人(男12人,女10人),研究分为3组:正常对照组(C),卡托普利组(Ca)和硝苯地平组(Ni),每组各22例(男12例,女10例).卡托普利起始用12.5 mg,缓释硝苯地平10 mg,2次/d,治疗2周血压未降至正常者,分别逐渐加至50 mg和20 mg,2次/d,治疗12周.观察体质量指数(BMI)、血压,空腹抽血测定血清瘦素、胰岛素、三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇、血糖.12周后治疗组重复血压、BMI、瘦素、胰岛素、血糖测定.结果 Ca和Ni两组除血压高于C组外,BMI、血糖、TG、胆固醇与C组无明显差异,高血压两组间上述参数相似.但Ca和Ni两组的血清瘦素[Ca(6.1±2.5)和Ni(6.4±3.1)vs C(5.0±1.4)μg/L,P＜0.05)和胰岛素[Ca(9.1±5.5)和Ni(9.1±6.3)VS C(6.2±2.4)mIU/L,P＜0.05)]均明显高于C组.Ca组治疗后血清瘦素明显降低[(6.1±2.5)vs(5.3±1.2)μg/L,P＜0.05)],而Ni组无明显变化[(6.4±3.1)vs(6.5±2.5)μg/L].结论 高血压患者血清瘦素水平高于正常人,卡托普利治疗可降低瘦素水平,而硝苯地平则无明显影响.     

冠心病患者血清瘦素及可溶性瘦素受体检测分析

目的:研究血清瘦素(Lp)及可溶性瘦素受体(sLR)水平与冠心病的关系。方法:应用放射免疫分析法(RIA)及酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)检测34例冠心病患者及其36例对照者血清Lp、sLR、空腹血糖(FBG)、TC、TG、HDL、LDL、胰岛素(INS)、稳态模型(HOMA)评估胰岛素抵抗(IR)(HOMA-IR)、体质指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围、腰臀比(WHR)等临床指标,分析Lp、sLR与血脂、IR及冠心病的关系。结果:冠心病组Lp、INS及HOMA-IR水平明显高于对照组,sLR水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。Lp与BMI、腰围、臀围、INS、HOMA-IR、TC、TG呈正相关,与sLR呈负相关;sLR与Lp、BMI、腰围、臀围呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:Lp及sLR异常与肥胖、血脂异常、IR密切相关,共同参与冠心病的发生发展。     

红斑狼疮患者瘦素及可溶性瘦素受体检测的临床意义

目的探讨血清瘦素（Lp）和可溶性瘦素受体（sLR）与不同临床分型的红斑狼疮（LE）及系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）病情活动程度的关系。方法于2004年6月至2005年12月对中国医科大学附属第二医院和中国医科大学附属第一医院的39例LE患者，同年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）均相匹配的31名健康人对照，采用放射免疫法和酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测血清Lp和sLR水平。结果（1）与正常对照相比较，LE患者血清Lp水平增高和sLR水平下降，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），活动期SLE患者血清Lp水平增高和sLR水平下降尤为显著；但非活动期SLE、亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮（SCLE）和盘状红斑狼疮（DLE）患者血清Lp和sLR水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）Lp与BMI呈正相关，与sLR呈负相关；SLE患者的病情活动程度与血清Lp水平呈正相关，与sLR水平呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论Lp和sLR水平异常可能与LE的发病密切相关     

血浆瘦素水平与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度及预后的相关性分析

目的观察接受冠状动脉造影患者的血浆瘦素水平,探讨评价其与冠心病、冠状动脉病变程度及患者临床预后的关系。方法入选住院接受冠状动脉造影的患者116例,男性79例,女性37例,年龄33～82岁,平均(62±11)岁,测定空腹血糖、C反应蛋白、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、纤维蛋白原及血肌酐水平,并立即测定瘦素水平。在冠状动脉造影术后1.5年,对冠心病患者进行门诊或电话随访。所有患者均签署知情同意书。分析瘦素水平与冠心病患者临床预后的关系。结果 116例患者的瘦素水平三分位统计分析后分为低水平组39例(1.032～2.060μg/L)、中水平组39例(2.061～5.299μg/L)、高水平组38例(5.300～40.706μg/L)。相关分析显示冠状动脉病变Gensini积分与血浆瘦素水平呈显著正相关(r=0.23,P=0.012)。80例冠心病患者完成了平均2年的随访,在低、中、高水平瘦素组中,主要不良心脏事件的发生率分别为10.0%、45.8%、65.4%,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.01),并且这种升高的趋势同样具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论瘦素水平与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度及不良心脏事件的发生相关。     

瘦素抵抗与男性非酒精性脂肪肝的关系

研究瘦素抵抗和男性非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver,NAFL)的关系。我们用放射免疫法检测52例NAFL患者和45例正常对照者血清中的瘦素水平,分析血清瘦素与男性NAFL患者以及与HOMA-IR(以HOMA模型计算胰岛素抵抗指数)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)等指标的关系。NAFL患者血清中的瘦素水平(6.75±1.32μg/ml)显著高于正常对照组(3.21±0.95μg/ml),P<0.01,且肥胖的NAFL患者血清中的瘦素水平(7.95±0.85ng/ml)显著高于非肥胖NAFL患者的瘦素水平(6.11±1.21μg/ml),P<0.01。NAFL患者血清中的FINS、HOMA-IR和TG水平均高于正常对照组,且NAFL患者血清瘦素水平与HOMA-IR呈负相关(r=0.521,P<0.05),与BMI呈正相关(r=0.718,P<0.00),与TG呈正相关(r=0.425,P<0.01)。男性NAFL患者存在着明显的瘦素抵抗,提示瘦素抵抗在NAFL的发病机制中具有十分重要的作用。     

老年慢性心力衰竭患者血清瘦素水平变化及其与血压的关系

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清瘦素水平变化及其与血压的关系。方法观察慢性心力衰竭患者35例及健康对照组30例血清瘦素、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及血压水平,分析瘦素水平与血压及LVEF之间的关系。结果CHF组与对照组比较,血清瘦素水平分别为(11.4±5.8)、(7.3±3.1)μg/L,收缩压分别为(142.1±19.7)(、127.0±17.6)mm Hg,舒张压分别为(85.0±12.9)、(78.4±9.7)mmHg,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05和P<0.01)。CHF患者按LVEF程度分为2组,LVEF<30%组瘦素水平为(12.4±7.8)μg/L,30%~40%组瘦素水平为(10.8±1.8)μg/L,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明LVEF水平越低,瘦素水平越高。多元回归分析显示,CHF患者血清瘦素水平分别与体质指数(r=0.910,P<0.01)、收缩压(r=0.859,P<0.01)、舒张压(r=0.680,P<0.05)呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.729,P<0.01)。结论老年CHF患者血清瘦素水平较健康对照组高,并与LVEF程度呈负相关;CHF患者血压明显高于健康对照组,且瘦素水平与血压呈正相关,提示血清瘦素水平与高血压之间存在密切联系,共同促进CHF发展。     

Serum leptin is elevated in Saudi Arabian patients with metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease.

AIMS: To compare plasma leptin in Saudi subjects with Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) with non-diabetic control subjects and to examine the relationship of plasma leptin to other CHD risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD: Serum leptin concentrations were measured in 144 Saudi men. Subjects studied included 59 with Type 2 diabetes mellitus [BMI 27.5 (3.7) kg/m2 mean (sd)], 34 with coronary heart disease [BMI 29.6 (1.8) kg/m2], and 51 non-diabetic controls [BMI 28.0 (3.5) kg/m2]. There was no significant difference in BMI between the groups. Fasting serum leptin, lipids, insulin, apolipoproteins and glucose were measured. BMI, blood pressure; smoking habit and age were also recorded. Insulin resistance was assessed using the HOMA model. RESULTS: Leptin concentrations were significantly higher in diabetic and CHD patients than in controls (P = 0.024 and 0.016, respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed that body weight (P < 0.0006), serum triglyceride concentration (P = 0.046) and systolic blood pressure (P = 0.013) were all significantly related to the logarithm of the serum leptin concentration (R2 = 0.549) in CHD patients. A subgroup analysis, comparing those patients who had the metabolic syndrome, as defined by WHO, with controls, showed higher serum leptin in those with metabolic syndrome (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Serum leptin is increased in Saudi subjects with diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and CHD. Leptin may be a marker of risk of CHD, at least in men, and contribute to the CHD risk profile in subjects with insulin resistance. Further studies are needed to evaluate this relationship prospectively.     

瘦素与冠心病发病关系研究进展

自瘦素发现以来,人们对体内脂肪组织进行了大量的基础及临床研究,血清瘦素与冠心病的关系也受到广泛关注。大多数人的研究都支持高血清瘦素与冠心病的发生有密切关系,瘦素可通过多种途径参与,影响冠心病的发生和发展。现就瘦素与冠心病的发病关系作一综述。     

血清瘦素与老年冠心病患者及其危险因素的关系

目的研究血清瘦素(LEP)与老年冠心病患者的关系。方法检测45例老年冠心病患者(冠心病组)和47例健康对照者(对照组)的空腹LEP、瘦素受体(LEPR)、空腹血糖(FBG)以及血脂、身高、体重、C反应蛋白(CRP)等指标,其中LEPR、LEP用酶联免疫检测法。分析LEP、LEPR、CRP及血脂与冠心病的关系。结果冠心病组LEP、CRP、血压明显高于对照组,而LEPR水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01.)。LEP与腰臀比值、甘油三酯、胆固醇、舒张压、收缩压、CRP呈正相关,与LEPR、高密度脂蛋白呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论LEP水平升高可能与冠心病的发病密切相关。     

Plasma leptin concentration in patients with Type 2 diabetes: relationship to cardiovascular disease risk factors and insulin resistance.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of obesity, leptin, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein (CRP) with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with CHD compared with those with Type 2 DM without CHD. METHODS: Leptin, CRP (high sensitivity assay), fasting plasma insulin, glucose, HbA(1c) and full lipid profile were determined in 58 Type 2 diabetic patients with CHD and 87 Type 2 DM patients without CHD. RESULTS: were compared between those with and without CHD. Univariate correlation as well as logistic regression analyses were used to relate these markers with traditional CHD risk factors. RESULTS: Leptin showed significant correlations with BMI (r = 0.59; P < or = 0.0001), waist circumference (r = 0.45; P < 0.0001), CRP (r = 0.36; P < 0.0001), and fasting insulin (r = 0.53; P < 0.0001) as well as with systolic (r = 0.23; P = 0.007) and diastolic (r = 0.23; P = 0.007) blood pressure. However, when those with and without CHD were compared only age (P < 0.0001), duration of diabetes (P < 0.001) and degree of microalbuminuria (P = 0.02) were significantly higher in patients with CHD. Leptin (P = 0.49), CRP (P = 0.19) and lipid parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms a relationship between leptin and CRP with CHD risk factors. The lack of significant difference when patients with and without CHD are compared may be due to the potential confounding effects of treatment with aspirin and statins.     

血清瘦素、脂联素与冠心病病变程度的相关性研究

目的探讨血清瘦素、脂联素(APN)水平与冠心病(CHD)病变程度的相关性。方法应用ELISA法对稳定型心绞痛(SA)组(21例)、不稳定型心绞痛(UA)组(23例)、急性心肌梗死(AMI)组(24例)和正常对照(CO)组(20例)进行血清瘦素、脂联素水平检测,并进行统计学分析。结果血清瘦素水平冠心病各组明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),UA组及AMI组高于SA组(P<0.05),AMI组高于UA组(P<0.05),血清瘦素水平与冠心病病变程度呈正相关(r=0.60,P<0.05);血清APN水平UA组及AMI组明显低于SAP组和对照组(P<0.05),冠心病各组与正常对照组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),AMI组与UA组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),脂联素与冠心病病变程度呈负相关(r=-0.59,P<0.05)。结论血清瘦素、脂联素与冠心病发病密切相关,冠心病患者血清瘦素水平升高,血清瘦素水平与冠心病病变程度呈正相关。冠心病患者血清APN水平下降,血清脂联素与冠心病病变程度呈负相关。     

Serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM： To determine the role of leptin system in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） development by delineating the changes in serum levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptor （sOB-R）.
METHODS： Blood samples were collected from 30 consecutive patients with liver-biopsy-proven NAFLD and 30 patients with cholecystolithiasis （stationary phase） as controls. Serum leptin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and concentration of sOB-R was measured by ELISA. Body mass index （BMI） was calculated for all subjects, and serum insulin, C-peptide, and lipoprotein levels were also detected.
RESULTS： Mean serum leptin level and BMI in the NAFLD group were significantly higher than in the controls （both P 〈 0.001）, but mean sOB-R level was lower in the NAFLD group when compared to the controls. Both men and women in the NAFLD group had higher mean serum leptin levels and lower sOB-R levels than did the men and women in the control group （all P 〈 0.001）. There was a significant negative correlation between serum leptin and sOB-R levels （r = -0.725, P 〈 0.001）. Multivariate analysis showed that the percentage of hepatocyte steatosis, sex, BMI, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA IR） were independently related to serum leptin levels.
CONCLUSION： Elevated serum leptin seems to be afeature of steatosis, and serum leptin seems to increase as hepatocyte steatosis develops. An enhanced release of leptin is accompanied by an decrease in sOB-R concentration, which suggests higher resistance of peripheral tissues towards the action of leptin.     

Soluble leptin receptor and insulin resistance as determinant of sleep apnea

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible associations between sleep apnea syndrome, hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia in subjects with different degrees of body mass index. DESIGN: To test for the presence or absence of sleep apnea syndrome in association with hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia. SUBJECTS: Twenty subjects with different body mass index (mean BMI 30.9+/-4.2). MEASUREMENTS: Insulin action and plasma soluble leptin receptor were measured by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp and by ELISA method, respectively. Occurrence of sleep apnea syndrome was assessed by clinical and nocturnal monitoring using a validated sleep apnea recorder. RESULTS: The apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was positively correlated with plasma soluble leptin receptor (0.76; P<0.001) and negatively with the degree of insulin-mediated glucose uptake (r=-0.73; P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis AHI was associated with plasma soluble leptin receptor and insulin mediated glucose uptake independently of age, gender, BMI, plasma leptin levels and PaCO(2). CONCLUSION: Sleep apnea syndrome is associated with plasma soluble leptin receptor and insulin resistance independently of BMI.     

2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素及可溶性瘦素受体检测分析

对60例2例型糖尿病（T2DM）患者和46例正常对照的研究显示，T2DM患者血清瘦素水平高于正常对照组，可溶性瘦素受体水平低于对照组。     

Elevated serum levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptor in patients with advanced chronic heart failure

Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have metabolic abnormalities, leading to a catabolic syndrome, with progressive loss of skeletal muscle in advanced stages of the disease. Leptin, the product of an obesity gene, has been associated with energy expenditure and weight regulation. The aim of this study was to assess serum levels of leptin and its soluble receptor in relation to exercise intolerance and neurohumoral activation in patients with CHF. We investigated 53 patients with CHF left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 25+/-1%, age 56.6+/-1.3 years, Maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2) max) 16.3+/-0.6 ml/min.kg) sub-classified according to peak oxygen consumption of > or 14 ml/min.kg and controls). Elevated levels of leptin correlated with an increased serum concentration of TNFalpha (r=0.749, P<0.01) in this subgroup of patients with CHF. We conclude that patients with advanced CHF show elevated serum levels of leptin and its soluble receptor. This finding indicates that leptin may participate in the catabolic state leading to the development of cardiac cachexia in the course of CHF.