国产单孔蛇形臂机器人手术系统在前列腺癌根治术中的初步应用

目的探讨国产单孔蛇形臂机器人手术系统用于前列腺癌根治术的安全性和可行性。 方法2021年10月至2022年4月,海军军医大学第一附属医院、南京医科大学第二附属医院、浙江大学医学院附属第一医院采用国产单孔蛇形臂机器人手术系统完成前列腺癌根治术17例,记录患者一般情况、肿瘤学指标、手术入路、手术时间、操作时间、术中出血量、辅助孔数量、围术期并发症、病理结果、术后一个月PSA及尿控情况等指标。 结果患者平均年龄（70±7）岁,平均BMI （24.8±2.7） kg/m²,术前平均PSA 11.9（6.6） ng/ml,Gleason评分6分者7例,7分者10例。17例手术均顺利完成,其中经腹腔入路10例,经腹膜外入路7例。5例手术为纯单孔术式,12例手术增加一枚12 mm辅助通道。平均手术时间（210±63）min,主刀医师上机操作时间（172±52）min,术中出血量（115±92）ml,围手术期无输血、肠道损伤、漏尿、发热、切口愈合不良等并发症。术后病理提示Gleason评分6分者4例,7分者12例,9分者1例;T₂期14例,T₃期3例;切缘阳性者4例（23.5%）。术后1个月平均PSA 0.01（0.074） ng/ml,12例患者尿控满意（71%）。 结论采用国产单孔蛇形臂机器人手术系统可安全、有效的开展经腹腔和经腹膜外的前列腺癌根治术。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的疗效比较

目的:分析比较机器人辅助腹腔镜与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术治疗前列腺癌的效果,并探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的临床应用价值。方法:将2011年05月~2014年02月收治的38例前列腺癌患者作为机器人辅助腹腔镜手术组,以同期行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的32例患者为腹腔镜手术组。观察比较手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血率、术后引流管留置时间、术后住院时间、切缘阳性率、生化复发以及随访尿控及性功能情况。结果:两组均成功完成手术,机器人辅助腹腔镜手术组在术中出血量、术中输血率、术后引流管留置时间、术后住院时间、尿控及性功能保留方面均优于腹腔镜手术组,差异具有显著性(P0.05)。结论:机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术手术并发症少,术后尿控及性功能保留良好,是治疗前列腺癌安全、有效的微创术式。     

经腹膜外腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术（附7例报告）

目的：探讨经腹膜外腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的手术方法和疗效.方法：对7例局限性前列腺癌患者实施经腹膜外前列腺癌根治术.结果：7例手术均成功完成,手术时间145～250 min,平均175 min.估计术中出血量200～600 ml,平均300 ml,其中3例患者输400 ml红细胞悬液,术中无腹膜破裂、直肠输尿管损伤、膀胱损伤等病例;术后病理均报告切缘阴性,无淋巴结转移,留置导尿14～23天,平均18.2天;术后1～3天肠道功能恢复,平均1.6天.术后发牛尿漏2例,6天后尿漏消失.随访3～10个月,平均6个月,术后拔除尿管出现轻度尿失禁3例（43%）,1周内完全恢复尿控率71.4%（5/7）,第1、3、6个月完全恢复控尿率分别为71.4%（5/7）、85.7%（6/7）、100%（7/7）,术后3个月检查血清PSA＜0.2 μg/L,随访期间末出现生化复发.结论：腹腔镜下腹膜外途径前列腺癌根治术创伤小、并发症少、恢复快,是局限性前列腺癌安全有效的外科治疗方法.     

耻骨上经膀胱单孔机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术单中心结果初步分析

目的:探讨耻骨上经膀胱单孔机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术（SPSV-RARP）的临床效果并初步评估21例早期前列腺癌患者术后尿控情况。方法:回顾性分析2019年2—12月复旦大学附属中山医院采取SPSV-RARP治疗21例早期前列腺癌患者(cT₁N₀M₀～cT_2cN₀M₀)的临床资料。患者中位年龄为70岁,前列腺体积中位数为29.55 mL,术前前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）中位数为9.82 ng/mL。SPSV-RARP手术方式采用单切口进行,建立手术路径后,在机器人辅助腹腔镜下经膀胱完成前列腺根治性切除术,通过膀胱切口取出标本。记录患者围手术期情况并随访患者术后PSA及尿控情况。结果:21例患者行SPSV-RARP均顺利完成。中位手术时间为70 min,术中出血量中位数为95 mL,术后Gleason评分中位数为7分。患者切缘阳性率0,术后1个月PSA值均<0.02 ng/mL。21例患者术后拔除导尿管的中位时间为7 d。21例患者中,术后1、4、12和2...     

逆行性膀胱颈保护技术在前列腺癌根治术中的应用和效果评价

目的:评价逆行性膀胱颈保护(BNP)技术在开放性前列腺癌根治术中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2011年12月~2013年6月采用逆行性BNP技术所开展的前列腺癌根治术26例患者的临床资料,观察患者手术时间、术中出血量、围手术期输血量、术后患者并发症的发生情况、术后住院时间、拔除尿管时间及随访情况等。结果:26例患者手术均采用开放性耻骨后前列腺癌根治术,手术时间130~210min,平均156min;出血量50~400ml,平均出血量210ml,无患者在围手术期输血;术后住院时间7~12天,平均8.9天;术后病理分期为T2期23例,T3a期3例;所有患者术后病理检查均未发现盆腔淋巴结阳性,无手术切缘阳性;围手术期未发生膀胱-尿道吻合口漏;拔除尿管后,患者排尿均通畅,无吻合口狭窄发生。本组26例患者均在术后7天拔除尿管,其中5例患者在术后1周内恢复尿控功能,12例患者在术后4周内恢复尿控功能,其余9例患者在术后3个月内恢复尿控功能。所有患者在3个月后均能正常排尿,无排尿困难和尿失禁表现;3个月后复查血PSA,其中23例患者均达到0.02μg/L以下水平,其余3例患者PSA下降未达到以上标准,随后进行了辅助盆腔外放射治疗。结论:同国内外相关研究结果相比较,逆行性BNP技术可以提高前列腺癌根治术后患者的尿控能力,降低手术并发症,提高患者术后生活质量,是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

单孔腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术20例3年随访结果

目的 报道20 例腹膜外入路经脐单孔腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的中期肿瘤学和功能学随访结果.方法 2009 年8 月至2011 年10 月,20 例局限性前列腺癌患者接受了单孔腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术,患者平均年龄66.1 岁,平均体重指数24.4 kg/m2,术前平均PSA 12.2 ng/ml.统计分析围手术期、病理、以及术后肿瘤控制、性功能和控尿功能资料.结果 所有手术均顺利完成,无需中转常规腹腔镜或开放手术,1 例需增加一个5 mm 套管.平均手术时间为248 min(190~330 min),平均出血量为94 m(l 20~200 ml),无术中并发症发生,术后3 d 视觉模拟疼痛评分为1.5 分,平均术后住院时间为15.4 d(13~24 d).病理报告1 例(5%)T3a 患者切缘阳性,平均Gleason 评分6.7 分.术后有4 例Clavien 2 级并发症.平均随访22.8 个月(12~36 个月),未发现肿瘤生化复发证据,保留双侧勃起神经的患者术后60%恢复了性功能,完全尿控率1 年为85%(17/20),2 年为90%(9/10),3 年为100%(3/3).结论 单孔腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术技术上可行,不仅美容效果好、术后疼痛轻,且具有令人满意的中期肿瘤控制、性功能和控尿功能保留效果.有必要开展与常规腹腔镜手术的随机对照研究以决定其应用价值.     

机器人辅助腹腔镜经腹腔与腹膜外单孔前列腺癌根治术围手术期护理的对比研究

目的:回顾性分析机器人辅助腹腔镜经腹腔与经腹膜外单孔前列腺癌根治术治疗前列腺癌的围手术期护理的疗效,探讨后者的护理优势。方法:回顾性分析四川省人民医院机器人微创中心2019年7月—2020年6月接受机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的患者142例,其中行机器人辅助腹腔镜经腹腔前列腺癌根治术82例,行机器人辅助腹腔镜经腹膜外单孔前列腺癌根治术60例,所有手术均为同一术者完成。术后随访比较两组患者的手术切口护理情况、引流管拔除时间、疼痛评分、术后住院天数、术后排气时间、尿管留置时间、控尿训练的效果、切口愈合情况及美观度、术后随访患者满意度。结果:142例手术均在机器人辅助腹腔镜下顺利完成,无中转开放。经腹腔组与经腹膜外单孔两组手术切口护理切口感染3例(3.7%)、1例(1.7%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);引流管拔除时间分别为4.8(3~13)d和2.8(1~10)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后疼痛评分分别为2.1(1~9)分和1.9(1~8)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后住院天数分别为9.3(8.0~16.0)d和8.4(7.0~13.0)d,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后排气时间分别为1.3(0.65~3.0)d和3.4(2.0~7.0)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后尿管留置时间分别为9.0(7.0~21.0)d和6.0(4.0~8.0)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后即刻、3个月、6个月尿控例数分别为8例(9.8%)、51例(62.2%)、62例(75.6%)和17例(28.3%)、43例(71.7%)、54例(90.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组总切口长度分别为12.1(10.4~13.4)cm和5.6(5.0~6.0)cm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后满意度分别为90%和100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:机器人辅助腹腔镜腹膜外单孔前列腺癌根治术围手术期护理具有恢复时间更短、尿控缓解率更高、切口美观整洁、术后满意度更高的优势,更有利于术后护理工作的开展。     

腹腔镜与机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术在TURP术后前列腺癌的疗效比较

目的:通过对比分析腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(LRP)与机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(RALRP)在治疗TURP术后前列腺癌的疗效。方法:将2010年1月～2019年12月收集的54例既往有TURP手术史,后续病理确诊前列腺癌并再次行前列腺癌根治术的患者资料。将患者分为两组(RALRP组38例,LRP组16例)。对比分析两组患者术中情况(手术时间、术中出血量)、术后情况(术后住院时间、留置导尿时间、即时尿控率)及电话随访(术后PSA、尿控情况)。结果:两组患者的术中出血量、留置导尿时间及即时尿控率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而手术时间、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访患者术后早期尿控差异有统计学意义(P0.05),生化复发率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:RALRP较LRP在治疗TURP术后前列腺癌具有一定优势,能降低术中出血量,促进患者术后尿控的早期恢复。     

腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(附11例报告)

目的探讨腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的应用价值。方法4例采用经腹腔途经,7例采用经腹膜外途经,手术切除前列腺、精囊、输精管壶腹,行膀胱尿道吻合。结果11例手术均获得成功,手术时间180~390min,平均304min。术中出血量300~1200ml,平均520ml。术后留置尿管时间12~28d,平均19.8d。无直肠损伤等并发症。术后住院时间12~24d,平均20d,无尿失禁及尿道狭窄。11例随访1~36个月,平均11个月,未发现肿瘤局部复发和远处转移,术后3个月前列腺特异抗原0~0.05μg/L。结论腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

单孔腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术：附5例报告

目的报道经脐部单孔多通道腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术手术的初步经验。方法 2010年6月至2010年11月,对5例TNM分期为T1b～T2的前列腺癌患者行经腹途径单孔腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术,所有患者既往无盆腔手术史。经脐部切口,长约4cm,置入单孔多通道设备（Quadport）,在此切口之外无附加任何其他操作通道。结果 5例手术均获得成功,无一例中转开放或传统腹腔镜手术。手术时间185～370min,平均303min。术中出血量220～650ml,平均431ml,无一例患者需输血。术后留置尿管时间12～21d,平均17d。无直肠损伤等并发症。术后住院时间12～25d,平均19d。所有病例术后病理均报告前列腺包膜完整,肿瘤切缘均为阴性。所有5例患者术后随访2～15周,控尿恢复良好,每天使用尿片约0～2片。结论单孔腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术是安全有效的治疗方法。     

低功率钬激光与等离子剜除治疗中等体积前列腺增生的比较

目的对中等体积前列腺增生,通过比较低功率钬激光（LP-HoLEP）与等离子剜除（PKEP）的临床疗效,探讨低功率钬激光剜除前列腺增生的临床特点。 方法收集我院自2018年6月至2020年6月104例前列腺增生（30 ml1、IPSS、Q_max、RUV、PSA、剜除时间、粉碎时间、膀胱冲洗时间、术后尿管留置时间、住院时间、切除腺体质量、血红蛋白下降量等。统计两组患者术前及术后7 d、14 d及21 d尿白细胞升高例数,及术后6个月的IPSS评分、PSA、前列腺体积V₂等。 结果两组患者年龄、Hb、V₁、IPSS、Q_max、RUV、PSA、剜除时间、粉碎时间、腺体切除质量、血红蛋白下降值差异无统计学意义。LP-HoLEP组与PKEP组膀胱冲洗时间为（42.63±13.25）min和（51.67±11.65）min,术后尿管留置时间为（1.80±0.56） d和（2.23±0.83）d,术后平均住院天数为（2.90±0.70）d和（3.58±0.68）d,差异有统计学意义。两组患者尿白细胞升高例数随时间发生趋势性变化（F=132.842,P<0.05）,两组患者术后尿白细胞增多差异无统计学意义,（F=1.960,P=0.183）。随访6个月,LP-HoLEP和PKEP组IPSS评分降至（5.23±1.67）和（5.70±1.89）,PSA降至（1.17±0.40）和（1.04±0.37）ng/dl,前列腺体积V₂降至（15.93±2.18）ml和（15.25±2.73） ml。两组尿失禁和尿道狭窄等并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。 结论随访6个月,两组均能够有效剜除前列腺且降低PSA,同时改善LUTS,说明对治疗中等体积BPH均安全有效。LP-HoLEP虽然学习曲线较长,但可以减少膀胱冲洗、尿管留置及住院时间。因此,低功率钬激光剜除中等体积前列腺增生具有可行性且可进一步推广应用。     

Is a cystogram necessary after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy?

PURPOSE: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy has become an acceptable option for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. The role of cystography in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was evaluated prospectively. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 80 consecutive patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with an intraperitoneal approach were evaluated. There were 40 patients (group 1/surgeon A) who received a routine postoperative cystogram before Foley catheter removal. An additional 40 patients (group 2/surgeon B) had their catheters removed without radiographic imaging. Patient demographics, intraoperative data, postoperative data, and complications were recorded prospectively. RESULTS: The 2 groups were similar in age, Gleason score, and history of previous urethral/bladder neck surgery. Univariate analysis showed no statistical difference among case duration, estimated blood loss, need for bladder neck reconstruction, presence of visible anastomotic leak, or use of pelvic drains. Anastomosis time was the only variable that reached statistical significance. Mean catheter duration (11 days) was similar between the 2 groups. There were 3 patients from group 1 who had an anastomotic leak identified on a cystogram. In group 2, 1 patient had a persistent mild leak based on a cystogram obtained for urinary symptoms. No patient in either group had urinary retention, urinary tract infection, renal failure, or bladder neck contracture develop. The degree of postoperative urinary incontinence was similar between groups. CONCLUSION: Foley catheter removal on postoperative days 8-10 after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy without routine cystography appears safe.     

Use of a urethral splent in one-stage hypospadias repair

Over a 9-month period, 28 patients with distal penile or more proximal hypospadias underwent one-stage surgical repair. Bladder drainage was achieved in the traditional fashion with either an indwelling Foley catheter or suprapubic catheter or by using a modified urethral silicone stent ("splent"). Twenty-two patients had repair with a perimeatal skin flap, and the remaining six patients had major urethral reconstruction with a vascularized preputial island flap. Use of the urethral splent was associated with shorter postoperative hospitalization and minimal short-term complications. The authors' experience has shown that use of a urethral splent for urinary drainage is efficient and effective in postoperative management after hypospadias repair.     

The effect of suprapubic catheterization versus transurethral catheterization after abdominal surgery on urinary tract infection: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND/AIM: Transurethral catheterization is generally associated with a higher incidence of urinary tract infections than suprapubic catheterization; however, suprapubic catheterization is associated with other disadvantages such as higher costs and a more difficult technique, and at the moment there is no consensus about the use of both catheter systems. Therefore, a prospective randomized study was performed to investigate the effects of suprapubic catheterization and transurethral catheterization in patients undergoing surgery on the incidence of urinary tract infections and patient satisfaction. METHODS: Patients who underwent an elective laparotomy were randomized and received a suprapubic or transurethral catheter. The primary end point was urinary tract infection. Other parameters of urinary tract infection, as well as duration of catheterization, hospital stay, and number of recatheterizations and of relaparotomies were monitored. Treatment 'per protocol' was also analyzed after exclusion of patients receiving another catheter than randomized for. Patients were asked for their satisfaction with the catheters and complaints during and after catheterization. RESULTS: 165 patients were eligible, of whom 19 patients had to be excluded. 75 patients were allocated to receive the suprapubic catheter and 71 the transurethral catheter. There was no difference in the incidence of a urinary tract infection between the suprapubic group (n = 9/75; 12%) and the transurethral group (n = 8/71; 11%). Most patients (6/9) who developed a urinary tract infection in the suprapubic group, however, underwent recatheterization because of postoperative complications/sepsis and relaparotomy. The incidence of urinary tract infections in patients who received a suprapubic catheter and not a transurethral catheter was 3/59 (5%). The patients did not differ with respect to satisfaction and complaints. Being a men, recatheterization and duration of catheterization are risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of a urinary tract infection between a suprapubic catheter and a transurethral catheter in patients undergoing major surgery was not different. A potential advantage of the suprapubic catheter (reduction of urinary tract infections) is probably partly negated, because transurethral catheters were used if recatheterization was indicated during the postoperative stay or due to complications.     

A Randomized Study to Compare Biodegradable Self-reinforced Polyglycolic Acid Spiral Stents to Suprapubic and Indwelling Catheters After Visual Laser Ablation of the Prostate

Purpose

A randomized controlled study was done to evaluate the efficacy of the self-reinforced polyglycolic acid spiral stent compared to a suprapubic catheter, and combined suprapubic and indwelling catheters in the prevention of urinary retention after visual laser ablation of the prostate.

Materials and Methods

We studied 72 men with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent placement of a suprapubic catheter and visual laser ablation of the prostate. In 27 men in group 1 the self-reinforced polyglycolic acid spiral stent was inserted into the prostatic urethra after visual laser ablation of the prostate, while 23 in group 2 received no other devices. In 22 men in group 3 an indwelling catheter was left in situ for an average of 6.5 days.

Results

Voiding began 1 or 2 days postoperatively in 20 of 27 patients (median 1 day) in group 1, and 8 of 23 (median 6 days) in group 2. In 16 of 22 men in group 3 voiding began 1 or 2 days (median 6) after removal of the indwelling catheter. Improvements in patient weighted symptom score, mean peak urinary flow rate and post-void residual volume were significant (p <0.001) at 6 months of followup in all groups. The overall infection rate was 30%.

Conclusions

The self-reinforced polyglycolic acid spiral stent is superior to the suprapubic catheter alone, and to combined indwelling and suprapubic catheters for the treatment of postoperative urinary retention after laser therapy, offering possibilities for shorter catheterization time.     

Robotic bladder diverticulectomy: Technique and surgical outcomes

Objectives: Indications for surgical treatment of bladder diverticula include tumor, lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to medical treatment, renal dysfunction or recurrent urinary tract infections. We describe the technique and report the outcomes of robotic bladder diverticulectomy at our institution. Methods: A chart review of patients who underwent robotic bladder diverticulectomy at our institution from 2007 to 2010 was carried out. Indications for the procedure were: lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) not responding to medical treatment (2 patients), ureteral obstruction (1 patient), tumor arising in a diverticulum (2 patients) and diverticulum secondary to neurogenic bladder (1 patient). One patient also had renal dysfunction associated with ureteral insertion into the diverticulum and therefore underwent ipsilateral ureteroneocystostomy. Other additional procedures included transurethral resection of the prostate (1 patient) and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (1 patient). Perioperative and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: Six patients (median age 61.5 years, range 19–75) underwent da Vinci diverticulectomy using a transperitoneal approach without the need for open conversion. Median operative time was 232 min (135–360 min.). Median estimated blood loss was 100 mL (50–150 mL). The Foley catheter was removed after a negative cystogram and median time to catheter removal was 7 days (7–12 days). Median hospital stay was 3 days (2–5 days). The only complication was a urinary tract infection managed with antibiotics. Conclusions: Robotic surgery represents a reasonable minimally invasive treatment option for resection of bladder diverticula when indicated.     

Preventable long-term complications of suprapubic cystostomy after spinal cord injury: Root cause analysis in a representative case report

Background

Although complications related to suprapubic cystostomies are well documented, there is scarcity of literature on safety issues involved in long-term care of suprapubic cystostomy in spinal cord injury patients.

Case Presentation

A 23-year-old female patient with tetraplegia underwent suprapubic cystostomy. During the next decade, this patient developed several catheter-related complications, as listed below: (1) Suprapubic catheter came out requiring reoperation. (2) The suprapubic catheter migrated to urethra through a patulous bladder neck, which led to leakage of urine per urethra. (3) Following change of catheter, the balloon of suprapubic catheter was found to be lying under the skin on two separate occasions. (4) Subsequently, this patient developed persistent, seropurulent discharge from suprapubic cystostomy site as well as from under-surface of pubis. (5) Repeated misplacement of catheter outside the bladder led to chronic leakage of urine along suprapubic tract, which in turn predisposed to inflammation and infection of suprapubic tract, abdominal wall fat, osteomyelitis of pubis, and abscess at the insertion of adductor longus muscle

Conclusion

Suprapubic catheter should be anchored securely to prevent migration of the tip of catheter into urethra and accidental dislodgment of catheter. While changing the suprapubic catheter, correct placement of Foley catheter inside the urinary bladder must be ensured. In case of difficulty, it is advisable to perform exchange of catheter over a guide wire. Ultrasound examination of urinary bladder is useful to check the position of the balloon of Foley catheter.     

Assessing the effectiveness of different urinary catheters in emptying the bladder: an application of transvaginal ultrasound

The effectiveness of different types of urinary catheters in completely draining the bladder has not been tested. Transvaginal ultrasound, which is able to measure bladder volumes in women from 2 to 175 ml, provides a means of measuring any fluid volume remaining in the bladder following catheter drainage. Using transvaginal ultrasound, the post-catheterisation bladder volumes were measured in 26 female patients; 14 underwent urethral catheterisation using either a 14F short plastic female catheter or a Foley catheter of the same size (balloon not inflated); 12 had an indwelling 12F suprapublic catheter following bladder neck surgery. The mean post-catheterisation bladder volumes after using the short plastic female and Foley catheters were less than 1 ml and 77 ml respectively. A short plastic catheter should be used in women to collect the residual urine volume by urethral catheterisation. A Foley catheter is relatively ineffective in this task. A 12F suprapubic catheter was found to drain the bladder relatively well. The mean post-catheterisation bladder volume was 35 ml. Prior to removing a suprapubic catheter post-operatively, it is recommended that the residual urine volume (measured using the suprapubic catheter) be checked by measuring the post-catheterisation bladder volume (using either a short plastic catheter or transvaginal ultrasound).     

Suprapubic prostatectomy with a novel catheter

PURPOSE: We evaluated the postoperative morbidity and technical complications of a new handmade catheter used for suprapubic prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 146 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms who had indications for open prostatectomy were enrolled in the study from January 2003 to August 2004. Of the patients 96 were treated with a novel technique without a urethral catheter but with a special handmade cystostomy catheter, while the other 50 underwent the traditional procedure using cystostomy and a urethral catheter. The same surgical team operated on the 2 groups. Clot retention episodes, hemoglobin decreases, irritative symptoms, voiding status after cystostomy removal and incontinence were evaluated postoperatively. Three months later we followed the patients with symptom score, maximum flow rate and cystoscopic examination. RESULTS: Preoperatively mean International Prostate Symptom Score was 31.6 in each group. Postoperatively none of the patients with the novel catheter complained of significant irritative urinary symptoms, clot retention and true or stress urinary incontinence. Of the cohorts 94% were satisfied with voiding but 86% of controls were satisfied. There was no report of urinary tract infection or epididymo-orchitis in the cohorts, while we found epididymo-orchitis in 4 controls (8%). Three months after the operation the mean International Prostate Symptom Score was 4.4 (range 1 to 7) and the mean maximum flow rate was 22.6 ml per second (range 14 to 25) in patients with the novel catheter, and 4.2 (range 1 to 7) and 22.5 ml per second (range 15 to 25), respectively, in those with the traditional catheter. At followup there was no bladder neck contracture but 4 patients (4.1%) showed some degree of membranous urethral stricture. We also noted 7 controls (14%) with urethral stricture. CONCLUSIONS: Transurethral prostate resection has been introduced as the surgical treatment of choice in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, open adenomectomy still has a place. Urethral catheter-free suprapubic prostatectomy can be safely applied with a low postoperative risk of infection, incontinence and stricture formation.     

经腹途径机器人辅助前列腺增生切除术初步经验

目的探讨经腹途径机器人辅助前列腺增生切除术(robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy,RASP)治疗大体积良性前列腺增生的手术经验、临床安全性及可行性。 方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年1月期间,首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院行RASP治疗的21例前列腺增生患者临床资料,对手术程序、术中和术后所存在的问题进行总结。 结果21例患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开放手术;平均手术时间(135.7±23.2)min,平均术中出血量(168.4±21.5)ml,无输血,术后24 h内停止膀胱冲洗,拔除造口管时间为术后2 d,拔除引流管时间为术后3 d,平均拔除尿管时间(12.5±2.4)d。术后3个月复查残余尿量、最大尿流率和国际前列腺症状评分均有改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论RASP治疗大体积良性前列腺增生是一种安全、有效的微创方法,可能成为大体积良性前列腺增生的可选治疗手段。