金雀异黄素对CIA大鼠炎症及细胞因子影响的研究

目的研究金雀异黄素(Gen)对类风湿关节炎(RA)动物模型CIA大鼠炎症及细胞因子的作用。方法采用Ⅱ型胶原建立CIA大鼠模型;通过Gen和/或MTX治疗后检测CIA大鼠关节炎指数(AI)评分和后肢容积,摄取大鼠关节X线片;观察大鼠关节病理学改变;Western Blot法检测血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达。结果 CIA大鼠造模成功;Gen治疗组、MTX治疗组及Gen+MTX治疗组大鼠炎症反应较模型对照组减轻,血清中IL-1β、TNF-α表达明显降低(P0.05),Gen+MTX治疗组的效果更佳。结论 Gen能够降低CIA大鼠炎症反应,减缓关节炎病情进展,可能是通过抑制IL-1β、TNF-α的表达而发挥抗炎作用。     

金雀异黄素对CIA大鼠炎症及细胞因子影响的研究

目的 研究金雀异黄素（Gen）对类风湿关节炎（RA）动物模型CIA大鼠炎症及细胞因子的作用.方法 采用Ⅱ型胶原建立CIA大鼠模型;通过Gen和/或MTX治疗后检测CIA大鼠关节炎指数（AI）评分和后肢容积,摄取大鼠关节X线片;观察大鼠关节病理学改变; Western Blot法检测血清中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达.结果 CIA大鼠造模成功; Gen治疗组、MTX治疗组及Gen＋MTX治疗组大鼠炎症反应较模型对照组减轻,血清中IL-1β、TNF-α表达明显降低（P〈0.05）, Gen＋MTX治疗组的效果更佳.结论 Gen能够降低CIA大鼠炎症反应,减缓关节炎病情进展,可能是通过抑制IL-1β、TNF-α的表达而发挥抗炎作用.     

汉防己甲素对胶原诱导的关节炎大鼠关节腔液中与外周血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的调节

目的观察汉防己甲素对胶原诱导的关节炎(CIA)大鼠关节腔和外周血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的影响,探讨汉防己甲素治疗CIA的相关机制。方法以胶原诱导的关节炎Wistar大鼠为动物模型,将大鼠分成正常组、模型组和汉防己甲素组。正常组、模型组注射0.9%氯化钠溶液,汉防己甲素组按80 mg/kg后腿肌肉注射,1次/d,30 d处死动物,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清和膝关节腔液中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量。结果与正常对照组相比,CIA模型组大鼠关节腔液和血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量升高(P<0.01);经过汉防己甲素治疗后,关节腔液和血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量降低,与模型组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而与正常组比较,差异无显著性。结论汉防己甲素可以通过调节细胞因子变化而达到治疗CIA,这也可能是汉防己甲素治疗类风湿关节炎的机制之一。     

HTLV-Ⅰ相关性HAM/TSP患者血清及脑脊液IL-6的测定及其意义

【目的】探讨白细胞介素6(IL-6)在人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒Ⅰ型相关性脊髓病/热带痉挛性瘫痪(HAM/TSP)发病中的作用。【方法】应用免疫放射方法检测8例HAM/TSP患者血清及脑脊液中IL-6水平。【结果】HAM/TSP患者血清及脑脊液中IL-6含量分别为(194.76±30.01)pg/ml;(184.12±36.39)pg/ml,而其他神经系统疾病(OIND)组血清及脑脊液中IL-6含量分别为(132.61±21.76)pg/ml;(124.95±15.39)pg/ml,正常对照组(NC)组血清IL-6含量为(127.08±22.05)pg/mL。HAM/TSP患者血清及脑脊液IL-6水平均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);但HAM/TSP患者血清中IL-6含量与脑脊液中IL-6含量水平不呈线性相关。【结论】IL-6在HAM/TSP发病的免疫机制中可能起到重要作用。     

太极拳运动对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清中IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α含量的影响

目的观察太极拳运动对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）及肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）含量的影响。 方法采用随机数字表法将74例稳定期COPD患者分为太极拳组及对照组。2组患者均给予对症支持治疗,太极拳组在此基础上辅以24式杨式太极拳训练,对照组仍按照往常习惯生活,未给予特殊训练干预。于入选时、干预6周及干预12周后分别抽取各组患者清晨空腹静脉血5ml,对其血清中IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α浓度进行测定。 结果对照组患者经干预6周及12周后,其血清中IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α浓度均较入选时无显著变化（P&rt;0.05）;太极拳组患者经干预6周后,其血清中IL-6浓度［（248.86±64.18）pg/ml］较入选时无明显变化（P&rt;0.05）,而IL-8浓度［（146.25±17.60）pg/ml］及TNF-α浓度［（57.03±12.19）pg/ml］均较入选时明显降低（P<0.05）;通过组间比较发现,2组患者上述指标组间差异均无统计学意义（P&rt;0.05）;太极拳组患者经干预12周后,其血清中IL-6浓度［（220.89±62.25）pg/ml］、IL-8浓度［（138.28±24.86）pg/ml］及TNF-α浓度［（51.44±11.88）pg/ml］均较入选时进一步降低（P<0.05）,并且上述指标亦显著低于同期对照组水平（P<0.05）。 结论太极拳锻炼能显著降低稳定期COPD患者血清中IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α浓度,推测太极拳锻炼改善COPD患者病情的作用机制可能与下调血清中IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α含量有关。     

类风湿性关节炎患者滑膜液和外周血中细胞因子的检测和对比分析

目的 探讨细胞因子在类风湿性关节炎(RA)发病中的作用.方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)分析10例RA患者滑膜液和血清中干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-4与IL-12的含量.结果 RA患者滑膜液中IFN-γ含量很高[(366.7±43.2)pg/ml],而外周血中仅(20.1±3.2)pg/ml.患者滑膜液和外周血中IL-4含量均低于检测下限(＜15 pg/ml).患者滑膜液中IL-12和IL-10含量分别为(419.9±89.2)pg/ml和(187.7±34.5)pg/ml,均高于外周血中的含量[(65.32±34.2)pg/ml和(85.0±12.7)pg/ml].结论 RA患者关节滑膜液中的细胞因子分泌格局为Th1型,且明显高于外周血中含量,提示这些炎性细胞因子增高可能与关节滑膜中的自身反应性T细胞的活化导致的免疫损伤密切相关.     

蒙药忠伦阿汤对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠白细胞介素17的影响

目的探讨蒙药忠伦阿汤对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠白细胞介素17（IL-17）的作用机制。方法以牛Ⅱ型胶原（CⅡ）诱导建立胶原诱导性关节炎（CIA）模型,以雷公藤多甙片为阳性对照药,通过观察大鼠的一般情况、局部关节炎表现,测量关节肿胀程度、关节炎指数、组织病理学来探讨蒙药忠伦阿汤高、中、低剂量组的疗效;采用ELISA法测定大鼠血清中IL-17含量的动态变化,免疫组化法检测IL-17的表达强弱,RT-PCR法测定滑膜软骨中IL-17的基因表达相对量。结果蒙药忠伦阿汤高、中、低剂量组均可使大鼠的一般情况和局部关节炎症状得到改善,使关节肿胀程度和关节炎指数减少,病理滑膜炎症减轻,与模型组比较差异显著（P〈0.05）;同时发现模型组大鼠血清中IL-17的含量和滑膜软骨中IL-17基因的表达明显升高、免疫组化中IL-17呈高表达,而忠伦阿汤高、中、低剂量组和与雷公藤组均起下调作用,与模型组比较差异显著（P〈0.05）,且忠伦阿汤高剂量组与雷公藤组在降低IL-17水平方面作用相近。结论模型组IL-17含量明显增高,表明与CIA大鼠的发病有关。忠伦阿汤通过降低CIA大鼠血清和滑膜软骨中IL-17水平,从而控制CIA大鼠病情发展,发挥干预类风湿关节炎的作用,并且存在量效关系。     

严重腹腔感染病人血清IL—8的意义

目的探讨检测血清IL-8在评估严重感染病人预后方面的意义.方法将29例严重腹腔感染病人按治疗结果分为存活组和死亡组进行对照,检测指标包括APACHEⅡ评分、入院第1天和第2天的外周血白细胞计数和中性粒细胞比例、血小板计数、血清IL-8和TNF-α.结果10例死亡病人APACHEⅡ评分为18.2±6.9,存活组病人为5.6±2.4(P＜0.05);两组病人外周血白细胞计数和分类以及血小板计数无显著性差别;死亡组和存活组首次血清IL-8分别为428.70±515.50pg/mL和52.19±75.49pg/mL;TNF-α分别为23.60±14.94pg/mL和44.82±26.05pg/mL,P值均小于0.05;8例死于严重感染的患者有6例血清IL-8高于100pg/mL(占75%),而存活的19例病人中仅2例高于100pg/mL(占10.5%);IL-8和外周白细胞计数、血清TNF-α间无显著性相关.结论严重感染病人早期血清IL-8的急剧升高预示不良后果.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征血清白细胞介素6及肿瘤坏死因子α水平的临床意义

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者外周血炎症因子白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子α水平的临床意义。方法选取32例OSAHS患者为观察组,21例年龄、性别及体重指数(BMI)等均相匹配的健康者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组患者血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平,比较其间的差异,并进一步分析该炎症因子与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及最低血氧饱和度(LSa O2)间的相关性。结果 OSAHS组患者血清IL-6[(103.43±31.29)pg/ml]及TNF-α[(15.42±4.92)pg/ml]水平较对照组[IL-6(65.53±20.01)pg/ml,TNF-α(9.74±2.63)pg/ml]显著增高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。观察组患者血清IL-6及TNF-α水平与AHI呈正相关(r分别为0.513、0.534,P<0.05),与其LSa O2呈负相关(r分别为-0.478、-0.496,P<0.05)。结论 OSAHS患者外周血炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α水平增高,与OSAHS严重程度呈正相关。     

急性心肌梗死患者血清白介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α水平的变化

目的:探讨白介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)发病中的作用。方法:采用美国DPC公司生产的Immulite化学发光分析仪检测IL-6及TNF-α的含量。结果:AMI组治疗前IL-6、TNF-α水平分别为(49.5±13.4)pg/mL、(31.6±9.4)pg/mL,治疗后IL-6、TNF-α水平分别为(18.0±5.7)pg/mL、(29.8±8.4)pg/mL;对照组IL-6、TNF-α水平分别为(5.6±1.6)pg/mL、(5.1±1.3)pg/mL。AMI组治疗前后IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.001);治疗后IL-6显著下降,与治疗前比较差异有显著性(P<0.001),TNF-α治疗后,与治疗前比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:IL-6、TNF-α可能在心肌梗死的发生发展中起重要作用,可能共同参与心肌梗死的发病过程。     

电视辅助胸腔镜外科

１概述 电视辅助胸腔镜外科（Ｖｉｄｅｏ—ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ＴｈｏｒａｃｉｃＳｕｒｇｅｒｙ,ＶＡＴＳ）是内镜外科在设备和手术器械不断发展的基础上产生的“微侵入”外科技术。如腹腔镜技术在外科的应用一样,９０年代以来,ＶＡＴＳ在胸外科领域也得到蓬勃发展。 ＶＡＴＳ的出现改变了胸腔内镜技术的面貌。早在１９１０年,瑞士内科医师Ｊａｃｏｂｅｕｓ首先把膀胱镜技术移植到胸腔内,用于诊断胸膜病灶以及应用到治疗肺结核的胸膜粘连术和肺萎陷疗法。开辟了内镜诊断、治疗胸部疾病的先例［１］。以后,在２０世纪三四十年代,逐渐发…     

Alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) dual integrin antagonists block alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion under shear flow

The alpha(4) integrin, alpha(4)beta(7), plays an important role in recruiting circulating lymphocytes to the gastrointestinal tract, where its ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is preferentially expressed on high endothelial venules (HEVs). Dual antagonists of alpha(4)beta(1) and alpha(4)beta(7), N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-(L)-4-(2',6'-bis-methoxyphenyl)phenylalanine (TR14035) and N-(N-[(3,5-dichlorobenzene)sulfonyl]-2-(R)-methylpropyl)-(D)-phenylalanine (compound 1), were tested for their ability to block the binding of alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing cells to soluble ligand in suspension and under in vitro and in vivo shear flow. Compound 1 and TR14035 blocked the binding of human alpha(4)beta(7) to an (125)I-MAdCAM-Ig fusion protein with IC(50) values of 2.93 and 0.75 nM, respectively. Both compounds inhibited binding of soluble ligands to alpha(4)beta(1) or alpha(4)beta(7) on cells of human or rodent origin with similar potency. Under shear flow in vitro, TR14035 and compound 1 blocked binding of human alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing RPMI-8866 cells or murine mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes to MAdCAM-Ig with IC(50) values of 0.1 and 1 microM, respectively. Intravital microscopy was used to quantitate alpha(4)-dependent adhesion of fluorescent murine lymphocytes in Peyer's patch HEVs. When cells were prestimulated with 2 mM Mn(2+) to activate alpha(4)beta(7) binding to ligand, anti-alpha(4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) [10 mg/kg (mpk) i.v.] blocked adhesion by 95%, and anti-beta(1) mAb did not block adhesion, demonstrating that this interaction was dependent on alpha(4)beta(7). TR14035 blocked adhesion to HEVs [ED(50) of 0.01-0.1 mpk i.v.], and compound 1 blocked adhesion by 47% at 10 mpk i.v. Thus, alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) antagonists blocked alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion of lymphocytes to HEVs under both in vitro and in vivo shear flow.     

(E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU)

(E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU, Brivudin, Zostex, Zerpex, Zonavir), now more than 20 years after its discovery, still stands out as a highly potent and selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections. It has been used in the topical treatment of herpetic keratitis and recurrent herpes labialis and the systemic (oral) treatment of herpes zoster (zona, shingles). The high selectivity of BVDU towards HSV-1 and VZV depends primarily on a specific phosphorylation of BVDU to its 5'-diphosphate (DP) by the virus-encoded thymidine kinase (TK). After further phosphorylation (by cellular enzymes), to the 5'-triphosphate (TP), the compound interferes as a competitive inhibitor/alternate substrate with the viral DNA polymerase. The specific phosphorylation by the HSV- and VZV-induced TK also explains the marked cytostatic activity of BVDU against tumor cells that have been transduced by the viral TK genes. This finding offers considerable potential in a combined gene therapy/chemotherapy approach for cancer. To the extent that BVDU or its analogues (i.e., BVaraU) are degraded (by thymidine phosphorylase) to (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (BVU), they may potentiate the anticancer potency, as well as toxicity, of 5-fluorouracil. This ensues from the direct inactivating effect of BVU on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, the enzyme that initiates the degradative pathway of 5-fluorouracil. The prime determinant in the unique behavior of BVDU is its (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl) substituent. Numerous BVDU analogues have been described that, when equipped with this particular pharmacophore, demonstrate an activity spectrum characteristic of BVDU, including selective anti-VZV activity.     

真空负压吸引在乳腺癌改良根治术后应用的研究

目的 ：探讨Drainobag真空负压引流瓶在乳腺癌根治术后的应用效果。方法：对66 例在我科施行乳腺癌改良根治术的患者,术后随机分为两组,对照组(33 例)选择持续墙式中心负压吸引引流,改进组(33例)应用Drainobag真空负压引流瓶引流,对两组术后第一天引流量、置管时间、皮下积液、皮瓣坏死和术后住院时间进行比较。结果：改进组术后第一天引流量、置管时间、皮下积液、皮瓣坏死率和术后住院时间均明显低于对照组(Ｐ＜0.05)。结论：应用Drainobag真空负压引流瓶引流效果好,能有效预防术后并发症的发生,缩短了住院时间,增强了病人的自信心。     

Morphological Distinction of Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae) and Radaisia (Hyellaceae) of Chroococcales (Cyanoprokaryota)

Radaisia gomontiana Sauvageau has been studied for their morphology from the material collected from natural habitat and from cultures. The continuous collections of the organism from nature did not show any sign of baeocyte formation. However, in the seventeenth collection, after 2 months growth in a water body, it did reveal the formation of baeocytes only for 2 days, whereas under culture conditions, stages of baeocyte and monocyte formation were recorded as distinct features. The organism is identified as Radaisia (Hyellaceae) when baeocytes are observed. Its vegetative stage which is recognized as Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae).