Evaluation of oxidative stress and enzymatic antioxidants in medium physical training of moderate arterial hypertension

A group of patients with moderate hypertension (149-150/90-99 mmHg) performed physical exercise for 3 months; we determined the oxidative stress in blood samples, by calculating the level of some antioxidative markers, the enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx, MDA and comparing the results with the values obtained from a group of healthy subjects. We found an increased oxidative stress at the hypertensive patients, with initial higher values of SOD and MDA and with lower values of CAT and GPx, compared to the normal subjects. After the 3 months of physical training, the oxidative stress improved, with decreasing activity of SOD, GPx, MDA and increasing CAT, maintaining the ratio CAT/SOD and GPx/SOD superior compared to normal subjects. The clinical study proved that after 3 months of physical exercise, there wasn't any increased oxidative stress at the hypertensive patients; however, the oxidative stress is present, proved by the values of MDA, significantly higher compared to the normal subjects.     

Carotid artery intima-media thickness correlates with oxidative stress in chronic haemodialysis patients with accelerated atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Accelerated atherosclerosis is the major cause of mortality in patients on chronic haemodialysis (HD). Increased oxidative stress might be the major factor leading to high cardiovascular mortality rate in HD patients. The aim of our study was to clarify effects of uraemia and dialysis on oxidative stress parameters and explore the relation between oxidative stress markers and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of atherosclerosis. METHODS: Twenty chronic HD patients, 20 predialytic uraemic patients and 20 healthy subjects were included in the study. Serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl content (PCO) and nitrite/nitrate levels were determined as oxidative stress markers. Serum vitamin E, plasma sulfhydryl (P-SH), erythrocyte glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured as antioxidants. CIMT was assessed by carotid artery ultrasonography. RESULTS: Both chronic HD and predialytic uraemic patients had enhanced oxidative stress indicated by higher levels of nitrite/nitrate, TBARS and PCO, and lower levels of P-SH, SOD, CAT and GPx compared to controls. HD patients had significantly higher CIMT and nitrite/nitrate while significantly lower P-SH,vitamin E, SOD, CAT and GPx compared to predialytic uraemic patients. There was a significant positive correlation between CIMT and TBARS (r = 0.38, P = 0.003) and nitrite/nitrate levels (r = 0.41, P = 0.001), while there was a significant negative correlation between CIMT and SOD (r = -0.35, P = 0.01), CAT (r = -0.65, P < 0.001) and P-SH levels (r = -0.50, P < 0.001). A linear regression analysis showed that TBARS were still significantly and positively correlated with CIMT (P = 0.001), while CAT and P-SH were significantly and negatively correlated with CIMT (P = 0.002 and P = 0.048, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: HD exacerbates oxidative stress and disturbances in antioxidant enzymes in uraemic patients. We propose that serum TBARS and nitrite/nitrate can be used as positive determinants, while erythrocyte SOD, CAT and P-SH may be used as negative determinants of atherosclerosis assessed by CIMT in uraemic and HD patients.     

Adaptation of glutathion-peroxidase activity to oxidative stress occurs in children but not in adult patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) products formed after reaction of free radicals with membrane lipids are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Also in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) LPO was shown to be accelerated and concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants were measured lower than in control subjects. However, up to now only limited knowledge about the role of antioxidant enzymes was available. Whether or not activity of those antioxidants might be induced due to oxidative stress in ESRD patients is not known. To answer the question the activity of 3 enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathion peroxidase (GPx), was measured in red blood cells of the ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis (2 groups: children and adults) and matching controls. LPO in these subjects was determined by measurement of the LPO product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in blood plasma. Plasma HNE was significantly increased by factor 3 in both patient groups children and adults compared to the control groups. The activity of the enzymatic antioxidants was measured differently. While SOD was significantly lower in patients (children and adults) than in the matching controls this was not the case for catalase and GPx. While GPx activity in adult patients was comparable to that in the control groups (childrens and adults), the GPx in children with ESRD was almost twice as high than in the other groups. Since children were shown to have higher levels of glutathion, activated GPx might be a sign of adaptation of these children to the increased rate of oxidation.     

Oxidative stress status and sperm DNA fragmentation in fertile and infertile men

Evidence suggests that disturbing the balance between reactive oxygen species levels and antioxidant contents in seminal plasma leads to oxidative stress resulting in male infertility. This study was carried out to identifying clinical significance of seminal oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation in treatment strategies of male infertility in southwest Iran. Sperm parameters, lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in fertile (n = 105) and infertile (n = 112) men. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in seminal plasma were found to be higher significantly (p < .001) in patients. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in seminal plasma were significantly (p < .001) lower in infertile men. Significant negative correlations were observed between MDA levels and sperm motility and normal morphology. Spermatozoa with fragmented DNA were higher (p < .001) in infertile men and significantly correlated with MDA levels and SOD and GPx activities. MDA of 4.2 nmol/ml, SOD of 4.89 U/ml and GPx of 329.6 mU/ml were optimum cut‐off limits to discriminate infertile patients from fertile men. The results show the leading role of oxidative stress in aetiology of male infertility in southwest Iran and indicate that evaluation of seminal antioxidant status and DNA integrity can be helpful in men attending infertility clinics during fertility assessment.     

Antioxidant and oxidative stress status in type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot ulcer

OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the aetiology and progression of diabetic complications including diabetic foot ulcer. In this study, the levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as well as the enzymatic antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulcer subjects were assessed and compared with apparently healthy normal subjects to understand the involvement of OS in the subjects. METHOD: The above-mentioned OS markers were measured in 50 subjects for each of the following groups: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic foot ulcer (DF) and non-diabetic control (NC). RESULTS: Significant elevated values of LPO (39.86%) and 8-OHdG (45.53%) were found in DM subjects compared with the NC subjects. This increase in both parameters was greater for DF subjects: 80.23% and 53.91% respectively. SOD activities were significantly reduced in DM (14.82%) and DF (4.09%) subjects in contrast with elevated activities of GPx observed in DM (21.87%) and DF (20.94%) subjects. Glycated haemoglobin/fasting plasma glucose (HbA1c/FPG) correlated positively with LPO, 8-OHdG and GPx, whereas a negative correlation was observed for SOD. CONCLUSION: Increased oxidation subsequent to diabetic conditions induces an over-expression of GPx activity suggesting a compensatory mechanism by the body to prevent further tissue damage in the subjects.     

Evaluation of oxidative stress after repeated intravenous iron supplementation

Parenteral iron has been recommended for the treatment of iron deficiency in the majority of maintenance hemodialyzed (HD) patients. However, iron supplementation and consequent over saturation of transferrin and high iron levels, may aggravate oxidative stress already present in these patients. This study aimed to further clarify the role of repeated intravenous iron therapy as a supplementary cause of oxidative stress in HD patients. Markers of free radical activities (carbonyl reactive derivatives, CRD, thiol groups, SH, malondialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPX) were determined in plasma and red blood cells (RBC) of 19 hemodialysis patients given a total iron dose of 625 mg (ferrogluconat, Ferrlecit, 62.5 mg). Blood samples were taken before the first and after the last dose of iron. Twenty apparently normal subjects served as healthy controls. Before iron treatment, HD patients exhibited increased concentrations of MDA and CRD in plasma and red blood cells, accompanied with impaired antioxidant capacity. All patients responded to iron therapy with a significant increase in their serum ferritin, serum iron, hemoglobin, and red blood cells levels. However, iron treatment resulted in enhanced oxidative stress in plasma of HD patients, since significant increase in plasma MDA and CRD concentrations, together with a decrease in nonprotein SH groups levels were detected. Supplementation with iron did not significantly influence plasma SOD and GPX activities, nor did any of the red blood cell parameters tested. Our data show that, despite improvement in hematological parameters, an increase in iron stores due to supplementation could also contribute to increased free radical production in HD patients.     

Seminal plasma reactive oxygen species-antioxidants relationship with varicocele grade

This work aimed to assess seminal plasma reactive oxygen species (ROS)-antioxidants relationship with varicocele grade in infertile men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). The study included 89 infertile OAT men with varicocele divided into grade I (n = 22) and grade II (n = 43), grade III (n = 24) and compared with 20 healthy fertile controls. In their seminal plasma, two ROS parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], hydrogen peroxide [H(2) O(2) ]) and four antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [Cat], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], vit.C) were estimated. There was significant increase in seminal MDA, H(2) O(2) and significant decrease in seminal SOD, Cat, GPx, vit.C in varicocele-associated OAT cases when compared with the controls. Compared with grade I cases, varicocele cases with grades II, III demonstrated significant increase in estimated seminal MDA, H(2) O(2) and significant decrease in seminal SOD, Cat, GPx, vit.C. It is concluded that seminal oxidative stress (OS) is related to increased varicocele grade in infertile OAT men associated with varicocele.     

The association of oxidant–antioxidant status in patients with chronic renal failure

Oxidative stress has been linked to disease progression, including chronic renal failure (CRF). The aim of the present study was to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) as a sign of lipid peroxidation, and to investigate the association between antioxidant activities and three trace elements, in 49 patients with CRF. The erythrocyte and plasma trace elements [selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)] and antioxidant defense levels were determined: glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), vitamins E and C. The obtained values were compared with 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. There were significantly lower mean values of plasma Se, GPx, vitamins E and C, erythrocyte Se, SOD and CAT levels in the patient group compared to the control group (p?相似文献   

膀胱癌患者手术前后机体氧化应激改变及意义

目的探讨膀胱癌患者手术前后机体氧化应激变化及临床意义。方法 173例膀胱癌患者入选研究,其中移行上皮癌163例,腺癌5例,鳞癌4例,肉瘤1例;非肌层浸润性膀胱癌121例,肌层浸润性膀胱癌52例。分别检测手术前后患者血清VitC、VitE、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化活性（AOA）等。结果非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者血清VitC、VitE、SOD、GPx均明显低于肌层浸润性膀胱癌,P〈0.05,MDA含量高于肌层浸润性膀胱癌,P〈0.05。手术后患者血清VitC、VitE、SOD、GPx、AOA均明显高于手术前（P〈0.05）,但MDA含量明显低于手术前（P〈0.05）。结论膀胱癌患者机体氧化应激随其恶性程度升高而升高,手术治疗后机体氧化应激水平降低。     

Oxidative status and prevalent cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are exposed to oxidative stress which contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxidative and antioxidative status in HD patients with (CVD+, n = 38) and without (CVD-, n = 67) prevalent CVD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 105 HD patients and 21 healthy controls were assessed for lipid peroxidation indices (plasma malondialdehyde (MDA)), oxidizability of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins (apo B-deltaMDA) and red blood cells (RBC-MDA) together with various components of the antioxidant system in plasma (paraoxonase/arylesterase activities, total carotenoids, vitamins C and E) and RBC (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities). RESULTS: Plasma MDA and RBC-MDA were significantly higher, vitamin C and total carotenoid levels were significantly lower in both CVD+ and CVD- HD groups than in the control group. Plasma MDA levels were significantly higher and serum paraoxonase activity, uric acid and albumin levels were significantly lower in patients with CVD+ HD patients compared to those of the CVD- patients. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the elevated level of plasma MDA and the lower activity of paraoxonase could contribute to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients.     

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in children on maintenance dialysis

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with numerous complications, which may partly result from excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species and/or decreased antioxidant activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate lipid peroxidation (LP) in plasma and erythrocytes, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px), and concentrations of Cu and Zn as cofactors of SOD and Se as a cofactor of GSH-Px in erythrocytes, plasma and in dialysis fluid in children with ESRD. In particular, we analyzed whether the modality of dialysis could modify oxidative stress parameters in children. To determine the influence of hemodialysis (HD) on oxidative stress, the measurements were also performed on HD children 20 min after the beginning of the dialysis session. Thirty-one patients participated in the study: group I with 10 children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and group II with 21 on HD. The erythrocyte malondialdehyde concentrations (E-MDA), plasma MDA (P-MDA) and plasma organic hydroperoxide (OHP) in children from both groups were higher than in controls. E-MDA and P-MDA in HD before the session was lower compared to the values after 20 min of HD session (time T²⁰). The activity of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, concentrations of erythrocyte and plasma Se, Cu, Zn were lower in children with ESRD than in controls. In the HD group, the activity of GSH-Px, CAT, and levels of trace elements in erythrocytes and in plasma were diminished at time T²⁰. In conclusion, increased oxidative stress occurs in children on maintenance dialysis, independent of dialysis modality. The activity of the enzymatic antioxidant defence system is highly reduced in red blood cells of pediatric dialysis patients. Children with ESRD exhibit lower trace element (Se, Cu, Zn) levels in plasma and erythrocytes as compared to healthy subjects. Oxidative stress is aggravated during every single HD session in children.     

Oxidative Stress in Children with Acute Glomerulonephritis

Background. Oxidative stress has not been adequately investigated in acute glomerulonephritis (AGN); therefore, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress (OS) status in children with AGN both at acute and remission stages. Patients and methods. Seventeen children (mean ± SEM, age 9.0 ± 0.5 years) with AGN and 17 healthy controls were included. In addition to routine laboratory investigations, two blood samples were obtained from patients, at admission and after 6–10 weeks, to measure erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Results. Significantly elevated MDA levels (5.11 ± 0.28 vs. 3.15 ± 0.25 nmol/mL; p < 0.001) were found in acute stage of AGN compared with the controls; however there was no significant difference in SOD activities (3732 ± 193 vs. 4035 ± 142 U/gHb; p > 0.05) between acute stage-AGN and control subjects. Significantly elevated SOD activities (3985 ± 195 U/gHb, p?=?0.034) and decreased MDA levels (4.01 ± 0.38 nmol/mL, p?=?0.001) were found at remission stage when compared with the acute stage. MDA levels and SOD activities of remission phase were similar to those of controls (p > 0.05). A significantly positive correlation was found between MDA levels and SOD activities in remission period (r?=?0.654, p?=?0.004). Patients with and without impaired renal functions had similar MDA levels and SOD activities (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between glomerular filtration rates (GFR) and MDA levels (p > 0.05) and between GFR and SOD (p > 0.05) activities in acute stage-AGN. Conclusions. Oxidative stress may play important role in the pathogenesis of AGN and not be correlated with renal functions. Further research is needed to determine magnitude of OS and indications for antioxidants in other glomerulopathies.     

The impact of orthopedic device associated with carbonated hydroxyapatite on the oxidative balance: experimental study of bone healing rabbit model

Orthopedic devices are used in pathologic disorder as an adjunct to bone grafts to provide immediate structural stability. Unfortunately, the use of metallic devices has some complications. This study aimed to characterize the oxidative stress biomarker and the antioxidant enzyme profiles during bone regeneration. New Zealand White rabbits were divided into 4 groups: Group (I) was used as control (T), Groups II, III, and IV were used, respectively, as implanted tissue with carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), carbonated hydroxyapatite associated with external fixator (CHA + EF), and presenting empty defects (ED). Grafted bone tissues were carefully removed to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase activities (GPx). Our results showed that 4 weeks after operation, treatment of rabbits with CHA + EF showed a significantly higher malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration when compared to that of control group. The SOD, CAT, and GPx in CHA + EF group showed significantly lower activities when compared to those in control group. Eight weeks after surgery, the CHA + EF group presented a lower concentration of MDA as compared to those seen after the first 4 weeks after surgery. On the other hand, the SOD, CAT, and GPx showed a higher activity when compared with the same group. Consequently, MDA concentration and the antioxidant enzyme activities were not significant (p > 0.05) when compared to those in control group rabbits. Histologic sampling has demonstrated successful time-patterned resorption accompanied by bone replacement and remodeling. These results suggest that there was a temporary increase in the oxidative marker level in CHA + EF healing bone and the 8-week period was sufficient to re-establish oxidant–antioxidant balance accompanied by bone repair in the tibia rabbit model.     

Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzymes in CAPD Patients

The mechanisms of free-radical injury include reactions with proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides; and covalent binding to membrane components and initiation of lipid peroxidation. Cells have developed antioxidant defense to prevent free-radical injury including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Significantly higher concentrations of total malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma (1.22 ± 0.42 vs. 0.64 ± 0.22 μimol/L, p < 0.0001) as well as erythrocytes (2.56 ± 1.28 vs. 1.03 ± 0.44 μmol/L, p < 0.0001) of the CAPD patients were found when compared to the control group. The free MDA in plasma and the erythrocytes do not differ significantly in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and the control group. A significantly lower activity of GPx in erythrocytes of CAPD patients (17.85 ± 2.63 U/g Hb vs. 23.26 ± 3.61 U/g Hb, p < 0.0001) was found when compdred to the control group, but the SOD activity in erythrocytes is not different (2272.36 ± 579.92 U/g Hb vs. 2347.13 ± 502.51 U/g Hg, NS). Our results show an increase of total MDA in erythrocytes and plasma. MDA is the product of lipid peroxidation with decreasing activity of GPx, which is capable of detoxifying peroxides. The activity of SOD did not change in CAPD patients. These results propose a possible role of free radicals with reduced antioxidant activity of GPx in CAPD patients and indicate that they could play some role in other pathological conditions such as atherogenesis and hemolysis.     

Reactive oxygen species in experimental ischemic flow-through venous flaps and effects of antioxidants on reactive oxygen species and flap survival

We made an experimental study on rabbit ears using an ischemic flow-through venous flap model to determine the changes in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in venous flaps and effects of exogenous antioxidants on endogenous antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ROS indicator malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels and on flap survival. Mean SOD level significantly decreased and the MDA level significantly increased after the flap elevation according to basal levels of untreated flaps. The mean flap survival rates in the exogenous SOD or glutathione (GSH)-treated groups were significantly increased with respect to the untreated group. The SOD level was increased significantly and the MDA level was decreased significantly in the SOD- or GSH-treated groups relative to the control group after the flap elevation. These results have suggested that ROS may have an important role in ischemic flow-through venous flap pathogenesis and additionally, antioxidants could enhance the rate of flap survival.     

Cinacalcet may improve oxidative DNA damage in maintenance hemodialysis patients: an observational study

Background

Oxidative stress is accepted as a non-classical cardiovascular risk factor in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cinacalcet on oxidative stress biomarkers, oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine), endothelial function (FMD %) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in HD patients.

Methods

Forty-two chronic HD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing 60 mg/day cinacalcet treatment with a follow-up of 6 months and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in this prospective study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine ratio (8-OHdG/dG) were determined as oxidative stress markers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase (PON), catalase (CAT), carbonic anhydrase (CAN) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured as antioxidants. FMD % and CIMT were assessed by ultrasonography.

Results

MDA levels were decreased; SOD, PON, CAT, CAN and GPx activities were increased after 6 months of cinacalcet treatment in HD patients. Although CIMT remained stabile, there was a significant improvement in FMD % as well as a notable reduction trend in 8-OHdG/dG ratio after 6 months of treatment.

Conclusion

Our data have demonstrated that cinacalcet improves oxidative stress, genomic damage, endothelial function and increases antioxidant protection in HD patients after 6 months of treatment.     

Evaluation of superoxide dismutase activity in dialyzed patients by electron spin resonance spectroscopy

BACKGROUND: The relationship between plasma SOD activity and remaining renal function in patients with renal insufficiency has been not elucidated. We attempted to investigate the degree of serum SOD activity among patients with various renal conditions. METHODS: Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, plasma SOD activities were evaluated in 28 patients who underwent HD before and after procedure and in 15 controls. The patients were classified according to the condition of renal function; group A (n = 15) included patients whose plasma creatinine clearance levels were less than 10 ml/min, and group B (n = 13) included those whose plasma creatinine clearance levels were 10 ml/min or more but less than 20 ml/min. RESULTS: The plasma SOD activities of group A were significantly higher than those of group B (p < 0.005) and controls (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that in group A, the SOD activities in plasma before HD were significantly higher than those after HD (p < 0.001). However, in group B, there were no significant differences in the level of plasma SOD activities before and after HD. CONCLUSION: Production of superoxide anion is considered almost the similar in both groups, which suggests the SOD activity would depend on the degree of the remaining renal function of each patient.     

Increased oxidative stress and oxidative damage associated with chronic bacterial prostatitis

目的:探讨慢性细菌性前列腺炎是否会在患者体内引起氧化应激加剧和氧化损伤及其可能的机理。方法:采用病例对照研究设计,用分光光度分析法检测了随机纳入的70例慢性细菌性前列腺炎患者(CBPP)与70例健康成人志愿者(HAV)的血浆一氧化氮(NO),维生素 C(VC)、维生素 E(VE)和β-胡萝卜素(β-CAR)水平以及红细胞丙二醛(MDA)水平,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性。结果:与 HAV 组相比较,CBPP 组的血浆 NO 和红细胞 MDA 的均值显著增高(P<0.001),血浆 VC、VE 和β-CAR 及红细胞 SOD、CAT 和 GPX 活性均值显著降低(P<0.001)。70例 CBPP 的偏相关分析结果提示,随着病程的延长,NO 和 MDA 值逐渐增高(P<0.001),VC、VE、β-CAR、SOD、CAT 和 GPX 值逐渐降低(P<0.05-0.001)。70例 CBPP 的逐步回归提示其模型为 Y=-13.2077 0.1894MDA 0.0415NO-0.1999GPX,F=18.2047,P<0.001,r=0.6729,P<0.001。结论:本研究结果提示,患者体内存在着由慢性细菌性前列腺炎引起的氧化应激加剧和氧化损伤,且这种现象与患者的病程密切相关。     

Varicocelectomy reduces reactive oxygen species levels and increases antioxidant activity of seminal plasma from infertile men with varicocele

Several theories have been advanced to explain the mechanisms by which varicocele impairs male fertility. These theories include scrotal hyperthermia, retrograde flow of adrenal or renal metabolites, Leydig cell dysfunction and hypoxia. Varicocele is reported to be associated with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in spermatozoa and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether surgical correction of varicocele might reduce ROS or increase the antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma from infertile patients with varicocele. The study group consisted of 68 infertile males, selected from patients scheduled for varicocelectomy at Cairo University Hospital during the year 1999. Seminal plasma levels of two ROS [malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] and one ROS radical [nitric oxide (NO)] were estimated as well as six antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin C (Vit C), vitamin E (Vit E), albumin) on the day prior to varicocelectomy. For comparison, the same parameters were measured again 3 and 6 months post-operatively. A statistically significant reduction in the 3 month post-operative levels of MDA, H2O2 and NO was observed when compared with the pre-operative values. A further significant reduction took place during the following 3 months. Four of the six antioxidants tested (SOD, CAT, GPx, and Vit C) showed a significant increase in seminal levels when comparing 3-month post-operative with pre-operative values. A further significant increase of the four antioxidant levels took place during the following 3 months. No significant change in the level of seminal plasma albumen took place during the first 3 months after varicocelectomy, however, a significant increase was noted during the next 3 months. In contrast to other antioxidants, seminal plasma levels of Vit E showed a significant decrease when comparing 3-month post-operative with pre-operative values. A further significant decrease took place during the following 3 months. It is concluded that varicocelectomy reduces ROS levels and increases antioxidant activity of seminal plasma from infertile men with varicocele.     

Seminal plasma oxytocin and oxidative stress levels in infertile men with varicocele

This study aimed to assess seminal plasma oxytocin (OT) and oxidative stress (OS) levels in infertile men with varicocele (Vx). A total of 131 men were divided into fertile men (n = 20), fertile men with Vx (n = 17), infertile men without Vx (n = 40) and infertile men with Vx (n = 54). OT, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were estimated in seminal plasma. Mean levels of seminal OT, MDA were significantly decreased, and the mean level of GPx was significantly increased in fertile men with/without Vx compared with infertile men with/without Vx. Mean levels of OT, MDA were increased, and mean level of GPx was significantly decreased in Vx grade III cases compared with Vx grades I, II cases and in bilateral Vx cases compared with unilateral Vx. There was significant negative correlation between seminal OT with sperm count, sperm motility, seminal GPx and significant positive correlation with sperm abnormal forms, seminal MDA. It is concluded that seminal OT is significantly decreased in fertile men with/without Vx compared with infertile men with/without Vx. Seminal OT demonstrated significant negative correlation with sperm count, sperm motility, seminal GPx and significant positive correlation with sperm abnormal forms, seminal MDA. Seminal OT is associated with Vx grade and its bilaterality.