μ阿片受体通过调控Smad2抑制乳腺癌细胞迁移侵袭

目的:研究μ阿片受体(MOR)对乳腺癌细胞侵袭及迁移的影响及其机制。方法:Western blot(WB)及RT-q PCR检测乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7、BT-549、SKBR3、MDA-MB-231、BT-474、T47D中MOR的表达水平。在MDA-MB-231细胞中,慢病毒转染过表达MOR。用划痕实验、transwell实验以及WB实验来研究MOR表达量改变对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭、迁移的影响及可能的机制。结果:WB及RT-q PCR结果示,MOR在MDA-MB-231中的表达量明显低于MCF-7、BT-549、SKBR3、BT-474、T47D。划痕实验及transwell实验示,过表达MOR后MDA-MB-231细胞愈合、迁移及侵袭能力明显减弱。WB结果示,与对照组相比,过表达组的Smad2、p Smad2、MMP9、MMP2、N-cadherin表达量下调。结论:与MCF-7等低转移潜能细胞相比,MOR在高转移潜能乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231中表达量低。过表达MOR后,MDA-MB-231细胞迁移、侵袭能力减弱。WB结果提示MOR对MDA-MB-231细胞迁移侵袭的影响可能与Smad2及其下游蛋白的表达下调有关。     

印记基因SLC22A18的表达与乳腺癌侵袭能力的关系

目的:研究印记基因SLC22A18(solute carrier family 22,member 18)在乳腺癌中的表达情况及其与乳腺癌侵袭能力的关系。方法:采用Transwell方法评估2种不同恶性程度的乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231(恶性程度高)和MCF-7(恶性程度低)的侵袭转移能力。分别采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法检测SLC22A18的mRNA和蛋白在这2种乳腺癌细胞株中的表达情况。结果:MDA-MB-231细胞株恶性程度高,穿过膜的细胞多,侵袭能力强;MCF-7细胞株恶性程度低,穿过膜的细胞少,侵袭能力弱;SLC22A18在MCF-7中的mRNA和蛋白表达水平高于MDA-MB-231;差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:印记基因SLC22A18的表达与乳腺癌细胞的侵袭能力相关,该基因有望作为一个抑癌基因抑制乳腺癌的转移。     

SIAH2在乳腺癌发生、发展过程中的作用

目的 探讨SIAH2对乳腺癌细胞生长、侵袭和迁移等生物学行为的影响,揭示乳腺癌发生的分子机制.方法:检测乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231,MDA-MB-435s,MDA-MB-468,MCF-7中SIAH2的表达情况,将SIAH2高表达的MDA-MB-435s细胞通过RNA干扰的方法敲除SIAH2基因,通过MTT试验、划痕试验、Transwell小室侵袭试验检测细胞生物学行为的变化.结果:SIA H2被敲除后MDA-MB-435s细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移运动能力下降,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:SIAH2参与调控乳腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移运动,可能是乳腺癌分子诊断和靶向治疗的有效靶点.     

MicroRNA-197调控上皮-间充质转化对乳腺癌侵袭和迁移的影响

目的:探讨微小RNA-197(miR-197)抑制乳腺癌细胞迁移和侵袭的能力,以及阻断上皮-间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)过程的机制。方法:构建miR-197过表达载体(miR-197mimics),分别转染MDA-MB-231和MCF-7细胞,并设对照组;Real-timePCR分别检测以上各组细胞miR-197的表达水平变化;利用Transwell实验和划痕实验对乳腺癌细胞侵袭和迁移能力进行检测;Western印迹法检测过表达miR-197后对EMT相关标志物E-cadherin,snail和vimentin表达的影响。结果:MiR-197可以抑制乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MCF-7的迁移和侵袭能力;转染miR-197mimics后,E-cadherin表达降低,snail和vimentin表达增加。结论:MiR-197有可能作为乳腺癌临床治疗的新靶点。     

抑癌基因IL-24在乳腺癌细胞中的表达及意义

目的研究hIL-24（人白细胞介素24）对MDA-MB-231乳腺癌细胞的生长抑制作用。方法将pDC316-hIL-24-EGFP转染人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞,用RT-PCR法、Western blot法检测IL-24基因在肿瘤细胞中的表达。结晶紫染色法检测IL-24基因的表达对乳腺癌细胞的生长抑制。RT-PCR检测侵袭、转移相关基因的转录。ELISA法检测VEGF、Ang-1的分泌水平。结果 IL-24基因可在MDA-MB-231细胞中成功转录及表达,并对乳腺癌细胞增殖有明显抑制作用。能明显下调MMP-2、MMP-9的转录。VEGF、Ang-1表达下降。结论 IL-24对乳腺癌细胞有明显的抑制生长、侵袭转移、血管生成的作用。     

Rab27A在4种不同人乳癌细胞株中的表达

目的检测Rab27A在4种人乳癌细胞中的定位、表达情况,初步研究Rab27A表达对乳癌细胞生物学特性的影响。方法采用RT-PCR技术,检测Rab27A mRNA在4种人乳癌细胞MCF-7、MDA-MB-231、MDA-MB-435和MDA-MB-435HM中的表达并进行半定量分析。结果Rab27A mRNA在人乳癌细胞MDA-MB-231、MDA-MB-435及MDA-MB-435HM中的表达水平分别是MCF-7中的2.1、3.4和6.9倍,差异有显著意义（F=17.74～136.23,P〈0.05、0.01）;Rab27A蛋白在人乳癌细胞MDA-MB-231、MDA-MB-435及MDA-MB-435HM中的表达分别是MCF-7中的2.8、4.9和9.2倍,差异有显著性（F=37.74～154.29,P〈0.05、0.01）。Rab27A蛋白弥散性分布于MCF-7、MDA-MB-231和MDA-MB-435细胞浆中,MDA-MB-231和MDA-MB-435中又可见Rab27A蛋白在核周凝聚。结论Rab27A表达可能与乳癌细胞侵袭转移能力有关。     

抑制胞浆型磷脂酶A2γ的表达对乳腺癌细胞迁移侵袭作用的研究

目的探讨胞浆型磷脂酶A2γ(cPLA2γ)的表达在乳腺癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力变化中的潜在作用。方法 (1)采用免疫组织化学的方法检测cPLA2γ在乳腺癌组织中的表达。(2)应用StealthTM-RNAi技术,瞬时转染乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞而抑制cPLA2γ的表达,分别采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blotting技术检测cPLA2γ的信使RNA(mRNA)和蛋白的表达水平;通过划痕实验观察细胞迁移能力的变化;观察抑制cPLA2γ表达的MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力变化。(3)应用Western blot技术检测抑制cPLA2γ表达后,MDA-MB-231细胞在EGF刺激不同时间后Akt(Ser473和Thr308)、cofilin和PKCζ磷酸化水平变化。(4)稳定转染MDA-MB-231细胞而获得抑制cPLA2γ表达的克隆细胞。采用鼠尾静脉注射的方式将抑制cPLA2γ表达的稳定克隆MDA-MB-231细胞注入免疫缺陷的SCID小鼠体内,观察在不同的时间肿瘤细胞的被动转移情况。结果 (1)cPLA2γ在乳腺癌组织中表达与淋巴结转移相关。(2)瞬时转染MDA-MB-231细胞,和对照组相比cPLA2γ的mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低;迁移能力降低;同时MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭能力降低。(3)与对照组相比,抑制cPLA2γ表达后的MDA-MB-231细胞Akt(Ser473和Thr308)、cofilin和PKCζ磷酸化表达水平均降低。(4)稳定转染MDA-MB-231细胞而获得抑制cPLA2γ表达的克隆,与对照组相比mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低;抑制cPLA2γ表达的乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞注入SCID小鼠的尾静脉,乳腺肿瘤细胞被动转移能力降低。结论 cPLA2γ参与EGF诱导的乳腺癌细胞的迁移和侵袭,其调控与Akt通路有关。     

FBXO22对乳腺癌细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响

目的探究FBXO22基因沉默后对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响,并初步研究其相关分子机制。方法利用小干扰RNA(siRNA)技术制备FBXO22小片段干扰RNA转染乳腺癌MDAMB-231细胞,下调FBXO22基因表达,通过蛋白质印迹(Western blot)法检测细胞转染效率,细胞划痕实验检测干扰FBXO22基因表达水平对乳腺癌细胞侵袭能力的影响,Transwell小室迁移实验检测下调FBXO22基因表达水平对乳腺癌细胞迁移能力的影响,Western blot法检测下调FBXO22基因表达水平对乳腺癌细胞侵袭迁移相关蛋白表达的影响。结果 FBXO22-siRNA转染后乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞中FBXO22蛋白表达明显下降,迁移侵袭能力降低,E-cadherin蛋白水平升高,而波形蛋白的蛋白水平降低,基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9水平下降。结论下调FBXO22基因水平能抑制乳腺癌细胞的迁移侵袭能力。其潜在的机制可能为FBXO22基因表达下调抑制了MDA-MB-231上皮细胞-间充质转化进程,并使细胞转移相关重要蛋白--MMP-2和MMP-9表达减少。     

沉默环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白1对乳腺癌细胞生物学行为的影响

目的：探究环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白（cAMP-response element binding protein, CREB1）基因沉默对乳腺癌MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法：针对人CREB1的基因序列设计并构建2条短发夹RNA（short hairpin RNA，shRNA），采用慢病毒转染shRNA至人乳腺癌MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞系抑制其CREB1的表达。将实验组分为shCREB1#1组和shCREB1#2组，同时将shSCR空载质粒转染至上述细胞系作为阴性对照组。采用实时定量PCR和Western-blot法检测转染效率；CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖能力；集落形成实验检测细胞的集落形成能力；流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡率；细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力；Western-blot法检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果： 在MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞中，相较于shSCR组，shCREB1#1和shCREB1#2组中CREB1基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均下降（P＜0.001）。沉默CREB1后，MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖能力、集落形成能力、迁移和侵袭能力减弱且细胞的凋亡率升高（P＜0.05）。此外，沉默CREB1可使细胞周期蛋白CDK2、CDK4、CDK6、Cyclin D1以及抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Survivin的表达水平下调而促凋亡蛋白Caspase 3和Bax的表达水平上调。 结论：沉默CREB1可抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力并诱导细胞凋亡。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对乳腺癌细胞生长及迁移的影响

目的：探讨表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7生长的影响及对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231迁移的影响。方法：MCF-7细胞培养贴壁之后,加入EGCG处理,2d后收集蛋白,采用Western Blot检测磷酸化p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（phospho-p38MAPK）的表达;同样处理后收集活细胞,用细胞计数法检测细胞的存活;取对数生长期的MDA-MB-231细胞,分至6孔板培养,使用EGCG处理后,采用细胞划线法探测乳腺癌细胞的迁移。结果：使用EGCG处理乳腺癌细胞后,phospho-p38MAPK的表达降低,EGCG处理乳腺癌细胞4d后其增殖率降低50%,迁移活性降低。结论：EGCG处理乳腺癌细胞能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长以及迁移,这与p38 MAPK信号通路相关。     

Caprin-1 is a novel microRNA-223 target for regulating the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21–22 nucleotides regulatory small non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression by binding to complementary sequences especially the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of mRNA. One miRNA can target many messenger RNAs, leading to a complex metabolic network. Previous studies have shown that miRNA-223 regulates migration and invasion of tumor cells and targets cytoplasmic activation/proliferation-associated protein-1 (Caprin-1). In the present study, we detected the expression of miRNA-223 and Caprin-1 in MCF-7, T-47D and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines, and MCF-10A normal breast cell line, and analyzed the role of miRNA-223 in Caprin-1-induced proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells. We found that miRNA-223 expression levels are significantly lower in MCF-7, T-47D and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells than in MCF-10A normal breast cells, while Caprin-1 expression is higher in cancer cells than in normal breast cells. The most malignant cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 has the lowest expression of miR-223, but the highest expression of Caprin-1. Further, we found that miR-223 targets the 3’UTR of Caprin-1 miRNA and down-regulates the expression of Caprin-1. We also found that over-expression of Caprin-1 can promote the proliferation and the invasion of breast cancer cells, but miRNA-223 can inhibit the proliferation and the invasion. miRNA-223-induced inhibition can be reversed by ectopic over-expression of Caprin-1. These findings suggest that miR-223 may suppress the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells by directly targeting Caprin-1. Our study also indicates that expression levels of miR-223 and Caprin-1 can be used to predict the state of cancer in breast cancer patient.     

粘着斑激酶在前列腺癌中表达的研究

目的 探讨粘着斑激酶(FAK)表达与前列腺癌发病的关系。方法 前列腺癌患者60例,经手术切除的癌组织及相应的癌旁组织行免疫组化检测FAK表达情况。Trizol法提取组织总RNA,RT-PCR检测FAK mRNA表达量,并进行统计学分析。结果 FAK在60例前列腺癌组织中表达明显比癌旁组织高,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=72.55,P<0.01),FAK的mRNA水平在前列腺癌组织表达显著比癌旁组织高(t=30.51,P<0.01)。淋巴结转移情况看pN0M0表达阳性例数比pN3M1少,pN0M0的mRNA表达量比pN3M1的表达量低,差异有统计学意义(t=25.43,P<0.01)。结论 前列腺癌细胞FAK表达与侵袭转移相关。     

BRMS1对乳腺癌细胞生物学特性影响的体外研究

为探讨乳腺癌转移抑制基因1（BRMS1）对乳腺癌细胞生物学特性影响,利用已建立的高表达BRMS1基因的乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231,研究了BRMS1基因对MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖活性、浸润迁移能力、侵袭能力、细胞周期和凋亡的影响.结果 表明：BRMS1基因通过乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭能力而抑制肿瘤细胞的转移能力;而对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖活性、浸润迁移能力以及细胞周期和凋亡无影响.     

厚朴酚抑制体外乳腺癌细胞株生物活性的实验研究

[目的]探讨中药厚朴提取物厚朴酚(Magnolol,Mag)抑制不同乳腺癌细胞株生物活性的作用.[方法]选取不同乳腺癌高转移细胞株(MCF-7、MDA-MB-231),在培养液中分别加入不同浓度的Mag溶液,观察处理后细胞的凋亡、侵袭、转移和黏附能力,判断Mag对乳腺癌细胞株生物活性的影响.[结果]Mag可以抑制细胞的抗凋亡、侵袭、转移和黏附能力(P<0.05),随着Mag浓度的增大,抑制生物活性的作用逐渐增强(P<0.05).[结论]Mag可以通过抑制不同受体状态乳腺癌细胞株的抗凋亡率、侵袭能力、黏附能力和迁移能力,从而抑制其生物活性,在乳腺癌的治疗及预防乳腺癌复发、转移中具有重要的临床应用价值.     

2-Methoxy-5((3,4,5-trimethosyphenyl)seleninyl) phenol (SQ0814061), a novel microtubule inhibitor,evokes G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, and novel chemotherapeutic drugs with high activity and no drug resistance for treating breast cancer are needed urgently. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of 2-methoxy-5((3,4,5-trimethosyphenyl)seleninyl) phenol (SQ0814061), which has a strong inhibition of cell growth in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. We demonstrated that SQ0814061 (SQ) time-dependently induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and subsequently progressed into apoptosis, which is associated with microtubule depolymerization. Western blot analysis revealed that up-regulation of cyclin B1 and Aurora A was related with G2/M phase arrest in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treatment with SQ. However, the formation of multinucleated cells after a long time exposed to SQ of MCF-7 cells delayed the cell death. In addition, apoptosis induced by SQ is correlated with the down-regulation of the PI3K-Akt-MDM2 pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Treatment with the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, increased SQ-induced cell growth inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, SQ induced MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the SQ-induced cell death was ROS dependent. In conclusion, all the data demonstrated that SQ exhibited its antitumor activity through disrupting the microtubule assembly, inducing cell cycle arrest and eventually apoptosis which is associated with PI3K-Akt-MDM2 pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Therefore, the novel compound SQ is a promising microtubule inhibitor that has tremendous potentials for therapeutic treatment of human mastocarcinoma.     

Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits breast cancer invasion via suppressing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9

In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effects of the invasiveness and migration of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in human breast carcinoma cells. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) enzyme activity and gene expression at both protein and mRNA levels were examined in human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), and the addition of the MMP-9 inhibitor, SB3CT, significantly suppressed TPA-induced invasion and migration according to the in vitro Transwell assay. Elevation of HO-1 gene expression by ferric protoporphyrin IX inhibited TPA-induced invasion of MCF-7 cells, which was blocked by adding the heme oxygenase inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin IX, or transfection of cells with HO-1 short hairpin RNA. MCF-7 cells overexpressing HO-1 (MCF-7/HO-1) were established in the present study, and TPA-induced MMP-9 gene expression, tumor invasion, and colony formation were significantly reduced in MCF-7/HO-1 cells, compared with those in Neo-transfected cells. Activation of protein kinase Calpha/extracellular signal-regulated kinases/AP-1 with stimulation of reactive oxygen species production was involved in TPA-induced invasion of MCF-7 cells, which was attenuated by HO-1 protein induced by ferric protoporphyrin IX or transfection of HO-1 expression vectors. Additionally, the addition of carbon monoxide, but not ferric ions, biliverdin, or bilirubin, inhibited TPA-induced invasion through suppressing MMP-9, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and AP-1 activation stimulated by TPA. The beneficial role of HO-1 in blocking tumor invasion was first identified in this study.