多济敷对面部磨削创面愈合的临床疗效观察

目的：本研究采用多济敷外用于面部皮损磨削术后创面,观察其对创面愈合时间、皮肤色素沉着等的变化。方法：采用区域神经阻滞或局部浸润麻醉,对不同类型的面部皮损34例进行皮肤磨削治疗,术后创面应用多济敷或凡士林纱布作为底层敷料包扎创面,术后换药一次,保留底层敷料。结果：2001年8月至2003年9月间,通过自身对照,34例面部磨削术后采用多济敷治疗组较凡士林纱布组创面愈合时间缩短(P＜0．05),经过6个月至2年的随访,皮肤色素沉着也有明显改善。结论：多济敷有利于缩短面部磨削术后创面愈合时间,改善面部色素沉着,外观满意。     

环钻切除法在面部点圆状皮肤病变治疗中的应用

体表较大的点圆状皮肤痫变，尤其是位于面部的色素痣、小肿物、小瘢痕，对美容有较显著的影响。传统的方法一般采用切除缝合，但因其遗留比原病变直径长出约一倍左右的线状瘢痕，且需缝合、拆线及缝合后所引起的皮肤牵拉或瘢痕挛缩又可造成周围组织变形等不足，所以临床难以推广。自1998年以来，笔者对面部多种点圆状皮肤病变采用环钻切除的方法，不作创面缝合，依靠创缘的自然收缩愈合，临床治疗380例患者，效果良好，现报道如下。     

烧伤愈合创面继发化脓性肉芽肿样病变四例

1999年4月—2002年3月,笔者单位收治浅度烧伤创面愈合后局部皮肤继发化脓性肉芽肿样病变的男性患者4例,年龄5～26岁。烧伤面积1%～5%TBSA,均为浅Ⅱ度。伤后均在院外治疗,创面外用药为偏方(成分不详)或湿润烧伤膏。病变部位均为已愈合创面皮肤,其中上肢3例、面部1例。发病后因诊     

颜面部小创面再生自愈疗法的美容效果

目的 探讨颜面部皮损切除后创面的美容修复新方法.方法 选择42例71个颜面部皮损,用环形刀将皮损完整切除,切除后创面喷碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）和涂抹透明质酸软膏辅助创面组织再生和修复,每天3次,直至小创面愈合.观察创面再生自愈时间并评价其远期效果.结果 42例71个颜面部皮损创面均顺利治愈,仅遗留微小瘢痕.经统计分析,5 mm×5 mm面积的创面愈合时间平均为15d,15 mm× 15 mm面积的创面愈合时间平均为25 d.12个月后随访35例63个皮损治疗区,瘢痕面积比原皮损面积缩小50％左右,与正常皮肤颜色接近,基本与皮面相平.结论 颜面部皮损切除后小创面再生自愈疗法能减少瘢痕形成,方法简单,不增加额外手术损伤,是一种有效的面部皮损修复新方法.     

改进菱形皮瓣修复头面部肿瘤切除术后皮肤缺损

目的 为了提高头面部皮肤肿瘤切除术后皮肤缺损创面的修复效果.方法 1994年～2002年根据Z字成形及几何学原理,应用改进菱形皮瓣转位修复头面部皮肤肿瘤切除术后形成的皮肤组织圆形缺损创面36例,其中有2个感染创面,创面缺损部位:头部8例、面部28例.皮肤圆形缺损创面直径1.5cm～3cm.造成皮肤创面缺损的原因有皮肤血管瘤、黑毛痣、皮肤鳞状上皮癌等病灶切除术后所致皮肤缺损.结果 34例伤口甲级愈合,外形美观,没有形成直线瘢痕;2例创面皮瓣远端中间部分1cm～2mm小范围皮肤干性坏死经换药后治愈,手术获得良好效果.皮肤鳞状上皮癌病人在伤口拆线后按常规进行放疗,皮瓣没有发生放射性损伤.结论 应用改进菱形皮瓣修复皮肤圆形组织缺损具有设计合理、灵活性强的优点,是头面部皮肤肿瘤切除术后创面皮肤缺损修复的一种良好方法.     

钛夹处理内镜下黏膜切除术后创面62例

目的探讨内镜下黏膜切除（endoscopic mucosal resection,EMR）术后钛夹夹闭创面,对防止并发症及促进创面愈合的效果。方法对62例直径≤15mm的食管、胃肠隆起性病变行EMR治疗,共切除69处病变,术后创面均应用钛夹处理,评价术中及术后的并发症情况,术后6周复查内镜,观察创面愈合情况。结果62例69处病变均完整切除,无残留病变,1～3枚钛夹夹闭创面,无出血、穿孔等并发症,6周后复查内镜,创面均达到愈合标准,65处病变的钛夹脱落,均无溃疡、复发及狭窄。结论EMR术后钛夹夹闭创面操作简单,安全,治疗效果好。     

医用胶粘合术治疗头面部小伤口

【摘要】〓目的〓探讨医用胶在头面部裂伤中应用。方法〓选取我院急诊科550例新鲜头面部表浅创面,清洗伤口后,使用医用胶粘合创面。结果〓545例新鲜创面一期愈合。5例伤口术后开裂后二期愈合。结论〓医用胶粘合术在治疗头面部表浅创面时,具有操作简单、减轻患者痛苦、愈合后疤痕小、护理方便等优点。     

自制环钻切取法治疗面部皮脂腺囊肿的疗效观察

目的:通过应用自制的碳18合金3.5mm环钻治疗面部皮脂腺囊肿,探索一种治疗面部脂腺囊肿的简单、安全、有效的新方法.方法:选取无感染的面部皮脂腺囊肿患者158例,随机分为两组,治疗组88例采用自制环钻切取法,对照组70例采用常规手术切除法,分别记录术后感染、术后愈合及术后复发情况.结果:环钻切取法为痊愈84例(95.5%),常规手术切除痊愈48例(68.6%)经卡方检验(X2=20.50,p<0.01),两者有显著性差异,使用环钻切取法对面部皮脂腺囊肿治愈率较高.结论:环钻切取法治疗面部皮脂腺囊肿,切口小、出血少,可控制深度,使用简单、安全,患者痛苦小,治愈率高,愈后效果好,易于推广.     

整形外科技术在修复急慢性巨大皮肤软组织创面中的应用

目的探讨整形外科技术在修复皮肤软组织巨大创面中的应用效果。方法对收治的84例急慢性巨大皮肤软组织创面患者,根据创面的不同情况,采用皮片移植、皮瓣移植、负压封闭引流等整形外科技术,修复术区病变切除后的皮肤软组织缺损。结果本组84例患者中,1例因慢性创面形成的窦道位置靠近肛周组织,行手术治疗后,窦道仍未完全愈合,遂转入肛肠科进一步治疗;1例因术后残余创面经久不愈而转院治疗;1例因术后皮片感染而完全坏死,给予清创换药后,愈合切口留有瘢痕;1例创面未愈而自动出院;其余80例患者术后创面均甲级愈合。结论对于急慢性巨大皮肤软组织创面在系统治疗的基础上,应用整形外科治疗技术可获得较满意的形态和功能修复。     

成人头面部巨大血管畸形的手术治疗

目的：探讨成人头面部巨大血管畸形的手术切除与美容修复。方法：1998年9月以来，收治此类患者67例，占同期收治血管瘤与血管畸形患者的25．2％。术前通过CTA或MRI了解头面部血管畸形与颅内血管的关系；根据病变的部位、类型、范围选择不同的术式治疗，并于术中采用环状缝扎、电凝治疗、分区植皮等技术。结果：48例行大张中厚或全厚皮片移植修复创面者，皮片成活率≥95％，头部均遗留秃发畸形，面部术区外形基本满意；采用病灶切除＋（电凝治疗）＋直接缝合治疗的19例中，15例伤口发生不同程度创缘皮肤坏死，伤口裂开，其中3例行清创缝合术，12例经换药愈合；术后5个月～2年随访37例，27例效果满意，术区外形良好，局部无复发，10例局部有不同程度的复发，需二次手术治疗。结论：术前了解头面部血管畸形与颅内血管的关系至关重要；环状缝扎与电凝治疗有助于减少术中出血，简化切除难度，但电凝治疗对伤口愈合有一定影响；面部分区植皮有助于病灶切除后的美容修复。     

勿需缝合的黑痣切除术

为了在暴露部位尤其是面部切除黑痊获得最佳的美容效果及最小的瘢痕，从七十年代开始偿试一种切除病变后依靠创缘的自然收缩来闭锁创面的办法。手术时沿黑痣边缘圆形切开皮肤全层，压迫止血后，用无菌敷料敷盖创面，不需任何其他处理，创面即可在术后１０天至４周愈合。创面越小，愈合时间越短。此间如创面内出现凝血块，应及时取出，因为凝血块会妨碍创缘的收缩。创面愈合不久会出现色素沉着，但最终一定会消失，这种手术适合于小于１０ｍｍ的病变，其优点是瘢痕小，手术简便，但因为创面开放，因此容易并发感染。     

应用皮肤切削术治疗胸背部巨痣临床分析

目的:观察应用皮肤切削术治疗胸背部巨痣的临床效果,探讨治疗巨痣较为有效的方式。方法:于巨痣部位以切削方式削除黑色素痣病变组织,继发创面以愈邦(纳米银抗菌医用敷料)覆盖,术后逐层揭去外层敷料,直至创面愈合,愈后综合抗瘢痕治疗。结果:胸背部巨痣可一次性手术完成,创面均Ⅰ期愈合,愈后无明显瘢痕增生或挛缩,皮肤色泽及弹性可。结论:应用皮肤切削术治疗胸背部巨痣手术次数少,无需植皮。     

应用人工真皮和自体皮移植修复难愈性创面

目的 了解人工真皮联合自体皮移植修复难愈性创面的可行性并评价其治疗效果.方法 选择20例住院患者共25处持续8周以上的难愈性创面,分为慢性溃疡组9例11处创面,为创伤、烧伤后瘢痕溃疡创面;骨外露组11例14处创面,骨外露面积为0.8～77.0 cm~2(最大面积为22.0 cm×3.5 cm).手术方法 为I期扩创移植人工真皮,2～6周后局部血管化良好,外露肌腱和骨质被类真皮组织覆盖,Ⅱ期移植自体薄断层皮片. 结果 慢性溃疡组9例患者的11处创面中,9处愈合优良,2处经换药后愈合.骨外露组11例患者的14处创面中,12处愈合优,外露骨质得到有效覆盖;2处创面因感染人工真皮未成活,随后行皮瓣修复手术.随访5-24个月,未见创面复发,外观满意,无明显增生性瘢痕,供皮区亦无明显瘢痕形成. 结论 人工真皮联合自体皮移植修复难愈性创面,方法 简便、创面愈合质量高、供皮区损失轻微,为难愈性创面的修复提供了新的选择.     

组织工程皮肤修复烧伤后残余创面的临床观察

目的：观察创面直径为5-7cm的烧伤后残余创面应用组织工程皮肤治疗的效果。方法：笔者单位2008年5月-2012年7月的12例烧伤后残余创面患者,采用同体对照的研究方法,每例患者选择2处直径为5-7cm的残余创面,随机分为组织工程皮肤治疗组和对照组。两组创面细菌培养阳性菌株均相同。两组受试创面面积比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,具有可比性。患者均进行浸浴治疗后,受试创面给予外用莫匹罗星软膏,每日换药1次。在局部感染控制后组织工程皮肤治疗组创面清创后移植组织工程皮肤,对照组继续换药治疗,同时予以全身抗感染治疗。结果：本组12例患者组织工程皮肤治疗组创面均在移植组织工程皮肤后1-2周愈合,均未进行自体皮移植,愈合质量良好;对照组创面在相同时间内均未愈合,最终均给予自体皮移植而愈合。结论：经充分创面准备后移植组织工程皮肤可用于修复直径较大的烧伤后残余创面,以替代传统的自体皮移植。     

Improved Scar Quality Following Primary and Secondary Healing of Cutaneous Wounds

Poor wound healing remains a critical problem in our daily practice of surgery, exerting a heavy toll on our patients as well as on the health care system. In susceptible individuals, scars can become raised, reddish, and rigid, may cause itching and pain, and might even lead to serious cosmetic and functional problems. Hypertrophic scars do not occur spontaneously in animals, which explains the lack of experimental models for the study of pathologic scar modulation. We present the results of three clinical comparative prospective studies that we have conducted. In the first study, secondary healing and cosmetic appearance following healing of partial thickness skin graft donor sites under dry (semi-open Sofra-Tulle dressing) and moist (moist exposed burn ointment, MEBO) was assessed. In the second study, healing of the donor sites was evaluated following treatment with Tegaderm or MEBO, two different types of moisture-retentive dressings. In the third study, 3 comparable groups of primarily healed wounds were evaluated. One group was treated by topical antibiotic ointment, the second group was treated by Moist Exposed Burn Ointment (MEBO), and the third group did not receive any topical treatment. In the second study, secondary healing of partial thickness skin graft donor sites was evaluated following treatment with Tegaderm or MEBO, two different types of moisture-retentive dressings. In the second and third studies, healed wounds were evaluated with the quantitative scale for scar assessment described by Beausang et al. [1] Statistical analysis revealed that for both types of wound healing, scar quality was significantly superior in those wounds treated with MEBO.     

Polyurethane film (Opsite) vs. impregnated gauze (Jelonet) in the treatment of outpatient burns: a prospective, randomized study

As it has been shown that re-epithelialization of partial skin thickness wounds can be accelerated if the wound is kept moist, a prospective, randomized clinical study compared the water vapour-semipermeable polyurethane film, Opsite, with the conventional impregnated gauze dressing, Jelonet, in the treatment of outpatient partial skin thickness burns. Fifty-five patients were included: 30 were treated with the polyurethane film and 25 with the conventional dressing. The patients were followed at regular intervals until healing had occurred and were seen 3 months later for evaluation of residual scars and pigmentation. The burns treated with polyurethane films healed with a median of 10 days, while the conventionally treated burns healed with a median of 7 days (P greater than 0.05). Residual scars were noted in 21 per cent of the patients treated with polyurethane films and in 8 per cent treated conventionally (P greater than 0.05). Prophylactic methods should be publicly stressed since one-quarter of the patients were children of 3 years or less who were scalded by split hot liquids. Furthermore the patients' wounds were only briefly cooled before attending medical care. With small burns we advise that cooling should be prolonged until the pain fades then professional assistance should be sought.     

A Pilot Study of Noninvasive Methods to Assess Healed Acute and Chronic Wounds

BACKGROUND: A variety of instruments are available that can objectively assess physical parameters of the skin such as strength, firmness, elasticity, hydration, and color, often undetected by clinical assessment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the physical properties of healed acute and chronic wounds using several noninvasive instruments. METHODS: Four patients with healed acute wounds and four patients with healed chronic wounds were studied using ballistometric, impedance, levarometric, and spectrophotometric measurements. RESULTS: In general, scars were harder, less elastic, dryer, and more erythematous than control skin. These differences were more pronounced in healed chronic wounds. CONCLUSION: A scar from an acute surgical wound becomes softer, more elastic, dryer, less erythematous, and less pigmented as it ages. In contrast, chronic wound scars become harder as they age. These different properties of healed acute wounds and healed chronic wounds may be a result of the different healing processes in each wound type.     

Inflammatory inert poly(ethylene glycol)--protein wound dressing improves healing responses in partial- and full-thickness wounds

In this study, a novel soft hydrogel system based on the poly(ethylene glycol)-protein conjugates was evaluated as an occlusive wound dressing material. The hydrogel material, referred by the name of BioAquacare, contains up to 96% of the liquid and is formulated with phosphate-buffered saline and safe preservative to control bacterial load in the open wounds. Performance of the BioAquacare as a wound dressing material was assessed in partial- and full-thickness wounds in pigs. Wound analysis comprised macroscopic determination of the wound size, histological examination of the healing tissues and biochemical characterisation of wound exudates. The wounds treated with BioAquacare healed without any signs of inflammation, skin irritation, oedema or erythema. Cellular composition of the reepithelialised wounds was very similar to that of the normal skin, with a well-developed stratum corneum and epithelial layer. It was observed that BioAquacare plays the role of a liquid compartment, which provides pronounced hydration effect and helps maintain a natural moist environment of the healing tissues. BioAquacare showed relatively low protein-absorbing activity, absorbing predominantly low-molecular-weight molecules, including interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, transforming growth factor-beta1 and products of haemoglobin degradation. It is concluded that application of the moist BioAquacare dressing promotes fast reepithelialisation by creating favourable environment for keratinocytes proliferation and it also reduces scarring. The results show that BioAquacare can be considered as a safe, biocompatible and inflammatory inert wound dressing material.     

皮肤环形缝扎术在整形外科中的应用

目的：探讨如何应用环形缝扎术关闭皮肤缺损创面。方法：用不可吸收缝线环绕创缘皮下或皮内缝合一周,收紧缝线打结将伤口缩拢关闭。结果：该法应用于32例共41处创面,术后形成瘢痕短小,外形好。结论：本法封闭创面简便、快速,效果好,可作为整形外科的一项基本技术应用。