甲泼尼龙片和地氯雷他定片治疗过敏性紫癜的临床疗效

目的联合应用甲泼尼龙片和地氯雷他定片治疗过敏性紫癜,并与传统方法相比较,探讨甲泼尼龙片和地氯雷他定片的疗效,提高过敏性紫癜的治愈率。方法将全部患者随机分成治疗组和对照组：治疗组48例,采用口服甲泼尼龙片8 mg,每日3次（逐渐减量）;口服地氯雷他定片5 mg,每日1次;雷尼替丁胶囊0.15 g,每日2次;对重型、极重型则加用静脉滴注地塞米松10 mg[1～3 d后改为口服甲泼尼龙片8 mg,每日3次（逐渐减量）]。腹痛者肌肉注射654-2针10 mg,每日1次或口服胃复安片10 mg,每日2次。对照组36例,采用口服强的松片10 mg,每日3次（逐渐减量）,雷尼替丁胶囊0.15 g,每日2次。对重型、极重型则加用静脉滴注地塞米松10 mg[1～3 d后改为口服强的松片10 mg,每日3次（逐渐减量）;]腹痛者肌肉注射654-2针10 mg,每日1次或口服胃复安片10 mg,每日2次。结果治疗组痊愈率为86.67%,有效率为96.7%;对照组痊愈率为62.07%,有效率为93.1%。两组痊愈率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.27,P〈0.05）,说明治疗组疗效优于对照组。结论我们采用甲泼尼龙片联合地氯雷他定片治疗过敏性紫癜取得显著疗效,值得在临床上推广使用。     

复方甘草酸苷加地氯雷他定治疗儿童慢性荨麻疹疗效观察

目的评价复方甘草酸苷片加地氯雷他定干混悬剂治疗儿童荨麻疹的效果。方法将168例慢性荨麻疹儿童分成两组,观察组72例口服复方甘草酸苷片75 mg,每日3次;地氯雷他定干混悬剂1.25～2.5 mg,每日1次。对照组96例口服地氯雷他定干混悬剂,每日1次。两组治疗均为4周,治疗后2、4周进行疗效评价。结果治疗结束时症状、体征总评分,观察组优于对照组(Ρ0.01);观察组总有效率为88.89%,明显优于对照组的68.75%,且无明显不良反应。结论复方甘草酸苷片加地氯雷他定干混悬剂治疗儿童慢性荨麻疹安全有效。     

孟鲁司特联合氯雷他定治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效研究

目的观察孟鲁司特联合氯雷他定治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法对我院收治的95例过敏性鼻炎患者分为对照组47例和研究组48例。对照组使用氯雷他定治疗,研究组在此基础上联合孟鲁司特治疗,对两组治疗结果进行比较。结果治疗前,两组症状总积分、生活质量评分比较,无显著差异(P0.05);治疗后,研究组症状总积分显著低于对照组,生活质量评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组治疗总有效率为95.83%,与对照组72.34%相比,相对更高(P0.05);研究组不良反应率为8.33%,对照组为6.38%,组间比较,无显著差异(P0.05)。结论孟鲁司特联合氯雷他定治疗过敏性鼻炎,疗效确切,可显著缓解患者临床症状,提升生活质量,安全性较高,值得推广。     

枸地氯雷他定片治疗急性荨麻疹38例疗效观察

目的观察枸地氯雷他定片治疗急性荨麻疹的疗效及安全性。方法急性荨麻疹患者80例随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予地氯雷他定分散片5mg/次,1次/d,口服;观察组给予枸地氯雷他定片8.8mg/次,1次/d,口服,2组疗程均为6d。比较2组治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组有效率为89.47%,对照组为69.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.24,P=0.001);观察组不良反应发生率为10.53%,对照组为12.82%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.671,P=0.196)。结论枸地氯雷他定片治疗急性荨麻疹疗效满意,安全性高。     

两种方案治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效分析

目的比较不同治疗方案对飞行人员过敏性鼻炎的治疗效果。方法对140名患病飞行人员进行治疗研究,实验组(n1=76)采用地氯雷他定片5 mg顿服,同时采用丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷雾剂喷鼻治疗,1次/d,每个鼻孔各2喷;对照组(n2=64)单纯采用地氯雷他定片5 mg顿服治疗;两组治疗时间均为两周。结果治疗总有效率为90.00%,其中实验组治疗有效率96.05%,对照组治疗有效率82.81%。两组治疗有效率比较,实验组显著高于对照组(χ2=6.767,υ=1,0.005P0.01)。结论两种治疗方案均具有较好的治疗效果,一般可采用单纯口服地氯雷他定片治疗,对于症状较重的或者对于疗养期间的患病飞行人员,应采用联合治疗方案。     

鼻渊通窍颗粒联合地氯雷他定治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床效果

目的 探讨鼻渊通窍颗粒联合地氯雷他定治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床效果.方法 选取2018年6月至2020年1月收治的130例过敏性鼻炎患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各65例.对照组给予地氯雷他定治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予鼻渊通窍颗粒治疗.比较两组的临床效果.结果 研究组的治疗总有效率为95.38...     

氯雷他定分散片联合重组干扰素α1b注射治疗慢性荨麻疹体会

目的观察氯雷他定分散片联合重组干扰素α1b注射治疗慢性荨麻疹的疗效和安全性。方法将83例慢性荨麻疹患者随机分成两组。治疗组47例,口服氯雷他定分散片10mg,每日1次,肌注重组干扰素α1b注射液10μg,每周2次;对照组36例,采用单口服氯雷他定分散片10mg,疗程8周。观察两组的疗效和不良反应,停药2周再观察病情有无反复。结果治疗组疗程优于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）;不良反应治疗组3例,对照组2例;治疗组复发率亦比对照组偏低（P＆lt;0.05）。结论氯雷他定分散片联合重组干扰素α1b注射治疗慢性荨麻疹安全、有效,复发率少。     

孟鲁司特钠联合氯雷他定治疗上呼吸道感染后咳嗽疗效观察

目的：探讨孟鲁司特钠联合氯雷他定治疗上呼吸道感染后咳嗽的疗效。方法：上呼吸道感染后咳嗽患者65例,治疗组35例,给予孟鲁司特钠10 mg,每日1次及氯雷他定10 mg,每日1次,睡前口服;对照组30例,给予复方磷酸可待因溶液,每次10 mL,每日3次,疗程均为14 d。采用视觉模拟评分（VAS）对患者治疗前及治疗后1周、2周的咳嗽程度进行评分,观察两组治疗后1周、2周VAS评分的改善率,评估疗效。结果：治疗后1周、2周VAS评分的改善率治疗组分别为（47.2±7.3）%及（77.5±7.2）%,对照组分别为（28.2±6.6）%及（58.0±9.6）%,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论：孟鲁司特钠联合氯雷他啶可明显改善上呼吸道感染后咳嗽患者的症状,是有效的治疗方法。     

生理性海水洗鼻治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎的效果观察

对照组过敏性鼻炎患儿仅给予氯雷他定单纯药物治疗;研究组给予氯雷他定联合生理性海水治疗。两组过敏性鼻炎患儿均连续治疗4w后记录其临床疗效,将所得数据经专业分析(统计学)后获得结论。结果两组过敏性鼻炎患儿经上述相应方法治疗后,研究组临床治疗总有效率(88.64%)显著高于对照组(临床治疗总有效率70.45%),数据对比P<0.05则提示两组存在统计学意义。对过敏性鼻炎患儿给予氯雷他定治疗基础上联合生理性海水给药可显著提高其临床疗效,有利于保障患儿预后及生活质量。     

卡介菌多糖核酸联合氯雷他定治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床观察

目的：观察卡介菌多糖核酸联合氯雷他定治疗慢性荨麻疹的疗效。方法：治疗组42例采用卡介菌多糖核酸注射液肌注．每次2ml，隔日一次，连用20次，同时口服氯雷他定10mg，qd．连用21天。对照组40例口服氯雷他定10mg，qd，连用21天。结果：总有效率治疗组为90．47％．对照组为67．50％。两组总有效率比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：卡介菌多糖核酸联合氯雷他定对慢性荨麻疹具有标本兼治的作用。     

Comparison of ketotifen fumarate ophthalmic solution alone,desloratadine alone,and their combination for inhibition of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the conjunctival allergen challenge model: a double-masked,placebo- and active-controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Ketotifen fumarate is a topical antiallergic combination mast-cell stabilizer and antihistamine indicated for the temporary prevention of ocular itching due to allergic conjunctivitis. Desloratadine is a systemic antihistamine indicated for the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ketotifen 0.025% ophthalmic solution instilled in the eye, desloratadine 5-mg tablets taken orally, and their combination for prevention of the signs and symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, as induced by the conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) model. METHODS: This was a randomized, double-masked, placebo- and active-controlled, single-center clinical trial. At visit l, the dose of allergen necessary to elicit a qualifying allergic reaction was determined for subjects meeting the entry criteria. At visit 2, the allergen dose determined at visit 1 was confirmed, and all subjects who had a qualifying ocular and nasal allergic reaction were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: ketotifen ophthalmic solution and placebo tablet, desloratadine tablet and placebo eyedrop, or ketotifen and desloratadine. Subjects were instructed to instill 1 drop into each eye twice daily and take 1 tablet with water once daily at the same time as the morning eyedrop for approximately 4 weeks. At visit 3, subjects brought in their medication and were given 1 drop of the eyedrop bilaterally and 1 tablet with water. Bilateral CAC was performed 2 hours after administration of medication. Using standardized scales, subjects rated ocular itching at 3, 5, and 7 minutes after CAC; ocular tearing and eyelid swelling at 10, 15, and 20 minutes after CAC; and nasal signs and symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea and postnasal drip, pruritus, and nasal congestion) at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes after CAC. The investigator graded ocular redness and chemosis at 10, 15, and 20 minutes after CAC. At all visits, subjects were offered an anti-allergy eyedrop to relieve any immediate ocular discomfort caused by CAC. RESULTS: One hundred two subjects were screened-82 (55 women, 27 men; mean age, 42.8 years [range, 21-70 years]) were randomized to treatment, and 80 completed the study. Subjects in the group that received ketotifen (n = 27) and the group that received ketotifen with desloratadine (n = 26) had significantly lower mean itching scores compared with those in the group that received desloratadine alone (n = 27) at all time points (P 相似文献   

伲福达和普伐他汀联合治疗对高血压病患者冠状动脉粥样斑块的影响

【目的】观察伲福达联合普伐他汀治疗对原发性高血压病患者冠状动脉粥样斑块的影响。【方法】经双源螺旋CT血管造影（CTA）发现冠状动脉粥样斑块且冠状动脉狭窄程度20％以上的62原发性高血压病患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组：治疗组给予伲福达和普伐他汀口服;对照组给予依那普利和洛伐他汀口服。血压不达标者加用氢氯噻嗪,血脂不达标者他汀剂量加倍。治疗12个月后复查血压、血脂和冠脉CTA,比较两组患者治疗前后的差别。【结果】治疗组血压平均下降（22．7±10．3）mmHg,对照组血压平均下降（17．6±8．5）mmHg。治疗组总胆固醇、低密度胆固醇治疗后分别下降33．7％、44．6％,对照组分别下降29．4％、35．8％,两组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。治疗组脂质斑块、纤维斑块、混合斑块引起的冠脉狭窄程度分别下降22．6％、16．7％、12．5％,对照组分别下降17．8％、12．9％、9．2％,治疗组较对照组下降更明显（P〈0．05）。【结论】伲福达与普伐他汀联合应用能有效逆转高血压患者冠状动脉粥样斑块,降低血管狭窄程度。     

时间治疗学对非杓型高血压患者降压疗效的临床研究

目的探讨不同服药方法对非杓型高血压患者降压疗效的影响。方法 48例非杓型高血压患者随机分为早上顿服组(24例)和分次服用组(24例),使用药物为非洛地平缓释片和培哚普利片,用药8周,观察用药前后24h动态血压参数,并比较两组患者血压昼夜节律的变化。结果服药8周后,与早上顿服相比较,分次服用降压药物能使患者取得了更好的降压效果(t分别=4.45、2.38,P<0.05)。此外,早晚分次给药患者的血压昼夜节律由非杓型恢复为杓型的显著多于早晨顿服组,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=10.10,P<0.05)。结论联合长效降压药物治疗2级和3级非杓型高血压患者,早晚分次给药与早晨顿服相比,降压效果更好、降压更加平稳,有利于血压的昼夜节律由非杓型恢复为正常的杓型。     

A review of the evidence from comparative studies of levocetirizine and desloratadine for the symptoms of allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND: Levocetirizine and desloratadine are newer antihistamines indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levocetirizine and desloratadine and reviews studies that have directly compared the effects of these 2 drugs in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. METHODS: Relevant articles were identified through a search of MEDLINE from 1999 through 2004 using the main search terms levocetirizine and desloratadine. RESULTS: Levocetirizine is absorbed rapidly and reaches a steady-state plasma concentration more quickly than does desloratadine. It is also metabolized to a lesser extent than desloratadine, has a lower V(d), and has higher specificity for histamine(1) receptors. Eight well-controlled trials were identified that directly compared the effects of levocetirizine and desloratadine in the skin and nose of healthy individuals and patients with allergic rhinitis. Drug activity was measured in terms of wheal, flare, and itch reactions; nasal symptoms or symptom scores; increases in concentrations of inflammatory markers; or facial thermography. In most of these trials, levocetirizine had a faster onset and greater consistency of effect than desloratadine. The differences in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the 2 drugs may partially explain these clinical findings. CONCLUSIONS: Levocetirizine may be preferred to desloratadine as a treatment option for allergic rhinitis because of its faster onset of action and greater consistency of effect. Although comparative studies in chronic idiopathic urticaria are not available, data from histamine-induced wheal and flare studies in healthy volunteers suggest that levocetirizine may be more effective in preventing itching than desloratadine.     

奥美拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、甲硝唑治疗消化性溃疡疗效观察

目的:观察奥美拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、甲硝唑三联疗法对消化性溃疡的疗效。方法:将42例消化性溃疡患者随机分为两组:观察组22例,奥美拉唑20 mg,口服,1次/d,羟氨苄青霉素1 000 mg,口服,2次/d,甲硝唑400 mg,口服,2次/d,1周为1个疗程。对照组20例,雷尼替丁150 mg,口服,2次/d,4周为1个疗程。治疗4周后复查胃镜。结果:两组消化性溃疡的愈合率分别为91%和60%,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。观察组仅出现口干2例,恶心1例。结论:奥美拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、甲硝唑治疗消化性溃病疗效好,不良反应少。     

小剂量抗抑郁药盐酸帕罗西汀和匹维溴胺联合治疗肠易激综合征患者观察

目的比较小剂量抗抑郁药物盐酸帕罗西汀和匹维溴胺与单独应用盐酸帕罗西汀及单独应用匹维溴胺治疗肠易激综合征患者的疗效。方法将156例符合罗马(诊断标准的肠易激综合征患者随机分为3组:治疗组(简称P+P组),52例应用盐酸帕罗西汀(1次/d,口服10mg/次)加匹维溴胺(3次/d,口服50mg/次);对照组1(简称P1组),50例应用盐酸帕罗西汀;对照组2(简称P2组),54例应用匹维溴胺,疗程均为12周。结果在胃肠道症状方面,P+P组对腹痛程度和腹痛天数、腹胀程度和腹胀天数及大便次数的改善优于P1组及P2组,而在大便性状(腹泻或便秘)改善方面3组间则无差异;在精神和躯体症状方面,P+P组对焦虑及腰背痛症状的改善优于P2组,但不优于P1组,其它如抑郁、不愉快、疲惫及头痛改善方面3组间也无差异。结论小剂量盐酸帕罗西汀加匹维溴胺能明显改善肠易激综合征患者的胃肠道及部分精神和躯体症状,是肠易激综合征药物治疗的一种有效方法。     

Comparative efficacy and safety of once-daily versus twice-daily loratadine-pseudoephedrine combinations versus placebo in seasonal allergic rhinitis

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Claritin-D 24 Hour (once daily) with that of Claritin-D 12 Hour (twice daily) and placebo in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, 469 patients with moderate-to-severe SAR symptoms were treated for 2 weeks with one of the following: Claritin-D 24 Hour (a combination tablet formulation of loratadine 10 mg in the coating and pseudoephedrine sulfate 240 mg in an extended-release core), Claritin-D 12 Hour (a combination tablet formulation of loratadine 5 mg in the tablet coating and 120 mg pseudoephedrine sulfate, 60 mg in the coating and 60 mg in the core), or placebo. Claritin-D 24 Hour and Claritin-D 12 Hour were consistently superior to placebo (P < 0.01) in reducing total, nasal, and nonnasal symptom scores. Patients in the Claritin-D 24 Hour and Claritin-D 12 Hour groups also had significantly greater (P 相似文献   

Desloratadine: a nonsedating antihistamine

OBJECTIVE: To review information on desloratadine, a nonsedating antihistamine. DATA SOURCES: An English-language MEDLINE search was conducted (1966-July 2002). References of identified articles were subsequently reviewed for additional data. Schering Corporation provided unpublished information. STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION: Articles and abstracts pertaining to desloratadine were considered for inclusion, with emphasis on randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials. DATA SYNTHESIS: Desloratadine is approved for the treatment of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) in patients aged > or =12 years. In placebo-controlled trials, desloratadine demonstrated superior efficacy as a once-daily treatment of SAR, PAR, and CIU. Data suggest that desloratadine has antiinflammatory and decongestant activity. CONCLUSIONS: Desloratadine appears to be a "me-too" agent, with no major differences compared with other second-generation antihistamines.